23 research outputs found
Informacijsko-komunikacijska uloga knjižnice
Knjižnica je vrlo važna kulturna ustanova čija je temeljna sastavnica društvo kao i
sami korisnici. Dostupnost informacijama i promotivnim materijalima jedna je od glavnih
usluga knjižnice. Ostale usluge baziraju se na komunikaciji, educiranju i interakciji u društvu,
no najvažniji je vlastiti stav prema knjižnici, znanosti, kulturi. Razlog odabira ove teme je
istraživanje važnosti i značaj samih knjižnica koje su dio ljudskog života i centar znanja za
društvo i korisnike. Ujedno knjižnica je komunikacijsko i informacijsko središte koja se zasniva
na interakciji i ljudskom obrazovanju gdje je svrha pomoći ljudima uz korištenje informacija i
promicanju ljudskog znanja kao i važnost društvenog razvoja. Život bez interneta je nezamisliv,
pa tako i u knjižnici gdje utjecaj tehnologije knjižnici dovodi nove trendove i mogućnosti
Utvrđivanje simptoma nedostatka hranjiva u grahu multispektralnom analizom i klorofilnom fluorescencijom
Crop production might suffer severe economic losses due to insufficient fertiliser availability. Specific signs of nutrient shortage influence plant morphology and physiology. This study pioneers the non-destructive tracking and characterization of nutrient deficiency symptoms in common beans using multispectral and chlorophyll fluorescence imaging, offering novel insights into the dynamic responses of plant morphology and physiology to specific nutrient shortages. Plants were cultivated in nutrient solutions with and without nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K), magnesium (Mg), iron (Fe) and control solution. Measurements were taken every three days for 12 days (MT1-MT4) of growth. K and N deficit plants had the earliest symptoms and most noticeable changes, whereas Fe deficiency plants had the slowest and least noticeable symptoms. Except for Fe, the most responsive chlorophyll fluorescence parameter was electron transport rate, which was reduced in plants from all nutrient deprivation treatments compared to control. All nutrient deficit treatments reduced leaf area at MT2, which was the most affected morphological parameter. The green leaf index, reflection in blue, and specific green were the most affected multispectral traits by nutritional deprivation. These findings demonstrate that plant nutrient deficit can be recognized and tracked non-destructively utilizing multispectral and chlorophyll fluorescence analysis. Overall, our work not only sheds light on the dynamics of nutrient deficiency in common bean plants but also offers practical implications for improving crop management strategies using non-destructive digital technology.Zbog nedovoljne dostupnosti gnojiva uzgoj poljoprivrednih usjeva mogao bi pretrpjeti ozbiljne ekonomske gubitke. Specifični znakovi nedostatka hranjiva utječu na morfologiju i fiziologiju biljke. Koristeći multispektralne analize i klorofilnu fluorescenciju u ovom je radu opisan i kvantificiran razvoj simptoma nedostatka hranjiva (dušik (N), fosfor (P), kalij (K), magnezij (Mg) i željezo (Fe)) kod graha (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). Biljke su uzgajane u hranjivim otopinama sa i bez N, P, K, Mg ili Fe. Mjerenja su provođena svaka tri dana tijekom 12 dana (MT1-MT4) rasta. Biljke s deficitom K i N su prve razvile simptome nedostatka hranjiva i imale su najizraženije fiziološke promjene, dok su biljke s nedostatkom Fe zadnje razvile simptome nedostatka hranjiva i imale najmanje izražene simptome. Od parametara klorofilne fluorescencije, u odnosu na kontrolu smanjenje transporta elektrona je najviše reagirao u svim tretmanima sa nedostatkom hranjiva, osim u slučaju tretmana s nedostatkom Fe. Svi tretmani s nedostatkom hranjivih tvari smanjili su lisnu površinu u MT2, Što predstavlja morfološki parametar koji je bio najviše pod utjecajem nedostatka hranjiva. Indeks zelenila lišća, refleksija u plavom spektru svjetlosti i refleksija u specifičnom zelenom spektru svjetlosti bila su multispektralna svojstva koja su najviše bila pod utjecajem nedostatka hranjiva. Ovi rezultati pokazuju da se nedostatak hranjiva može prepoznati i pratiti nedestruktivno korištenjem multispektralnih analiza i klorofilnom fluorescencijom
Phenotypic Diversity among Croatian Common Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) Landraces
Phenotypic diversity among Croatian common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) landraces was assessed by analysing 12 qualitative and six quantitative traits in 338 accessions collected from all production areas in Croatia. Out of 12 qualitative morphological traits, seed coat colour was the most polymorphic among accessions having the highest Shannon’s information index and discriminating power. Out of six quantitative traits, the highest coefficient of variation was detected in duration of flowering. A weak correlation was found between distance matrices among accessions based on qualitative and quantitative traits
AGRONOMIC PROPERTIES OF NEW WINTER VETCH GENOTYPES IN MIXTURES WITH WHEAT
Jednogodišnjim istraživanjima (2007./2008. g.) utvrđivan je utjecaj
učinkovitosti bakterizacije sjemena novih genotipova ozime grahorice na
broj i masu suhe tvari kvržica na korijenu grahorica (g/biljka), te prinose zrna
grahorice u smjesi s pšenicom cv. Sana. Prije sjetve izvršena je predsjetvena
bakterizacija sjemena grahorice sojevima Rhizobium leguminosarum bv.
