Chromium and its role in the human body including the antidiabetic action

Pierzak Monika. Chromium and its role in the human body including the antidiabetic action. Journal of Education, Health and Sport. 2018;8(9):1740-1746. eISNN 2391-8306. DOI http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1439468 http://ojs.ukw.edu.pl/index.php/johs/article/view/6141 The journal has had 7 points in Ministry of Science and Higher Education parametric evaluation. Part b item 1223 (26/01/2017). 1223 Journal of Education, Health and Sport eissn 2391-8306 7 © The Authors 2018; This article is published with open access at Licensee Open Journal Systems of Kazimierz Wielki University in Bydgoszcz, Poland Open Access. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Noncommercial License which permits any noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author (s) and source are credited. This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non commercial license Share alike. (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited. The authors declare that there is no conflict of interests regarding the publication of this paper. Received: 01.09.2018. Revised: 15.09.2018. Accepted: 15.09.2018. Chromium and its role in the human body including the antidiabetic action Pierzak Monika Jan Kochanowski University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Surgery and Surgical Nursing Address for correspondence: Monika Pierzak Institute of Medical Sciences Department of Surgery and Surgical Nursing tel. 530-169-219 E-mail: [email protected] [email protected] orcid.org/0000-0002-4367-4465 Summary Chromium is an element belonging to micronutrients, which is about 0.012% of the coating earth. Chrome Latin language. chromium was discovered in 1798 by the French researcher Louis Nicolas Vauquelin in the periodic table element belongs to the group VI A transition having an atomic number of 24 and an atomic weight of 51.996, chrome "Chroma" in Greek means "color". It owes its name to chemical compounds, which element is formed on all oxidation; +1 to + 6 [4,7,8]. Chromium is an element which, in the environment occurs in two forms as Cr (III) and Cr (VI) [4,5,6,8]. The role of the element in the human body primarily is seen in the metabolism of carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, and especially cholesterol levels [1]. Chromium as a chemical compound in the oxidation of Cr (III) is part of enzymes, ribonucleic acids, accelerates blood coagulation and also increases the activity of B-glucuronidase. The properties element plays a key role in the antioxidant during the synthesis of RNA and DNA immune response affects the synthesis of certain vitamins and hormones. In adult women for the correct standard daily intake of chromium with the diet I recognize the value of 25 µg in men 35 µg [7,8]. Keywords: chrome, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, hypoglycemia, supplementatio

Available therapies for the treatment of obesity. Are lifestyle modifications and pharmacotherapy enough to reduce weight? - review of the literature

Introduction: The World Health Organization (WHO) defines obesity as "abnormal or excessive accumulation of adipose tissue that poses a health risk". It results from the interdependencies between genetic, cultural, and socio-economic factors. The choice of therapy in the treatment of overweight and obesity depends on body mass index (BMI), individual predispositions, comorbidities and weight history. Among the treatment methods stand out, dietary modification, lifestyle changes, pharmacotherapy, and bariatric surgery. Each of these treatments can be used individually or as a combination treatment using knowledge of physiology. The aim of the study is to assess the effectiveness of overweight and obesity treatment using pharmacotherapy and lifestyle modification. Material and Methods: The research material was collected by searching databases with scientific articles about obesity, pharmacotherapy in obesity, the impact of lifestyle modifications, behavioral behavior, and physical activity on the reduction of body fat. The scientific database Pubmed and Web of Science were used. Research articles, systematic reviews and meta-analyses were included.  Summary Obesity is an epidemic of the 21st century, bringing with it several negative consequences. Prevention of the disease, quick diagnosis, and implementation of appropriate treatment to reduce unnecessary fat and excess weight are extremely important. Lifestyle change including dietary modification, physical activity and pharmacotherapy are promising treatments for overweight and obesity

The impact of nutritional status on the process of formation of pressure ulcers in a patient in intensive care after injury cerebro-cranial

