Portuguese Retailers’ Motivations to Adopt Front of Pack Nutrition Labels: A Qualitative Analysis

Nutrition is an important food marketing differentiation criterion. There is growing evidence of the relation between diets and health conditions. Thus there is a potential conflict between industry and public health authorities over the use of nutrition labels. Understanding industry motivations for simplified nutrition labels use is paramount to scrutinize market dynamics, improve label policy design and its evaluation. The aim of this research is to ascertain how retailers perceive consumer’s attitudes to nutrition labels and what motivates their use. We conducted in-depth semi-structure interviews with senior managers in leading Portuguese retail chains. Our results suggest that retailers’ adopt FOP to aid their customers’ food choices, as a response to competitors’ moves and preempt labeling regulations. However, respondents were concerned on whether nutrition labels added value to their business, has a negative impact on sales in certain food categories and may hinder relations with suppliers.Nutrition labels, retailers, semi-structured interviews, content analysis, Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety, Q18, M31, M38, M14,

Analysis of the possibility of, and challenges associated with, the qualification for refugee status of victims of human trafficking in South Africa

Includes bibliographical references.The aim of the enquiry is to establish whether trafficking victims could find protection within a particular human rights framework - that of refugee law - and to assess any factors that may hinder qualification for such protection

Justice and legitimacy hindered by uncertainty the legal status of traditional councils in North West Province

The Traditional Leadership and Governance Framework Act 2003 provides for the transformation of apartheidera tribal authorities into constitutional-era traditional councils with a role in traditional governance. The process involves reconstituting these councils to meet certain thresholds of women and democratically elected members. Where councils have failed properly to meet the thresholds – seemingly the case in much of North West Province – their present legal status is called into question. In North West, the ambiguity surrounding their status has been compounded by the conduct of the provincial government, underlying tensions in the legislation, and a confusing series of contradictory government notices and court judgements dealing with the issue. This article examines how the reconstitution requirements have been applied in practice in North West and considers the legal and material impacts of the existing uncertainty surrounding traditional councils’ status. Where these councils are put forward as democratic bodies representing traditional communities in North West’s platinum mining belt, these are particularly important issues to consider in relation to the legitimacy of traditional councils

A influência do Banco Mundial na política educacional do Estado do Paraná

This article discusses the influence of the World Bank regarding the educational policies implemented in the State of Paraná. Thus, the Projeto Qualidade da Educação Básica (Quality of Basic Education Project) in Paraná, approved in 1994, and the Projeto Multissetorial para o Desenvolvimento do Paraná (Multi-sector Project) for the Development of Paraná, instituted in 2012, stand out. The education project disseminated by this international organization is sustained and negotiated according to the interests of the internal policy of Paraná and incorporates aspects of the business field, resulting in the intensification of evaluative processes, the search for efficiency and effectiveness, and the participation and accountability of the subjects in favor of better results.Este artículo pretende presentar la influencia del Banco Mundial en las políticas educativas implementadas en el Estado de Paraná. Así, destacan el Projeto Qualidade da Educação Básica (PQE) en Paraná aprobado en 1994 y el Projeto Multissetorial para o Desenvolvimento do Paraná en 2012. El proyecto educativo difundido por este organismo internacional se sustenta y negocia de acuerdo con los intereses de la política interna de Paraná e incorpora aspectos del ámbito empresarial que se traducen en la intensificación de los procesos de evaluación, en la búsqueda de eficiencia y eficacia y en la participación y responsabilización de los sujetos en pro de mejores resultados.Este artigo objetiva apresentar a influência do Banco Mundial no que diz respeito às políticas educacionais implementadas no Estado do Paraná. Sendo assim, destacam-se o Projeto Qualidade da Educação Básica (PQE) no Paraná, aprovado em 1994, e o Projeto Multissetorial para o Desenvolvimento do Paraná, instituído em 2012. O projeto de educação disseminado por esse organismo internacional é sustentando e negociado de acordo com os interesses da política interna paranaense e incorpora aspectos do campo empresarial, resultando na intensificação de processos avaliativos, na busca pela eficiência e eficácia e na participação e responsabilização dos sujeitos em prol de melhores resultados

Clinical genetics and public policies: how should rare diseases be managed?

