Collection and validation of self-sampled e-logbook data in a Mediterranean demersal trawl fishery

Over the last several years, a great deal of emphasis has been given to the use of participatory research to enhance knowledge co-production between fisheries stakeholders, involving fishers in the sampling of their catches both for scientific and control purposes. Indeed, this approach could complement data collection through trawl surveys and onboard observers, which is usually expensive and thus, does not allow much spatio-temporal coverage. Within the EU participatory research project, GAP2, electronic logbooks were installed on board otter-trawlers to collect haul-by-haul geo-referenced catch data in the Adriatic Sea (NW Mediterranean Sea). Between September 2012 and December 2013, catches of some of the most important otter-trawl target species (8 species including teleosts, cephalopods, and crustaceans) were recorded in 3588 self-sampled hauls. Because a major concern for the use of these data is related to their quality, self-sampling was run concurrently with a scientific observers\u2019 program, which allowed the detailed monitoring of catches from 249 hauls. The latter dataset was used to test the reliability of fishers\u2019 self-sampled data and for their validation. In all species, no significant disagreement between the two datasets was observed. The full self-sampled dataset was thus used to describe the spatio-temporal changes in catches, as derived by observers\u2019 data, allowing important insights into species\u2019 life cycles. Results agreed with available literature information and fishers\u2019 experience-based knowledge, which was thus embedded in the process of data validation and results interpretation. The collaboration between scientists and fishermen was demonstrated to be a valuable approach for generating reliable fisheries data, allowing a better understanding and quantitative descriptions of species\u2019 life cycles and the attainment of a common base of knowledge for the enforcement of spatially explicit fisheries management

The Italian Job: Navigating the (im)perfect storm of participatory fisheries research in the Northern Adriatic Sea

In fisheries management there is now a broad consensus on the importance of including and integrating fishermen and their knowledge. This shift reflected by the latest reform of the EU Common Fisheries Policy indicates, at least in principle, a move away from the traditional centralised ‘top-down’ model to a more decentralised ‘networked’ system of governance. What happens though to this ideal of participation when there is limited agreement about what the problems are and how to handle them? The GAP project case study in Chioggia, located in the Northern Adriatic, provides an opportunity to illustrate this question through exploring the differing perceptions and competing narratives surrounding ‘la crisi’ (the crisis) in the fisheries in question. Simply put, ‘la crisi’ represents a crisis in the sector, with stock collapse and the ruination of local fisheries-based livelihoods a likely outcome should the status quo be maintained. This perspective is held by many fishermen and a number of scientists working with them and yet is opposed by a counter narrative of ‘stability and ecosystem health’, promoted by regional fisheries managers and affiliated scientists. The Chioggia case study, a participatory research initiative between scientists and local fishermen, seeks to bridge this gap in knowledge by mapping the spatial and temporal distribution of resources and fishing effort in the Northern Adriatic Sea. The paper emphasises the challenges and opportunities that this research collaboration entails and assesses its capacity to catalyse or inhibit the conditions necessary for mobilising collective action in fisheries management

Extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation for refractory out-of-hospital cardiac arrest: 10-year experience in a metropolitan cardiac arrest centre in Milan, Italy

Introduction: Growing evidence supports extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation (ECPR) for refractory out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) patients, especially in experienced centres. We present characteristics, treatments, and outcomes of patients treated with ECPR in a high-volume cardiac arrest centre in the metropolitan area of Milan, Italy and determine prognostic factors. Methods: Refractory OHCA patients treated with ECPR between 2013 and 2022 at IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute in Milan had survival and neurological outcome assessed at hospital discharge. Results: Out of 307 consecutive OHCA patients treated with ECPR (95% witnessed, 66% shockable, low-flow 70 [IQR 58–81] minutes), 17% survived and 9.4% had favourable neurological outcome. Survival and favourable neurological outcome increased to 51% (OR = 8.7; 95% CI, 4.3–18) and 28% (OR = 6.3; 95% CI, 2.8–14) when initial rhythm was shockable and low-flow (time between CPR initiation and ROSC or ECMO flow) ≤60 minutes and decreased to 9.5% and 6.3% when low-flow exceeded 60 minutes (72% of patients). At multivariable analysis, shockable rhythm (aOR for survival = 2.39; 95% CI, 1.04–5.48), shorter low-flow (aOR = 0.95; 95% CI, 0.94–0.97), intermittent ROSC (aOR = 2.5; 95% CI, 1.2–5.6), and signs of life (aOR = 3.7; 95% CI, 1.5–8.7) were associated with better outcomes. Survival reached 10% after treating 104 patients (p for trend <0.001). Conclusions: Patients with initial shockable rhythm, intermittent ROSC, signs of life, and low-flow ≤60 minutes had higher success of ECPR for refractory OHCA. Favourable outcomes were possible beyond 60 minutes of low-flow, especially with concomitant favourable prognostic factors. Outcomes improved as the case-volume increased, supporting treatment in high-volume cardiac arrest centres

A multi-element psychosocial intervention for early psychosis (GET UP PIANO TRIAL) conducted in a catchment area of 10 million inhabitants: study protocol for a pragmatic cluster randomized controlled trial

Multi-element interventions for first-episode psychosis (FEP) are promising, but have mostly been conducted in non-epidemiologically representative samples, thereby raising the risk of underestimating the complexities involved in treating FEP in 'real-world' services