Introduction: Pressure ulcers are chronic wounds of very serious social and economic problem. With advances in medicine and the extension of human life, every day they involve ever growing group of patients. Despite much progress in medicine and the progress in the techniques of cultivating chronic wounds, pressure sores are a problem, which for many years is a blemish on for many doctors and nurses. Material and Methods: A 46 year old male, professional driver status. From the interview with the family that the patient smoked about 15 cigarettes a day, no alcohol, he ate irregularly, fed on due to the nature of the work. Height 183 cm, weight 87 kg at the hospitalization day. Patient underwent surgery, the right parietal craniotomy. Intracerebral hematoma has been removed, breaking raised removed invaginated compromise bone. At the time of adoption in the branch, he was unconscious, intubated connected to a ventilator to breath surrogate mode IPPV, under the influence of anesthetics. Sedation infusion of 2% Propofol, Nalpain. Aim: The impact of the nutritional status of a patient with craniocerebral trauma wounds to the formation of bedsore. Results: Taking into account the results of the questionnaire NRS-2002, the scale Norton, Braden, interview, physical examination, symptoms, anthropometric measurements, biochemical and immunological in the initial period and 30 days of hospitalization can be estimated that the nutritional status of the patient is abnormal, which significantly influences the risk bedsore wounds uprising. Conclusions: The risk of complications such as chronic wounds-pressure ulcers in the patient have beenvery large. This is related to the general state of the patient's diabetes type II, with baseline nutritional status, infections, hypercatabolism resulting from craniocerebral trauma. Back to the patient's health requires large amounts of protein and energy. The patient's condition at the time of adoption in the branch was very heavy, unconscious patient, the surrogate breath, undernourished. Key words: chronic wound, bedsore, nutritional status, preventio

Lifestyle and Health

Gorzelak Martyna, Pierzak Monika. Lifestyle and Health. Journal of Education, Health and Sport. 2017;7(11):268-280. eISSN 2391-8306. DOI http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1069093 http://ojs.ukw.edu.pl/index.php/johs/article/view/5074 https://pbn.nauka.gov.pl/sedno-webapp/works/839416 The journal has had 7 points in Ministry of Science and Higher Education parametric evaluation. Part B item 1223 (26.01.2017). 1223 Journal of Education, Health and Sport eISSN 2391-8306 7 © The Authors 2017; This article is published with open access at Licensee Open Journal Systems of Kazimierz Wielki University in Bydgoszcz, Poland Open Access. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Noncommercial License which permits any noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author(s) and source are credited. This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited. This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited. The authors declare that there is no conflict of interests regarding the publication of this paper. Received: 20.10.2017. Revised: 21.10.2017. Accepted: 30.11.2017. Lifestyle and Health Martyna Gorzelak1 Monika Pierzak1,2 1Doctoral field of Health Sciences, Jan Kochanowski University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Science 1,2Jan Kochanowski University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, Department of Surgery and Nursing Address for correspondence: Martyna Gorzelak Podewsie 8 26-070 Lopuszno tel. 600-442-448 e-mail: [email protected] ORCID orcid.org/0000-0003-0532-1690 Monika Pierzak e-mail:[email protected] tel.530-169-219 ORCID orcid.org/0000-0002-4367-4465 Abstract Admission: The World Health Organization defines lifestyle as a way of being associated with the interaction of man and the conditions, in which he lives, as well as individual behavior patterns, which have been determined by socio-cultural factors and personal characteristics charakter2. Aim: Aim of the study is to identify the impact of lifestyle on human health in every stage of life. Lifestyle is defined as all the characteristics of the behavior of a particular individual or community. It refers to behavior occurring in everyday life and those routinely repeated. The lifestyle behaviors include inter alia: attitudes to work and use, leisure, nutrition, clothing and relationships. Summary: Healthy lifestyle developed among people of all ages, will transfer into later adult health, their children, and the elderly. A healthy lifestyle improves the quality of life in every stage. Keywords: health, health behaviors, lifestyle Streszczenie Wprowadzenie: Światowa Organizacja Zdrowia styl życia definiuje jako sposób bycia związany ze wzajemnym oddziaływaniem człowieka i warunków w jakich żyje, a także indywidualnych wzorców zachowania, które zostały określone przez czynniki społeczno-kulturowe i osobiste cechy charakter2. Cel: Celem pracy jest wskazanie wpływu stylu życia na stan zdrowia człowieka w każdym okresie życia. Styl życia definiowany jest jako całokształt cech charakterystycznych dla zachowania się danej jednostki lub zbiorowości. Dotyczy zachowań występujących w życiu codziennym oraz tych powtarzanych rutynowo. W skład stylu życia wchodzą zachowania dotyczące między innymi: postawy wobec pracy, sposobu spędzania wolnego czasu, żywienia, ubioru oraz stosunków międzyludzkich. Podsumowanie: Zdrowy styl życia wypracowany wśród osób w każdym wieku, przełoży się na zdrowie późniejszych dorosłych, ich dzieci oraz osób starszych. Zdrowy styl życia wpływa na poprawę jakości życia w każdym jego etapie. Słowa kluczowe: zdrowie, zachowania zdrowotne, styl życi

