The image of nursing, as perceived by Iranian male nurses

The stereotypical public image of nursing is a major concern for male nurses around the world. In this study, we explored how Iranian male nurses perceived the public view of nurses, and their perceptions of themselves. A qualitative descriptive design and content analysis were used to obtain data from 18 purposely-selected male hospital nurses with a baccalaureate nursing degree in Tabriz, Iran. Semistructured interviews were conducted and analyzed. Two main themes emerged: (i) the outsider's view of nursing, which referred to the participants' perceptions of their public image; and (ii) the insider's view, which related to the male nurses' perceptions of themselves. Results included personal transition into a positive professional self-image through the educational process, and continued public perception of nursing as a female profession ill-suited for a man. Strategies to improve the insider's and outsider's views of nursing are listed to help recruit and retain more Iranian male nurses

Prevalence of antibodies to BVD virus in milk tanks, dairy farms in Tabriz with history of abortions in 90-1389

Bovine viral diarrhea (BVD) is the most important bovine viral disease across the world. The virus belongs to Flavi viridae and of Pesti virus genus which causes to various syndromes. The virus affects the reproduction, respiratory, digestive, cardiovascular, immunity, lymphatic, muscular  and central nervous systems .Today, different tests (virus isolation, RT-PCR, capturing ELISA, direct and indirect ELISA  and immune fluorescence test) have be designed in order to diagnosis viral infection of cattle’s viral diarrhea. This study aimed at demonstrating the importance of the disease in cattle’s abortion of Tabriz suburb’s cattle pens in 89-90 by measurement antibody titre of produced milk. ELISA test was used in the present study since ELISA test of bulk milk is one of the diagnostic methods in cattle pens according to the regulations of counyry veterinarian organization for controlling BVD-MD disease. The results demonstrated that there were 9 positive and 11 negative samples of 20 milk samples. The results suggest that of the rate of milk tanks contamination of Tabriz suburb is about 45% in 89-90 which shows relatively 2% resistant contamination in cattle pens of the region

Salmonella contamination of eggs of native Kohgiluyeh va Boyerahmad using PCR1 techniques and the evaluation of drug resistance

Abstract Background & aim:Foodborne disease, a major health and economic problem in industrialized and non-industrialized countries.The purpose of this study was to investigate Salmonella contamination of eggs by native province kohgiloyeh va Boyerahmad by PCR and evaluation of their drug resistance. Methods: This cross-sectional study-descriptive study of 210 eggs collected from native Kohgiluyeh va Boyerahmad done. Biochemical tests for identification of bacteria was isolated. Salmonella bacteria have suspected reactions were tested by PCR with specific primers invA genes were examined. Results: The results showed that 14 number of eggs (6/66 percent) were contaminated with Salmonella genus. Dehdasht area of highest contamination and less pollution Charusa areas, Dyshmuk, Lndeh and was Basht And no significant correlation was found between the type and extent of contamination and the region.The antibiotic resistance of most resistance to penicillin (100%) was observed.This study uses data from the nineteenth and application soft ware spss version microsofte office 2007-square test and Fisher were analyzed. Significant level of p>0/05 was considered. Conclusion: Microbial agents such as Salmonella can cause food spoilage and disease are. Resistance in Salmonellais recommended to avoid the in discriminate use of antibiotics in live stock and poultry should be avoided. Key words: Salmonella,Egg,drug resistance, invA, PCR

A communication-assisted protection scheme for direct-current distribution networks

One of the major issues associated with the implementation of direct-current distribution systems is the design of a proper protection scheme. The fault current characteristics in direct-current distribution systems are quite different than those in conventional alternating-current grids. Thus, the performance of conventional protection schemes can adversely be affected, and it is necessary to modify the con-ventional protection schemes or design new protection methods for direct-current networks. This paper proposes a multi-zone differential protection scheme for direct-current distribution systems embedding distributed generators. The proposed method provides a selective and fast protection through the use of a communication link between two sides of a protected feeder. Moreover, the method provides a differential-based backup for the adjacent relays, which can enhance the protection system reliability. In addition, the method proposed in this paper also utilizes directional over-current elements to provide backup protection if the communication network fails. The effectiveness of the proposed protection scheme is evaluated through comprehensive hardware-in-the-loop simulation studies to obtain more realistic results and to investigate the impact of the communication delay. The results show that the proposed method can provide a selective and fast protection and effectively protect components of direct-current distribution systems against different types of faults.Peer ReviewedPostprint (author's final draft

Fault-tolerant control of 3-phase im drive (speed-sensor fault and open-phase fault)

In this paper, a fault-tolerant control strategy dedicated to star connected 3-phase Induction Motor (IM) is presented. The presented method is able to control 3-phase IM drive under healthy, speed-sensor fault and open-phase fault conditions. The proposed fault-tolerant control system is derived from an Extended Kalman Filter (to compensate speed-sensor fault) and two developed Field-Oriented Control (FOC) algorithms (to compensate open-phase fault). The performance demonstrated by the simulation results shows that, in comparison with conventional FOC, the proposed approach, provides an accurate vector control and good dynamic performance particularly in reduction of motor speed and torque oscillations

Analysis of physical exercises to improve physical abilities and shooting in young basketball players

