Work addiction test questionnaire to assess workaholism: Validation of French version

Background: Work addiction is a significant public health problem with a growing prevalence. The Work Addiction Risk Test (WART) is the gold standard questionnaire to detect workaholism. Objective: The main objective of this study was to validate the French version of the WART. Methods: Questionnaires were proposed to voluntary French workers using the WittyFit software. There were no exclusion criteria. The questionnaire was administered anonymously for initial validity testing and readministered one week later for test-retest reliability. We also assessed the workers’ sociodemographic characteristics, as well as other measurements for external validity, such as stress, well-being, and coaddictions to tobacco, alcohol, and cannabis. Several psychometric properties of the French-WART were explored: acceptability, reliability (internal consistency [Cronbach alpha coefficient] and reproducibility [Lin concordance coefficient]), construct validity (correlation coefficients and principal component analysis), and external validity (correlation coefficients). Results: Among the 1580 workers using WittyFit, 187 (11.83%) agreed to complete the WART questionnaire. Of those, 128 completed the test-retest survey (68.4%). Acceptability found that all respondents had fully completed the questionnaire, with few floor or ceiling effects. Reliability was very good with a Cronbach alpha coefficient at .90 (internal consistency) and Lin concordance coefficient at .90 (95% CI .87-.94] with a difference on the retest of .04 (SD 4.9) (95% CI −9.6 to 9.7) (reproducibility). We identified three main dimensions (construct validity). Relationships between WART and stress and well-being confirmed its external validity. Conclusions: The French version of the WART is a valid and reliable instrument to assess work addiction with satisfactory psychometric properties. Used in occupational medicine, this tool would allow the diagnosis of work addiction and can be easily implemented in current practice

Effects of a short residential thermal spa program to prevent work-related stress/burnout on stress biomarkers: The thermstress proof of concept study

Objective Work-related stress is a public health issue. Stress has multiple physical and psychological consequences, the most serious of which are increased mortality and cardiovascular morbidity. The ThermStress protocol was designed to offer a short residential thermal spa program for work-related stress prevention that is compatible with a professional context. Methods Participants will be 56 male and female workers aged 18 years or above. All participants will undergo a 6-day residential spa program comprising psychological intervention, physical activity, thermal spa treatment, health education, eating disorder therapy and a follow-up. On six occasions, participants’ heart rate variability, cardiac remodelling and function, electrodermal activity, blood markers, anthropometry and body composition, psychology and quality of life will be measured using questionnaires and bone parameters. Results This study protocol reports the planned and ongoing research for this intervention. Discussion The ThermStress protocol has been approved by an institutional ethics committee (ANSM: 2016 A02082 49). It is expected that this proof of concept study will highlight the effect of a short-term specific residential thermal spa program on the prevention of occupational burnout and work-related stress. The findings will be disseminated at several research conferences and in published articles in peer-reviewed journals. Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT 03536624, 24/05/2018

Pleine conscience et troubles anxio-dépressifs : Perspective neuroscientifique

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Burnout

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Viabilité des théories de la cognition incarnée dans le traitement des émotions

Ce travail de recherche a pour but d'examiner la viabilité des théories de la cognition incarnée dans le cadre de la connaissance et du traitement des émotions. Originairement développées par des chercheurs en philosophie (e.g., Churchland, Ramachadran ,& Sejnowski, 1994 ; Clark, 1997 ; Prinz, 2002 ; Varela, Thompson,& Rosch, 1991), neurosciences (Damasio, 1994 ; Décety &Chaminade, 2003 ; Gallese, 2001), psychologie cognitive ( Glenberg, 1997) et sociale (Zajonc & Markus, 1984), ces approches proposent une explication plus productive et scientifique de la représentation du sens et des processus émotionnels (e.g., mots, phrases, expressions faciales) que les approches traditionnelles désignées comme étant des approches non modales. Dans cette optique, Barsalou (1999a,1999b) a développé une théorie intégrative (i.e., les Systèmes de Symboles Perceptifs, SSP) ancrée dans la théorie des concepts incarnés, selon laquelle les concepts sont constitués des états sensoriels, moteurs et introspectifs qui surviennent lors de l'interaction directe avec les exemplaires des concepts eux-mêmes (Barsalou,1999a ; Niedenthal, Ric, & Krauth-Gruber,2002). De plus, elle offre une base théorique pour expliquer des phénomènes fondamentaux émanant de la psychologie sociale, cognitive et des neurosciences, et permet de spécifier les conditions dans lesquelles surviennent de tels phénomènes. Ceci comprend le lien entre les représentations conceptuelles et corporelles des états émotionnels, la congruence émotionnelle, ainsi que le rôle de l'imitation dans les interactions socialesCLERMONT FD-BCIU Lettr./Sci.Hum. (631132101) / SudocSudocFranceF