The nurse's role in the prevention and diagnosis of malnutrition in patients in Intensive Care

Nutritional therapy, also known as clinical treatment is an important component of modern treatment of patients in each of the Polish hospital wards. It includes nutritional assessment, evaluation nutritive requirements and nutritive, an adequate supply of proteins, fats, electrolytes, trace elements and water, taking advantage of the way the gastrointestinal tract, or by intravenous administration [4,5]. In Poland in the Regulation of the Minister of Health of 15 September 2011, the assessment of the nutritional status of the patient, taken on the hospital ward is mandatory excluding patients from emergency departments [6,7,8]. Malnutrition is a disease of multifactorial etiology, in the diagnosis, which plays a very important role cooperation of the whole therapeutic team - nutrition. The nurse, as a member of the team, plays an essential role in the prevention and diagnosis of malnutrition in patients staying in intensive care. Nursing staff, the first to have direct contact with patients, exercising care over him. Direct contact and careful observation, to allow diagnosis of early symptoms of malnutrition [10]. Keywords: malnutrition, nurse, preventio

Chromium and its role in the human body including the antidiabetic action

Chromium is an element belonging to micronutrients, which is about 0.012% of the coating earth. Chrome Latin language. chromium was discovered in 1798 by the French researcher Louis Nicolas Vauquelin in the periodic table element belongs to the group VI A transition having an atomic number of 24 and an atomic weight of 51.996, chrome "Chroma" in Greek means "color". It owes its name to chemical compounds, which element is formed on all oxidation; +1 to + 6 [4,7,8]. Chromium is an element which, in the environment occurs in two forms as Cr (III) and Cr (VI) [4,5,6,8]. The role of the element in the human body primarily is seen in the metabolism of carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, and especially cholesterol levels [1]. Chromium as a chemical compound in the oxidation of Cr (III) is part of enzymes, ribonucleic acids, accelerates blood coagulation and also increases the activity of B-glucuronidase. The properties element plays a key role in the antioxidant during the synthesis of RNA and DNA immune response affects the synthesis of certain vitamins and hormones. In adult women for the correct standard daily intake of chromium with the diet I recognize the value of 25 µg in men 35 µg [7,8]. Keywords: chrome, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, hypoglycemia, supplementatio

Health of migrants during the disease while staying in Poland

The phenomenon of emigration has been the subject of discussion and reflection for many years. The connection between emigration and deterioration of health condition is increased in the current situation of the wave of emigration, because the most popular and most commonly used strategy of migration is the shuttle. This kind of emigration concept often results in disturbances in the functioning of the emigrant in various social structures, in the country from which he comes as well as in the country of emigration, which is not without significance on the psychophysical state of the person and also his relatives. Medical problems typical for expatriates usually arise from the neglect of prevention, scarcity or limited access to health care, tiring and burdensome physical work, experiencing enormous psychological costs as a result of separation from loved ones and awareness of loneliness in a culturally unknown environment

