67 research outputs found
Mineralogy of oxygen-rich dust shells
Wetensch. publicatieFaculteit der Wiskunde en Natuurwetenschappe
Prospects for Studies of Stellar Evolution and Stellar Death in the JWST Era
I review the prospects for studies of the advanced evolutionary stages of
low-, intermediate- and high-mass stars by the JWST and concurrent facilities,
with particular emphasis on how they may help elucidate the dominant
contributors to the interstellar dust component of galaxies. Observations
extending from the mid-infrared to the submillimeter can help quantify the
heavy element and dust species inputs to galaxies from AGB stars. JWST's MIRI
mid-infrared instrument will be so sensitive that observations of the dust
emission from individual intergalactic AGB stars and planetary nebulae in the
Virgo Cluster will be feasible. The Herschel Space Observatory will enable the
last largely unexplored spectral region, the far-IR to the submillimeter, to be
surveyed for new lines and dust features, while SOFIA will cover the wavelength
gap between JWST and Herschel, a spectral region containing important fine
structure lines, together with key water-ice and crystalline silicate bands.
Spitzer has significantly increased the number of Type II supernovae that have
been surveyed for early-epoch dust formation but reliable quantification of the
dust contributions from massive star supernovae of Type II, Type Ib and Type Ic
to low- and high-redshift galaxies should come from JWST MIRI observations,
which will be able to probe a volume over 1000 times larger than Spitzer.Comment: 24 pages, 19 figures. To appear in `Astrophysics in the Next Decade:
JWST and Concurrent Facilities' (JWST Conference Proceedings), edited by H.
A. Thronson, M. Stiavelli and A. G. G. M. Tielens; Springer Series:
Astrophysics and Space Science Proceeding
European Space Agency experiments on thermodiffusion of fluid mixtures in space
Abstract.: This paper describes the European Space Agency (ESA) experiments devoted to study thermodiffusion of fluid mixtures in microgravity environment, where sedimentation and convection do not affect the mass flow induced by the Soret effect. First, the experiments performed on binary mixtures in the IVIDIL and GRADFLEX experiments are described. Then, further experiments on ternary mixtures and complex fluids performed in DCMIX and planned to be performed in the context of the NEUF-DIX project are presented. Finally, multi-component mixtures studied in the SCCO project are detailed
Dust in Supernovae and Supernova Remnants I : Formation Scenarios
Supernovae are considered as prime sources of dust in space. Observations of local supernovae over the past couple of decades have detected the presence of dust in supernova ejecta. The reddening of the high redshift quasars also indicate the presence of large masses of dust in early galaxies. Considering the top heavy IMF in the early galaxies, supernovae are assumed to be the major contributor to these large amounts of dust. However, the composition and morphology of dust grains formed in a supernova ejecta is yet to be understood with clarity. Moreover, the dust masses inferred from observations in mid-infrared and submillimeter wavelength regimes differ by two orders of magnitude or more. Therefore, the mechanism responsible for the synthesis of molecules and dust in such environments plays a crucial role in studying the evolution of cosmic dust in galaxies. This review summarises our current knowledge of dust formation in supernova ejecta and tries to quantify the role of supernovae as dust producers in a galaxy.Peer reviewe
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