Photo désorption à la surface de glaces froides

International audienc

Contribution theorique a l'etude de la dynamique de processus indirects du type A+BC#->#ABC#->#AB+C par l'approche quantique dependante du temps (methode du paquet d'ondes)

SIGLEAvailable from INIST (FR), Document Supply Service, under shelf-number : T 79520 / INIST-CNRS - Institut de l'Information Scientifique et TechniqueFRFranc

Etude théorique de l'interaction avec la surface de la glace de molécules halogénées d'intérêt atmosphérique

L'interaction entre les particules de glace présentes dans l'atmosphère et les molécules halogénées a suscité beaucoup d'intérêt ces dernières années. En effet, ces molécules, en interaction avec la glace, peuvent produire des radicaux destructeurs pour la couche d'ozone. La première partie de cette thèse est consacrée à la détermination d'une surface d'énergie potentielle paramétrée sur des données ab initio reproduisant l'interaction entre Cl2 et une molécule d'eau puis l'interaction entre Cl2 et le substrat de glace pour les états fondamental et excité. La seconde partie traite de l'adsorption de Cl2 et CH3Cl sur une surface de glace. L'adsorption de la molécule de Cl2 a été étudiée à 190 K et 235 K à l'aide d'un programme de dynamique moléculaire classique dans lequel nous avons implémenté le champ de forces issue de la paramétrisation développée en première partie. Nous avons pu observer que la molécule s'adsorbe en faisant un angle de 80 avec la normale à la surface. De plus, la molécule, faiblement liée à la surface, est très mobile sur celle-ci. L'adsorption de la molécule CH3Cl sur la glace a été étudiée à l'aide d'un logiciel commercial (GROMACS) à une température de 235 K. L'étude de la dynamique nous a appris que la molécule est adsorbée de manière à ce que l'axe chlore - carbone soit presque parallèle à la surface, le groupement méthyle pointant vers cette dernière et le chlore vers la phase gaz. Comme pour Cl2, CH3Cl est plutôt faiblement lié à la surface et est particulièrementmobile sur celle-ci.The interaction between atmospheric ice particles and halogenated molecules generated much interest in the recent years. Indeed, theses species can produce destructive radicals for the ozone layer and these reactions are enhanced at the ice surface. The first part of this thesis presents the development of a potential energy surface describing the Cl2-ice interaction, on the basis of ab initio data describing the ground and the first excited states for the Cl2-H2O dimer. The second part is dedicated to the adsorption of Cl2 and CH3Cl on a hexagonal ice surface at stratospheric temperatures. The dynamics of Cl2 at the ice surface was study at 190 K and 235 K by implementing the developped potential energy surface in a classical molecular dynamics program. According to these simulations, the Cl2 molecule adsorbs forming an angle of 80 with respect to the normal of the ice surface. The results suggest the interaction between the molecule and the surface is rather weak, the pollutant molecule diffusing freely at the surface.Since, a classical force field was available to describe the CH3Cl interaction with the ice surface, the adsorption of methyl chloride on ice was investigated using the GROMACS package. The main result is that at 235 K the molecule is adsorbed with the chlorine-carbon axis parallel to the ice surface, the methyl group pointing toward the ice and the chloride toward the gas phase. Similarly to Cl2, CH3Cl forms weak bonds with the surface and consequently, does not remain trapped in a given adsorption site.LILLE1-Bib. Electronique (590099901) / SudocSudocFranceF

Étude théorique de la dynamique des collisions réactives (calcul de la probabilité de réaction cumulée N (E))

LILLE1-BU (590092102) / SudocSudocFranceF

Time-Dependent Quantum Wave Packet Study of the Si + OH → SiO + H Reaction: Cross Sections and Rate Constants

Just accepted manuscriptInternational audienc

Quantum and classical non-adiabatic dynamics of Li₂⁺Ne photodissociation

International audienceThe 3D photodissociation dynamics of Li2+Ne system is investigated by quantum calculations using the multi-configuration time-dependent Hartree (MCTDH) method and by classical simulations with the trajectory surface hopping (TSH) approach. Six electronic states of A' symmetry and two states of A" symmetry are involved in the process. Couplings in the excitation region and two conical intersections in the vicinity of the Franck–Condon zone control the non-adiabatic nuclear dynamics. A diabatic representation including all the states and the couplings is determined. Diabatic and adiabatic populations calculated for initial excitation to pure diabatic and adiabatic states lead to a clear understanding of the mechanisms governing the non-adiabatic photodissociation process. The classical and quantum photodissociation cross-sections for absorption in two adiabatic states of the A' symmetry are calculated. A remarkable agreement between quantum and classical results is obtained regarding the populations and the absorption cross-sections

Quasi-Classical Trajectory study of Si+O2-->SiO+O reaction

International audienceQuasi-classical trajectory calculations for the Si(3P)+O2(X 3Sigmag-)-->SiO(X 1Sigma+)+O(1D) reaction have been carried out using the analytical ground 1A' potential energy surface (PES) recently reported by Dayou and Spielfiedel [J. Chem. Phys. 119, 4237 (2003)]. The reaction has been studied for a wide range of collision energies (0.005-0.6 eV) with O2 in its ground rovibrational state. The barrierless PES leads to a decrease of the total reaction cross section with increasing collision energy. It has been brought to evidence that the reaction proceeds through different reaction mechanisms whose contributions to reactivity are highly dependent on the collision energy range. At low collision energy an abstraction mechanism occurs involving the collinear SiOO potential well. The associated short-lived intermediate complex leads to an inverted vibrational distribution peaked at v'=3 and low rotational excitation of SiO(v',j') with a preferentially backward scattering. At higher energies the reaction proceeds mainly through an insertion mechanism involving the bent and linear OSiO deep potential wells and associated long-lived intermediate complexes, giving rise to nearly statistical energy disposals into the product modes and a forward-backward symmetry of the differential cross section