The role of selenium in cancer treatment, cardiovascular diseases, thyroid gland

Malignant tumors are diseases occurring in any population in the world, characterized by a high mortality [1]. In the developed countries are the second cause of death after cardiovascular diseases. Among the risk factors for many cancers, distinguished tastes bad habits. A new trend in academic research on the effects of inadequate supply of selenium in the diet at risk of developing cancer, in particular carcinoma of the colon, lung or prostate cancer. The role of selenium, looking also for prevention against cardiovascular events. Cardiovascular disease 50 years of age are the biggest threat to his countrymen. CSO data show since 1992 that the participation of these diseases in the total number of deaths decreased from 52% to 45.6% in 2012. Selenium deficiency also affects, for example, the development of thyroid disease. Autoimmune thyroiditis, hypothyroidism or crop neutral. Deiodinase are selenoenzymes, which play an essential role in the metabolism of thyroid hormones. Deiodinase, type 1, 2 is involved in the process dejodacji thyroxine [T4] for the active company in the form of 3,3 ', 5-triiodothyronine [T3] [34]. Selenium is a trace element was discovered in 1817 by Swedish chemist Berzelius. Until 1957 was considered, for the root of the toxic effects. Selenium is a trace element belonging to the micro [17,18,19]. As a building block and a redox active enzymes, the cytochrome is involved in metabolic processes in the cell. According to the National Academy of Sciences of the United States (NAS called. National Academy of Sciences), the average daily requirement for selenium (EAR- Estimated Average Requirements) and the recommended dose in the diet (RDA- Recommended Dietary Allowance) indicate selenium 45μg / day for adult women and adult man. Selenium is a trace element

Evaluation of the course of the early postoperative period after surgery endovascular abdominal aortic aneurysm elimination by biochemical tests

Summary Admission: Abdominal aortic aneurysm occurs in 4-9% of men and 12% of women over 65 years of age, and its rupture is the cause of 10 deaths in developed countries. Perioperative mortality in the event of a ruptured aneurysm is 20-50%, and remains unchanged regardless of the methods of treatment, while in the surgical treatment of patients under elective with the work of J. N. Volodos and Pariodiego obtained vast improvement early results. Late results for endovascular methods are not as good, it is the subject of numerous multicenter studies. The current mortality rate of patients treated with endovascular means remains below 1%. Despite lower overall mortality continues to happen all sorts of complications such as local and general. Objective of the work: Rating Running the early postoperative period after surgery endovascular abdominal aortic aneurysm elimination with selected biochemical indices. Material and methods: The patient admitted in elective office in the diagnosis of abdominal aortic aneurysm endovascular purpose of supply. Results: The course of post-operative patient in a test can not be described as complicated. Control arteriography showed off correct an aneurysm, without leakage. Conclusions: Postoperative care is a continuation of surgical treatment and significantly determines the scope of the safety of the patient and the risk of developing complications. Accurate and systematic observation of patients after EVAR allows immediate detection and treatment of complications occurring. Keywords: abdominal aortic aneurysm, endovascular elimination of abdominal aortic aneurysm, early postoperative period

Language and communication disorders associated with physiological aging

Introduction: In the process of physiological aging leads to changes related to human functioning. Modifications also apply to the sphere of cognitive and related competencies: language and communication. Ability to efficiently use speech and language at the age of senioralnym is important not only because of intellectual functioning, but also serves as pragmatic. Language is in fact an essential tool for building social relationships. The aim of the study was to analysis of the literature on changes in language and communicative competence in the process of physiological aging. Results: With age, the deterioration observed in language and communication skills of older people. In the area of language skills is observed senile changes at all levels of posts: phonological, syntactic and semantic. The elderly are observable phenomenon, which does not notice the earlier stages of life. In the statements of senior citizens should pay particular attention to phenomena such as TOT (tip-of-the-tongue) and OTV (off-target verbosity). Summary: The speech of seniors is a reflection of changes occurring within the cognitive functions of both the basic and the higher ones. Research on the use of language by seniors are an interesting topic for an interdisciplinary group of specialists. In order to delay the aging process in the field of cognitive and linguistic advised to inspire the elderly to educational activity, providing them thus improving the quality of life