Les sections sanitaires automobiles féminines

Confronté à la pénurie d’ambulances et d’ambulanciers au début des années 1940, le ministère français de la Guerre a accepté l’offre de la Croix-Rouge française de lui fournir des personnels sanitaires particuliers attachés au transport des blessés militaires sur le champ de bataille. La mise en application de ces « Instructions » a crée les sections sanitaires automobiles féminines (SSA) ; unités officielles ayant un statut administratif, attaché au 19e train. Pour préparer les trois premières sections avant leur action, une cérémonie fut organisée le 24 avril 1940 dans la cour des Invalides, à la suite de laquelle le rôle des sections fut planifié. Par la suite, les sections qui furent rattachées aux hôpitaux d’évacuation secondaires (HOE-2), proches de la ligne du front du nord de la France, connurent leurs premiers combats, de jour comme de nuit, chargeant et déchargeant les blessés sous les bombardements ennemis continuels. Elles reçurent par conséquent l’ordre de se retirer, jusqu’à ce que l’armistice fut restauré fin juin. Bien que les sections sanitaires automobiles féminines furent dissoutes dès le 12 septembre 1940, plusieurs femmes qui s’étaient précédemment portées volontaires, poursuivirent d’autres actions contre l’Allemagne lors de la Seconde Guerre mondiale.The feminine’s automobiles of the Sanitary Sections. Facing with the shortages of both ambulances and drivers in the early 1940, the french Department of War agreed with the offer by the Croix-Rouge Française for supplying specific sanitary formations devoted to the transportation of military woundeds from the battlefield. The promulgation of the related « Instructions » had constituted the Sections sanitaires automobiles féminines (SSA) as formal units of women with administrative standing, attached to the 19 Train. As the preparation of the first 3 sections neared completion, an inaugural ceremony was organised on April 24, 1940 in the court of the Invalides, following which the sections were scheduled to go into action. Sections which were then attached to secundary evacuation hospitals (HOE-2) near the northern France frontline experienced soon later their first fightings, with day and night driving, loading and unloading of woundeds, often under sustained german bombing. They were subsequently ordered to retreat from place to place, until the armistice was established on late June. Another section moved on April 26, 1940 to the Middle East, where it has not taken part in any war action. Although the Sections sanitaires automobiles féminines were disbanded as early as on September 12, 1940, several of the women who had previously volunteered in subsequently engaged themselves in further actions against Germany during World War 2

Les étrangers du service de santé dans la campagne de France

Parmi les nombreux étrangers à s’être mis au service de la France à la veille de la Seconde Guerre mondiale, ceux affectés aux formations sanitaires occupent une place particulière. Souvent issus de milieux sociaux ou professionnels privilégiés, instruits, ils se sont engagés avec des motivations réfléchies qui donnent à leur perception de la campagne de mai-juin 1940 une dimension différente de celle qu’ont pu rapporter les combattants et les civils français. Leur regard sur les opérations militaires, auxquelles ils assistent, même s’il est souvent marqué d’une partialité francophile, bénéficie en effet de l’objectivité qu’a l’observateur extérieur étranger. Aussi, le discernement dont ils font preuve dans l’analyse de la déroute française fait-il tout l’intérêt des chroniques de la campagne que quelques-uns d’entre eux ont rédigé dans les années qui ont suivi.Among the many foreigners who placed themselves in the service of France on the eve of World War II, those assigned to health facilities have a special place. Often from social circles or privileged, educated professionals, they committed themselves for thoughtful reasons that give their perception of the campaign of May-June 1940 a dimension different from that of French combatants and civilians. Their view of the military operations in which they participated, though often marked with a Francophile bias, benefit indeed from the objectivity of a foreign outsider. Also, the judgment they show in their analysis of the French defeat is of great interest in the campaign chronicles that some of them wrote in the years that followed

Cardiovascular Prevention of Cognitive Decline

Midlife cardiovascular risk factors, including diabetes, hypertension, dyslipemia, and an unhealthy lifestyle, have been linked to subsequent incidence, delay of onset, and progression rate of Alzheimer disease and vascular dementia. Conversely, optimal treatment of cardiovascular risk factors prevents and slows down age-related cognitive disorders. The impact of antihypertensive therapy on cognitive outcome in patients with hypertension was assessed in large trials which demonstrated a reduction in progression of MRI white matter hyperintensities, in cognitive decline and in incidence of dementia. Large-scale database correlated statin use and reduction in the incidence of dementia, mainly in patients with documented atherosclerosis, but clinical trials failed to reach similar conclusions. Whether a multitargeted intervention would substantially improve protection, quality of life, and reduce medical cost expenditures in patients with lower risk profile has not been ascertained. This would require appropriately designed trials targeting large populations and focusing on cognitive decline as a primary outcome endpoint

Transcatheter valvular interventions 2022: insights from the National Societies of Cardiology Journals of the European Society of Cardiology.

peer reviewe

Coronary interventions 2021: insights from the National Societies of Cardiology Journals of the European Society of Cardiology.

peer reviewe

Authorship: From credit to accountability. Reflections from the Editors´ Network

The Editors´ Network of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) provides a dynamic forum for editorial discussions and endorses the recommendations of the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors (ICMJE) to improve the scientific quality of biomedical journals. Authorship confers credit and important academic rewards. Recently, however, the ICMJE emphasised that authorship also requires responsibility and accountability. These issues are now covered by the new (fourth) criterion for authorship. Authors should agree to be accountable and ensure that questions regarding the accuracy and integrity of the entire work will be appropriately addressed. This review discusses the implications of this paradigm shift on authorship requirements with the aim of increasing awareness on good scientific and editorial practices

Covid-19 and the heart: Insights from the National Societies of Cardiology Journals

Covid-19 and the heart: Insights from the National Societies of Cardiology Journal