The implementation of a specific policy for rare diseases in the Brazilian Unified Health System presents challenges in terms of its rationale. Recognizing the importance of rarity in the context of public health means understanding genetics as one of the dimensions of disease and accepting thatBrazilis undergoing a period of transition in health indicators. Although most rare diseases lack pharmacological treatment and genetic counseling constitutes the best strategy for their prevention, the cost of “orphan drugs” and their consequent lack of cost-effectiveness are still claimed as hurdles to the implementation of public policies in this field. Epidemiological aspects should not be used as isolated criteria for prioritization in public policies

Plant Single-Cell Metabolomics—Challenges and Perspectives

Omics approaches for investigating biological systems were introduced in the mid-1990s and quickly consolidated to become a fundamental pillar of modern biology. The idea of measuring the whole complement of genes, transcripts, proteins, and metabolites has since become widespread and routinely adopted in the pursuit of an infinity of scientific questions. Incremental improvements over technical aspects such as sampling, sensitivity, cost, and throughput pushed even further the boundaries of what these techniques can achieve. In this context, single-cell genomics and transcriptomics quickly became a well-established tool to answer fundamental questions challenging to assess at a whole tissue level. Following a similar trend as the original development of these techniques, proteomics alternatives for single-cell exploration have become more accessible and reliable, whilst metabolomics lag behind the rest. This review summarizes state-of-the-art technologies for spatially resolved metabolomics analysis, as well as the challenges hindering the achievement of sensu stricto metabolome coverage at the single-cell level. Furthermore, we discuss several essential contributions to understanding plant single-cell metabolism, finishing with our opinion on near-future developments and relevant scientific questions that will hopefully be tackled by incorporating these new exciting technologies

Molecular Analysis of the Bacterial Communities in Crude Oil Samples from Two Brazilian Offshore Petroleum Platforms

Crude oil samples with high- and low-water content from two offshore platforms (PA and PB) in Campos Basin, Brazil, were assessed for bacterial communities by 16S rRNA gene-based clone libraries. RDP Classifier was used to analyze a total of 156 clones within four libraries obtained from two platforms. The clone sequences were mainly affiliated with Gammaproteobacteria (78.2% of the total clones); however, clones associated with Betaproteobacteria (10.9%), Alphaproteobacteria (9%), and Firmicutes (1.9%) were also identified. Pseudomonadaceae was the most common family affiliated with these clone sequences. The sequences were further analyzed by MOTHUR, yielding 81 operational taxonomic units (OTUs) grouped at 97% stringency. Richness estimators also calculated by MOTHUR indicated that oil samples with high-water content were the most diverse. Comparison of bacterial communities present in these four samples using LIBSHUFF and Principal Component Analysis (PCA) indicated that the water content significantly influenced the community structure only of crude oil obtained from PA. Differences between PA and PB libraries were observed, suggesting the importance of the oil field as a driver of community composition in this habitat

A oralidade como lugar de narrativização do vaqueiro – revivescências Orality as a place of cowboy narratization - revivescences

No atual contexto representado pelo que denominamos de pós-modernidade, as questões identitárias que envolvem os grupos sociais considerados minoritários tornam-se de extrema importância, principalmente quando as situamos dentro dos conflitos que tem se manifestado no interior desses grupos que se constituíram em torno de uma identidade profissional que se apresenta em crise nesse cenário, a identidade do vaqueiro. Sendo essa uma identidade profissional que se funde indissociavelmente à identidade pessoal desse sujeito, cabe-nos interrogarmos como tais tem sido marcadas, atravessadas por todas essas questões que tem colocado o vaqueiro como uma figura mítica, folclorizada, estereotipada e ao mesmo tempo silenciada; um silenciamento imposto há quase 500 anos e que necessita ser rompido a partir da escuta sensível e ao mesmo tempo problematizadora de suas vozes