viciae 1001 i KŽ 16 iz zbirke Zavoda za mikrobiologiju Agronomskog
fakulteta Sveučilišta u Zagrebu. Ukupno najveći broj kvržica na korijenu
grahorice utvrđen je na bakteriziranoj varijanti sojem R. leguminosarum bv.
viciae KŽ 16 (40 kvržica/biljka), kao i masa suhe tvari kvržica (0,16
g/biljka). Najveći broj mahuna (10,0) i zrna po biljci grahorice (69) je
utvrđen na bakteriziranoj varijanti sojem R. leguminosarum bv. viciae KŽ 16.
Najveća masa 1000 zrna (58 g) i masa zrna po biljci grahorice (4,06 g)
također je utvrđena na bakteriziranoj varijanti sojem R. leguminosarum bv.
viciae KŽ 16. Prosječni prinosi zrna grahorice iznosili su od 1419 kg/ha
(kontrola) do 1829 kg/ha (bakterizacija R. leguminosarum bv. viciae KŽ 16).
Na osnovu ovih istraživanja možemo zaključiti da je najveći prinos zrna
grahorice (2039 kg/ha) ostvaren bakterizacijom sojem R. leguminosarum bv.
viciae KŽ 16 ozime grahorice genotipa G1.One year field trials (2007-2008) were carried out to determin the effect of new
winter vetch genotypes inoculation on number and nodule dry weight g/plant of vetch
root and also on the yield of winter vetch and wheat cv. Sana mixture. Just before
sowing the inoculation of vetch seeds was performed by the variety of Rhizobium
leguminosarum bv. viciae 1001 and KŽ 16 which is part of the microbial collection of
the Department of Microbiology at the Faculty of Agriculture University of Zagreb. The
highest total nodule number on vetch roots (40 nodule/plant) was determined on the
inoculated variant R. leguminosarum bv. viciae KŽ 16 as well as nodule dry weight
(0,16 g/plant). The highest number of pods (10,0) and of seeds per plant (69) was
determined on the inoculated variant R. leguminosarum bv. viciae KŽ 16. The highest
weight of 1000 seeds (58 g) and weight of seeds per plant (4,06 g) was determined on
the inoculated variant R. leguminosarum bv. viciae KŽ 16. Average pea seed yield were
ranging from 1419 kg ha-1 (control) up to 1829 kg ha-1 inoculation R. leguminosarum
bv. viciae KŽ 16. The conclusion of this research is that the highest yield of winter pea
(2039 kg ha-1) was obtained with the inoculation R. leguminosarum bv. viciae KŽ 16
winter vetch genotype G1
New Age of Common Bean
Common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is a plant with high nutritional value that occupies an important place in human nutrition worldwide. Its yields vary widely and are often below the genetic potential of the species, given the diversity of cropping systems and climatic changes. Common bean landraces are a source of great genetic variability and provide excellent material for the selection and improvement of numerous agronomic traits and the creation of modern cultivars. It is also important to use high quality seed of high-yielding cultivars in production, because in common bean, in addition to yield and resistance to abiotic and biotic stress factors, traits such as nutritional value and digestibility are also the focus of interest. The success of common bean production depends to a large extent on the quality of the seed, the production approach and new breeding programs
INFLUENCE OF SEED PRIMING ON GERMINATION OF MARIGOLD (CALENDULA OFFICINALIS L.) IN STRESS CONDITIONS
Neven (Calendula officinalis L.) je poznat po svojim ljekovitim svojstvima kao i primjeni u medicinskoj, kemijskoj, kozmetičkoj i prehrambenoj industriji. Prilagođen je umjerenoj klimi te mu je optimalna temperatura klijanja 20 °C. Klijanje sjemena i rani rast sadnica su najosjetljiviji stadiji na abiotske stresove, kao što su nepovoljna temperatura i suša, a predsjetveni tretmani sjemena pozitivno utječu na svojstva klijavosti ili kvalitetu sjemena i sadnica u stresnim uvjetima. S obzirom da se sjetva nevena obavlja čim se uspostave minimalni uvjeti, a tada temperature i količine oborina mogu biti znatno niže od optimalnih, cilj ovog istraživanja bio je utvrditi utjecaj predtretmana na svojstva klijavosti sjemena nevena u uvjetima niskih temperatura i suše (-0,8 MPa PEG 6000). Laboratorijskim pokusom istražen je utjecaj temperature (14 °C, 18 °C i 