9,973 research outputs found
AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS STUDENTS AT SOUTHERN LAND GRANT UNIVERSITIES
Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession,
Timing performance of 30-nm-wide superconducting nanowire avalanche photodetectors
We investigated the timing jitter of superconducting nanowire avalanche
photodetectors (SNAPs, also referred to as cascade switching superconducting
single photon detectors) based on 30-nm-wide nanowires. At bias currents (IB)
near the switching current, SNAPs showed sub 35 ps FWHM Gaussian jitter similar
to standard 100 nm wide superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors. At
lower values of IB, the instrument response function (IRF) of the detectors
became wider, more asymmetric, and shifted to longer time delays. We could
reproduce the experimentally observed IRF time-shift in simulations based on an
electrothermal model, and explain the effect with a simple physical picture
Acoustic phonon scattering in a low density, high mobility AlGaN/GaN field effect transistor
We report on the temperature dependence of the mobility, , of the
two-dimensional electron gas in a variable density AlGaN/GaN field effect
transistor, with carrier densities ranging from 0.4 cm to
3.0 cm and a peak mobility of 80,000 cm/Vs. Between
20 K and 50 K we observe a linear dependence T
indicating that acoustic phonon scattering dominates the temperature dependence
of the mobility, with being a monotonically increasing function of
decreasing 2D electron density. This behavior is contrary to predictions of
scattering in a degenerate electron gas, but consistent with calculations which
account for thermal broadening and the temperature dependence of the electron
screening. Our data imply a deformation potential D = 12-15 eV.Comment: 3 pages, 2 figures, RevTeX. Submitted to Appl Phys Let
Rethinking the QCD collisional energy loss
It is shown that to leading order the collisional energy loss of an energetic
parton in the hot quark gluon plasma reads , where
the scale of the coupling is determined by the (parametrically soft) Debye
screening mass. Compared to previous expressions derived by Bjorken and other
authors, , the rectified result takes
into account the running of the coupling, as dictated by quantum corrections
beyond tree level. As one significant consequence, due to asymptotic freedom,
the QCD collisional energy loss becomes independent of the jet energy in the
limit . It is advocated that this resummation improved perturbative
result might be useful to (re-)estimate the collisional energy loss for
temperatures relevant in heavy ion phenomenology.Comment: contribution to "Hot Quarks 2006", Villasimius, Italy, 15-20 May 200
Frequency analysis of the first-overtone RR Lyrae stars based on the Extended Aperture Photometry from the K2 data
Additional low-amplitude signals are observed in many RR Lyrae stars, beside
the pulsations in radial modes. The most common ones are short-period signals
forming a period ratio of around 0.60--0.65 with the first overtone, or
long-period signals forming a period ratio of around 0.68. The RR Lyrae stars
may also exhibit quasi-periodic modulation of the light curves, known as the
Blazhko effect. We used the extensive sample of the first-overtone RR Lyrae
stars observed by the Kepler telescope during the K2 mission to search for and
characterize these low-amplitude additional signals. K2 data provides
space-based photometry for a statistically significant sample. Hence this data
is excellent to study in detail pulsation properties of RR Lyrae stars. We used
K2 space-based photometry for RR Lyrae candidates from Campaigns 0-19. We
selected RR Lyrae stars pulsating in the first overtone and performed a
frequency analysis for each star to characterize their frequency contents. We
classified 452 stars as first-overtone RR Lyrae. From that sample, we selected
281 RR stars, 67 RR stars, and 68 Blazhko stars. We found
particularly interesting stars which show all of the above phenomena
simultaneously. We detected signals in RR stars that form period
ratios lower than observed for the majority of stars. These signals likely form
a new sequence in the Petersen diagram, around a period ratio of 0.60. In 32
stars we detected additional signals that form a period ratio close to that
expected in RRd stars, but the classification of these stars as RRd is
uncertain. We also report a discovery of additional signals in eight stars that
form a new group in the Petersen diagram around the period ratio of
0.465-0.490. The nature of this periodicity remains unknown.Comment: 29 pages, 29 figures, 4 tables, accepted for publication in A&A, full
tables are available upon request before publicatio
R&D results on a CsI-TTGEM based photodetector
The very high momentum particle identification detector proposed for the
ALICE upgrade is a focusing RICH using a C4F10 gaseous radiator. For the
detection of Cherenkov photons, one of the options currently under
investigation is to use a CsI coated Triple-Thick-GEM (CsI-TTGEM) with metallic
or resistive electrodes. We will present results from the laboratory studies as
well as preliminary results of beam tests of a RICH detector prototype
consisting of a CaF2 radiator coupled to a 10x10 cm2 CsI-TTGEM equipped with a
pad readout and GASSIPLEX-based front-end electronics. With such a prototype
the detection of Cherenkov photons simultaneously with minimum ionizing
particles has been achieved for the first time in a stable operation mode
Numerical Modelling of Instantaneous Plate Tectonics
Assuming lithospheric plates to be rigid, we systematically invert 68 spreading rates, 62 fracture zones trends and 10^6 earthquake slip vectors simultaneously to obtain a self-consistent model of instantaneous relative motions for eleven major plates. The inverse problem is linearized and solved iteratively by a maximum likelihood procedure. Because the uncertainties in the data are small, Gaussian statistics are shown to be adequate. The use of a linear theory permits (1) the calculation of the uncertainties in the various angular velocity vectors caused by uncertainties in the data, and (2) quantitative examination of the distribution of information within the data set.