PTSD as the second tsunami of the SARS-Cov-2 pandemic

International audienceSince the first cases, the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) rapidly spread around the world, with hundred-thousand cases and thousands of deaths. Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a common consequence of major disasters. Exceptional epidemic situations also promoted PTSD in the past. Considering that humanity is undergoing the most severe pandemic since Spanish Influenza, the actual pandemic of COVID-19 is very likely to promote PTSD. Moreover, COVID-19 was renamed severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-Cov-2). With a poor understanding of viruses and spreading mechanisms, the evocation of SARS is generating a great anxiety contributing to promote PTSD. Quarantine of infected patients evolved to quarantine of 'infected' towns or popular districts, and then of entire countries. In the families of cases, the brutal death of family members involved a spread of fear and a loss of certainty, promoting PTSD. In the context of disaster medicine with a lack of human and technical resources, healthcare workers could also develop acute stress disorders, potentially degenerating into chronic PTSD. Globally, WHO estimates 30-50% of the population affected by a disaster suffered from diverse psychological distress. PTSD individuals are more at-risk of suicidal ideation, suicide attempt, and deaths by suicide - considering that healthcare workers are already at-risk occupations. We draw attention towards PTSD as a secondary effect of the SARS-Cov-2 pandemic, both for general population, patients, and healthcare workers. Healthcare policies need to take into account preventive strategy of PTSD, and the related risk of suicide, in forthcoming months

Improving detection of safety lighting on the basis of psychophysics

International audienceSynopsisEmergency lighting is essential for the evacuation of people from complex buildings and facilitate security operations. Nevertheless, several studies highlight the limits of the effectiveness of exit signs.BackgroundAccording to Xie et al. (2011), only 38% of people detect static security signs. Surprisingly, current standards for emergency lighting are not based on any scientific evidence or experimental validity.MethodsIn a series of experiments combining behavioral measurements, virtual reality, mouse tracking and eye tracking, we show the importance of taking into account the psychophysical properties of the human perceptual system in order to detect exit signs. The purpose of these experiments was to investigate the psychophysical characteristics of an exit sign were most likely to be detected during a visual search in a complex environment as well as in a virtual environment.ResultsIn this presentation, we will describe our experimental protocols and our first results showing a significant improvement of emergency sign detection on the basis of several basic psychophysical properties.DiscussionWe will then discuss the perspectives of this evidence-based approach regarding the possibility of creating new emergency lighting systems on the basis of the basic properties of the human visual and cognitive system

Improving detection of safety lighting on the basis of psychophysics

International audienceSynopsisEmergency lighting is essential for the evacuation of people from complex buildings and facilitate security operations. Nevertheless, several studies highlight the limits of the effectiveness of exit signs.BackgroundAccording to Xie et al. (2011), only 38% of people detect static security signs. Surprisingly, current standards for emergency lighting are not based on any scientific evidence or experimental validity.MethodsIn a series of experiments combining behavioral measurements, virtual reality, mouse tracking and eye tracking, we show the importance of taking into account the psychophysical properties of the human perceptual system in order to detect exit signs. The purpose of these experiments was to investigate the psychophysical characteristics of an exit sign were most likely to be detected during a visual search in a complex environment as well as in a virtual environment.ResultsIn this presentation, we will describe our experimental protocols and our first results showing a significant improvement of emergency sign detection on the basis of several basic psychophysical properties.DiscussionWe will then discuss the perspectives of this evidence-based approach regarding the possibility of creating new emergency lighting systems on the basis of the basic properties of the human visual and cognitive system

Improving detection of safety lighting on the basis of psychophysics

International audienceSynopsisEmergency lighting is essential for the evacuation of people from complex buildings and facilitate security operations. Nevertheless, several studies highlight the limits of the effectiveness of exit signs.BackgroundAccording to Xie et al. (2011), only 38% of people detect static security signs. Surprisingly, current standards for emergency lighting are not based on any scientific evidence or experimental validity.MethodsIn a series of experiments combining behavioral measurements, virtual reality, mouse tracking and eye tracking, we show the importance of taking into account the psychophysical properties of the human perceptual system in order to detect exit signs. The purpose of these experiments was to investigate the psychophysical characteristics of an exit sign were most likely to be detected during a visual search in a complex environment as well as in a virtual environment.ResultsIn this presentation, we will describe our experimental protocols and our first results showing a significant improvement of emergency sign detection on the basis of several basic psychophysical properties.DiscussionWe will then discuss the perspectives of this evidence-based approach regarding the possibility of creating new emergency lighting systems on the basis of the basic properties of the human visual and cognitive system

Adaptation et validation d'une tâche stressante en situation de laboratoire

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