22 °C) na klijavost sjemena nevena uz predtretmane dH2O i GA3 (250 ppm) u trajanju od 24 h. Netretirano sjeme je predstavljalo kontrolu. Utvrđeno je da sjeme nevena ne klije u uvjetima suše bez obzira na predsjetveni tretman i na temperaturu pri kojoj je klijalo. Ni temperatura niti predtretman sjemena ne utječu značajno na broj proklijalih sjemenki nevena, ali utječu na brzinu klijanja.Marigold (Calendula officinalis L.) is known for its medicinal properties and is used in the medical, chemical, cosmetic, and food industries. It is adapted to a temperate climate and its optimum germination temperature is 20 °C. Seed germination and early seed ling growth are the most sensitive to abiotic stresses such as unfavourable temperatures and drought, while seed priming has a positive effect on germination properties of seed and seed ling quality under stressful conditions. Since sowing of marigolds is done as soon as the minimum conditions are established, when temperature sand precipitation canbes ignificantly lower than optimal, the aim of this study was to determine the impact of seed priming on the germination properties of marigold seeds under low temperature and drought (-0.8 MPa PEG 6000). The effect of temperature (14 °C, 18 °C, and 22 °C) on germination of marigold seeds with treatments containing dH2O and GA3 (250 ppm) for 24 h was studied under laboratory conditions. Untreated seed represented control. Marigold seeds did not germinate under drought conditions, regard less of seed priming treatments and temperatures. It was also found that neither temperature nor seed priming significantly affected the number of germinated marigold seeds, but did affect the germination rate
Effect of Drought and Salinity Stresses on Nutrient and Essential Oil Composition in Ocimum basilicum L.
Drought and salinity are serious threats to agriculture worldwide. The present study investigated the effect of drought [moderate drought stress (25–30% volumetric water content - VWC), severe drought stress (15–20% VWC)] and salinity (moderate salinity stress (100 mM NaCl), severe salinity stress (200 mM NaCl)) on essential oil chemical composition and nutrient content in Ocimum basilicum \u27Genovese\u27. According to obtained results salinity stress has a stronger influence on the nutrient content as well as on essential oil composition
GERMINATION AND DORMANCY OF LEGUMES
Mahunarke su glavni izvor biljnih bjelančevina u svijetu stoga zauzimaju važnu ulogu u prehrani ljudi i hranidbi životinja. U Hrvatskoj se zrnate mahunarke pretežno uzgajaju na obiteljskim gospodarstvima na malim površinama. Za ljudsku prehranu najviše se uzgajaju grah (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), grašak (Pisum sativum L.) i soja (Glycine max L. Merr.), a u manjoj mjeri bob (Vicia faba L.), slanutak (Cicer arietinum L.), leća (Lens culinaris Medik.), sjekirica (Lathyrus sativus L.), lupina (Lupinus spp.) i crnookica (Vigna unguiculata L.). Najvažnije krmne mahunarke su lucerna (Medicago sativa L.) i crvena djetelina (Trifolium pratense L.). Klijanje i dormantnost su složeni procesi sjemena biljaka koji su pod utjecajem gena, biljnih hormona i okolišnih čimbenika. Klijanje je osnovna karakteristika svakog zdravog sjemena i ono počinje kada su zadovoljeni određeni uvjeti (voda, temperatura, kisik, svjetlost i dr.) te je savladana dormantnost. Mahunarkama je svojstvena fizikalna dormantnost koja je uzrokovana tvrdom, nepropusnom sjemenom ljuskom, koja onemogućuje usvajanje vode i plinova. Kod modernih kultivara zrnatih mahunarki ovo je svojstvo izgubljeno tijekom procesa udomaćenja i oplemenjivanja. Danas je dormantnost tipična za divlje tipove zrnatih mahunarki i za krmne mahunarke, kod kojih je potrebno primijeniti metode skarifikacije ili stratifikacije kako bi se prekinula dormantnost te potaknulo i poboljšalo klijanje.Legumes are of great importance in human nutrition and animal feed as they are a major source of vegetable proteins. In Croatia, grain legumes are mainly grown on family farms in low-system production. Common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), pea (Pisum sativum L.) and soybean (Glycine max L. Merr.) are the most widely grown while broad bean (Vicia faba L.), chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.), lentil (Lens culinaris Medik.), grass pea (Lathyrus sativus L.), lupin (Lupinus spp.) and cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L.) are grown to a lesser extent. The most common forage legumes in Croatia are alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) and red clover (Trifolium pratense L.). Germination and dormancy are complex seed characteristics influenced by many genes, hormones and environmental factors. Germination of the healthy seed starts when all the environmental factors are satisfied (water, temperature, oxygen, light, etc.), and it has overcome primary dormancy. Physical dormancy is widespread in legume family and is caused by an impermeable seed coat for water and gases, but has been lost through domestication and breeding. Today, physical dormancy is typical for wild types of grain legumes and for forage legumes. Stratification and scarification methods are useful tools to break down dormancy and improve germination
GERMINATION AND DORMANCY OF LEGUMES
Mahunarke su glavni izvor biljnih bjelančevina u svijetu stoga zauzimaju važnu ulogu u prehrani ljudi i hranidbi životinja. U Hrvatskoj se zrnate mahunarke pretežno uzgajaju na obiteljskim gospodarstvima na malim površinama. Za ljudsku prehranu najviše se uzgajaju grah (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), grašak (Pisum sativum L.) i soja (Glycine max L. Merr.), a u manjoj mjeri bob (Vicia faba L.), slanutak (Cicer arietinum L.), leća (Lens culinaris Medik.), sjekirica (Lathyrus sativus L.), lupina (Lupinus spp.) i crnookica (Vigna unguiculata L.). Najvažnije krmne mahunarke su lucerna (Medicago sativa L.) i crvena djetelina (Trifolium pratense L.). Klijanje i dormantnost su složeni procesi sjemena biljaka koji su pod utjecajem gena, biljnih hormona i okolišnih čimbenika. Klijanje je osnovna karakteristika svakog zdravog sjemena i ono počinje kada su zadovoljeni određeni uvjeti (voda, temperatura, kisik, svjetlost i dr.) te je savladana dormantnost. Mahunarkama je svojstvena fizikalna dormantnost koja je uzrokovana tvrdom, nepropusnom sjemenom ljuskom, koja onemogućuje usvajanje vode i plinova. Kod modernih kultivara zrnatih mahunarki ovo je svojstvo izgubljeno tijekom procesa udomaćenja i oplemenjivanja. Danas je dormantnost tipična za divlje tipove zrnatih mahunarki i za krmne mahunarke, kod kojih je potrebno primijeniti metode skarifikacije ili stratifikacije kako bi se prekinula dormantnost te potaknulo i poboljšalo klijanje.Legumes are of great importance in human nutrition and animal feed as they are a major source of vegetable proteins. In Croatia, grain legumes are mainly grown on family farms in low-system production. Common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), pea (Pisum sativum L.) and soybean (Glycine max L. Merr.) are the most widely grown while broad bean (Vicia faba L.), chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.), lentil (Lens culinaris Medik.), grass pea (Lathyrus sativus L.), lupin (Lupinus spp.) and cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L.) are grown to a lesser extent. The most common forage legumes in Croatia are alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) and red clover (Trifolium pratense L.). Germination and dormancy are complex seed characteristics influenced by many genes, hormones and environmental factors. Germination of the healthy seed starts when all the environmental factors are satisfied (water, temperature, oxygen, light, etc.), and it has overcome primary dormancy. Physical dormancy is widespread in legume family and is caused by an impermeable seed coat for water and gases, but has been lost through domestication and breeding. Today, physical dormancy is typical for wild types of grain legumes and for forage legumes. Stratification and scarification methods are useful tools to break down dormancy and improve germination