The existence of a self-consistent model satisfying all the data is strong justification of the rigid plate assumption. Slow movement between North and South America is shown to be resolvable.
We then invert the trends of 20 linear island chains and aseismic ridges under the assumptions that they represent the directions of plate motions over a set of hot spots fixed with respect to each other. We conclude that these hot spots have had no significant relative motions in the last 10 My
Mach Cones in Viscous Matter
Employing a microscopic transport model we investigate the evolution of high
energetic jets moving through a viscous medium. For the scenario of an
unstoppable jet we observe a clearly strong collective behavior for a low
dissipative system , leading to the observation of
cone-like structures. Increasing the dissipation of the system to the Mach Cone structure vanishes. Furthermore, we investigate
jet-associated particle correlations. A double-peak structure, as observed in
experimental data, is even for low-dissipative systems not supported, because
of the large influence of the head shock.Comment: 4 pages, 3 figures, to appear in the conference proceedings of Hot
Quarks 201
Unilateral Cleavage Furrows in Multinucleate Cells
Multinucleate cells can be produced inDictyosteliumby electric pulse-induced fusion. In these cells, unilateral cleavage furrows are formed at spaces between areas that are controlled by aster microtubules. A peculiarity of unilateral cleavage furrows is their propensity to join laterally with other furrows into rings to form constrictions. This means cytokinesis is biphasic in multinucleate cells, the final abscission of daughter cells being independent of the initial direction of furrow progression. Myosin-II and the actin filament cross-linking protein cortexillin accumulate in unilateral furrows, as they do in the normal cleavage furrows of mononucleate cells. In a myosin-II-null background, multinucleate or mononucleate cells were produced by cultivation either in suspension or on an adhesive substrate. Myosin-II is not essential for cytokinesis either in mononucleate or in multinucleate cells but stabilizes and confines the position of the cleavage furrows. In fused wild-type cells, unilateral furrows ingress with an average velocity of 1.7 mu m x min(-1), with no appreciable decrease of velocity in the course of ingression. In multinucleate myosin-II-null cells, some of the furrows stop growing, thus leaving space for the extensive broadening of the few remaining furrows
Afterpulsing and instability in superconducting nanowire avalanche photodetectors
We investigated the reset time of superconducting nanowire avalanche photodetectors (SNAPs) based on 30 nm wide nanowires. We studied the dependence of the reset time of SNAPs on the device inductance and discovered that SNAPs can provide a speed-up relative to superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors with the same area but with some limitations: (1) Reducing the series inductance of SNAPs (necessary for the avalanche formation) could result in the detectors operating in an unstable regime, (2) a trade-off exists between maximizing the bias current margin and minimizing the reset time of SNAPs, and (3) reducing the reset time of SNAPs below ∼1 ns resulted in afterpulsing.United States. Intelligence Advanced Research Projects ActivityUnited States. Air Force (Air Force Contract No. FA8721-05-C-0002)United States. Dept. of Energy. Center for Excitonics (Award No. DE-SC0001088
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