The science of athlete training and physiology has an important role in developing basketball athletes, especially for teenagers. Training causes many changes, whether it is physical or internal. The aim of this study was to prepare proposed exercises to develop some physical abilities, the functional variable and two-point jump shot in young basketball players, as well as to identify the effect of the proposed exercises on some physical abilities, the functional variable and two-point jump shot. The researcher used the experimental method. A total of 20 young basketball players of Nasiriyah Basketball Club were selected to participate in the study and were classified into experimental and control groups. Data were analyzed using T-test and Pearson’s correlation. The results showed that there were statistically significant differences (p<0.05) in the pre and post-tests for some physical and functional abilities and two-point jump shot in favor of the post-tests and in both groups (experimental and control). In conclusion, this study in young basketball players confirmed that continuing training by following the scientific methods and properly graduating the exercises placed in the main section of the training unit leads to achieve the desired goal when conducting the exercises consistently

Evaluation of the Frequency and Type of Damages to the Ears, Nose and Throat in Patients Referring from Forensic Medical Centers to Ayatollah Rohani Hospital in Babol, Iran in 2012

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Currently, trauma is regarded as one of the most serious problems in societies, resulting in irreversible damages and injuries in individuals. Trauma as a result of assault, injury or accident is of grave significance, especially in developing countries. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the frequency and type of injuries to the ears, nose, and throat in patients referring from forensic medical centers to Ayatollah Rohani Hospital in Babol, Iran. METHODS: In this cross-sectional study, patients referring from Babol forensic medical centers were examined by an otolaryngologist in 2013. In this study, the cause and type of damages, as well as demographic characteristics, were collected and recorded in a checklist.  FINDINGS: In total, 238 cases were included in this study. The mean age of participants was 35.40±11.58 years. The majority of subjects were within the age range of 18-44 years. Ear damage was one of the common complaints in 146 subjects (61.34%). Overall, 94 cases (39.5%) had left ear injuries, 35 cases (14.7%) had right ear injuries and 17 cases had experienced damages to both ears. Dispute and assault were the major causes of hospital admission in 158 patients. CONCLUSION: According to the results of this study, the highest incidence of trauma was reported in young individuals because of dispute and assault. Therefore, the dispute and assault are decreased in youths by preventing the effective agents

DC Distribution Networks: A Solution for Integration of Distributed Generation Systems. A Solution for Integration of Distributed Generation Systems.

The employment of renewable energy systems (RES) such as wind energy systems and photovoltaic (PV) systems is increasing in electrical networks. The integration of these RESs and the other types of distributed generations (DGs) has introduced new opportunities and challenges in conventional distribution networks. Most renewable energy-based DGs are interfaced to alternating current (AC) grids through power electronic converters that include an AC-to-DC conversion stage. Therefore using direct current (DC) distribution systems can contribute to reduce the total cost and loss of the system, as the power conversion stages are decreased. On the other hand, consequent to the recent developments in power electronics devices, new efficient converters have developed that facilitate the construction of DC switchgears and networks. Consequently, due to the advantages of DC distribution systems, they have attracted considerable attention over the last few years and they are introduced as an alternative for AC systems in future commercial and industrial grids. Besides the advantages of DC networks, there are serious concerns about their worldwide usage. Protection, control, and network designing are the main key issues associated with these grids. In this chapter, the specifications of DC distribution networks and their advantages for DGs integration are described. Furthermore, the issues related to the protection and control of these networks and the already presented solutions are discussed. The chapter also includes several numerical examples to facilitate the understanding of the presented concepts

Studying the effect of vitamin d on the intensity of torsional nystagmus in Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) in Rohani hospital of Babol

Background: Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) is the most common cause of vertigo and nystagmus in clinics. Vertigo has many causes and the recurrence of vertigo is unknown. Among a lot of factors, vitamin D deficiency is more important. This study was conducted to determine the effect of vitamin D supplementation on torsional nystagmus in BPPV patients. This study wants to show the deficiency of vitamin D leads to the recurrence of BPPV. Methods: This case-control study was conducted from April 2017 to May 2018. All eligible patients with BPPV were presented to the Audiology clinic of Babol Rouhani hospital consecutively. Diagnosis of BPPV and the presence of nystagmus were confirmed and serum vitamin D was assessed. Dix-halpike maneuver and videonystagmography (VNG) for assessing nystagmus were done and for serologic assessment, ELISA was performed for analyzing the level of hydroxy 25 vitamin D.Vitamin D sufficient patients (more than 20 ng/ml) with BPPV were considered as the control group and vitamin D deficient patients (less than 20 ng/ml) were as the test group. In all the patients of two groups, torsional nystagmus (vertical, horizontal and oblique) were studied and compared. Results: Twenty-seven patients in each group have completed the study. The mean age of the control group and test group was 48.2+4.8, 47.8+5.7 and 47.2+4.9 years respectively (P=0.91). Two groups were comparable regarding nystagmus severity. All patients had at least two attacks During the last six months. The mean of serum 25 OHD was 33.81 in the control group and 11.41 in the test group that was statistically significant (P=0.001 for all) and the severity of torsional nystagmus in three axes of horizontal, vertical and oblique in the control group was 4.98, 9.06, 5.40 respectively and 3.32, 8.86, 6.93 in the test group that was statistically significant as compared with the control group (P=0.001). Conclusion: Findings of this study indicate a relationship between vitamin D deficiency and recurrence of nystagmus in BPPV patients. © 2021 Tehran University of Medical Sciences. All rights reserved