Razlika u infestaciji krpeljima: Hyalomma dromedarii i Rhipicephalus sanguineus sensu lato na jugu Alžira

The aim of this study was to identify the species and parasitic indices of ticks. A flock of 57 individuals (sheep, goats, cattle and dogs) in southern Algeria was studied from March 2019 to February 2020 during monthly visits. A total of 2544 ticks were collected by examining the entire body of the animal. Two tick species were identified: Hyalomma dromedarii (2430 ticks) and Rhipicephalus sanguineus sensu lato (114 ticks). The first species had annual activity and consisted only of adults, while the second species had spring and summer activity and contained both adults and nymphs. At the annual level, the prevalence of infestation, abundance, and intensity were 38.60%, 44.63 and 115.64 ticks per animal, respectively. At the monthly level there were species specific fluctuations, with a peak in activity in September.Ova je studija provedena na jugu Alžira u svrhu identifikacije vrste i parazitskih indeksa krpelja, a proučavano je stado u vremenskom razdoblju od ožujka 2019. do veljače 2020. uz učestalu posjetu jednom mjesečno. Ispitivanjem cijelog tijela životinje prikupljena su ukupno 2544 krpelja ispitivanjem cijelog tijela životinje. Identificirane su dvije vrste krpelja: Hyalomma dromedarii (2430 krpelja) i Rhipicephalus sanguineus sensu lato (114 krpelja). Prva vrsta bila je aktivna cijelu godinu i sadržavala je samo odrasle jedinke, dok je druga vrsta bila aktivna u proljeće i jesen i sadržala je i odrasle i nimfe. Pojavnost infestacije, brojnost i intenzitet bili su 38,60 %, 44,63, odnosno 115,64 krpelja godišnje po životinji. Na mjesečnoj razini te ovisno o vrsti životinje, bilo je fluktuacija, s vrhuncem aktivnosti u rujnu

Class III malocclusion: missense mutations in DUSP6 gene

Objective: To determine the DUSP6 gene mutation in three generations of Malaysian Malay subjects having Class III malocclusion. Material and Methods: Genetic analyses of DUSP6 gene were carried out in 30 subjects by selecting three individuals representing three generations, respectively, from ten Malaysian Malay families having Class III malocclusion and 30 healthy controls. They were submitted Clinical Evaluation to clinical examination, lateral cephalometric radiographs, dental casts, and/ or facial and intra-oral photographs. Buccal cell was taken from each participant of Class III malocclusion and control groups. DNA extractions from buccal cell were carried out using Gentra puregene buccal cell kit. Bio Edit Sequence Alignment Editor software was used to see the sequencing result. Results: A heterozygous missense mutation c.1094C>T (p. Thr 365 Ile) was identified in DUSP6 gene in three members of one family with Class III malocclusion, whereas no mutation was found in the control group. Conclusion: Current study successfully identified a missense mutation in DUSP6 gene among one Malaysian Malay family affected by Class III malocclusion. The outcome of this study broadened the mutation spectrum of Class III malocclusion and the importance of DUSP6 gene in skeletal functions

Studija helminta u ovaca u Laghouat regiji u južnom Alžiru

The objective of this study was to detect helminths in sheep on farms in three different zones of the Laghouat region, and to examine relationships between the prevalence of these parasites and the factors of age, sex, and area. The study was carried out over a period of four months (March to June 2019) on 77 faecal samples taken from 77 sheep. For this purpose, we used both a qualitative technique (flotation) and a quantitative technique (Mac Master). These two techniques allowed us to isolate helminths and determine the degree of infestation of sheep in the steppe region, specifically the Laghouat region. The results showed that the sheep flock studied overall was negative, with the exception of eight subjects infected with Nematodirus or Strongyloides at a rate of 7.49% each. The helminth parasite prevalence was 10.40%. Statistical analysis of the influence of specific factors revealed no significant effect (P˃0.05) for sex, though the effects of age and area were significant (P<0.05). This parasite prevalence must be taken seriously to avoid its detrimental effect on animal health and the zootechnical performance of sheep flocks.Cilj ovoga rada je bio istražiti helminte na farmama ovaca u tri različite zone Laghouat regije, kao i proučiti vezu između prevalencije tih parazita i određenih čimbenika poput dobi, spola i područja. Naša studija provedena je tijekom razdoblja od 4 mjeseca (od ožujka do lipnja 2019. godine) na 77 uzoraka fecesa uzetih od 77 ovaca. U ove smo svrhe rabili kvalitativnu tehniku flotacije i drugu, kvantitativnu tehniku - Mac Master. Ove dvije tehnike omogućile su nam izdvojiti helminte i odrediti stupanj infestacije ovaca u stepskoj regiji, ili preciznije u regiji Laghouat. Podatci su pokazali da je proučavano stado ovaca pretežito bilo negativno uz izuzetak 8 jedinki u kojih je otkrivena prisutnost parazita Nematodirus i Strongyloides u postotku od 7,49 % za svaku vrstu. Prevalencija parazita helminta bila je 10,40 %. Statistička analiza utjecaja određenih čimbenika otkrila je da spol nije imao značajnijeg učinka (P˃0,05). Međutim, učinak dobi i područja uzorkovanja bio je značajan (P<0,05). Zaključno, zabilježenu prevalenciju parazita potrebno je ozbiljno razmotriti da bi se izbjegao negativni učinak na zdravlje životinja i zootehničke pokazatelje stada ovaca

Changes in moderately low birthweight infant feeding, care, and health outcomes before compared to during the COVID-19 pandemic in Malawi

Background: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and the measures taken to minimise its spread have significantly impacted mother- and infant-related healthcare. We describe the changes in newborn feeding, lactation support, and growth outcomes before compared to during the COVID-19 pandemic among moderately low birthweight infants (LBW) (1.5 to <2.5kg) in Malawi. Methods: The data presented here are part of the Low Birthweight Infant Feeding Exploration (LIFE) study, a formative, multisite, mixed methods observational cohort study. In this analysis, we included infants born at two public hospitals in Lilongwe, Malawi between 18 October 2019 and 29 July 2020. We categorised births as "pre-COVID-19 period" (before 1 April 2020) and "during COVID-19 period" (on or after 2 April 2020) and used descriptive statistics and mixed effects models to examine differences in birth complications, lactation support, feeding, and growth outcomes between the two time periods. Results: We included 300 infants and their mothers (n = 273) in the analysis. Most infants (n = 240) were born during the pre-COVID-19 period; 60 were born during the pandemic period. The latter group had a lower prevalence of uncomplicated births (35.8%) compared to pre-pandemic period group (16.7%) (P = 0.004). Fewer mothers reported early initiation of breastfeeding in the pandemic period (27.2%) compared to the pre-pandemic period (14.6%) (P = 0.053), along with significantly less breastfeeding support, particularly in view of discussion of proper latching (44.9% during COVID-19 vs 72.7% pre-COVID-19; P < 0.001) and physical support with positioning (14.3% vs 45.5% pre-COVID-19 P < 0.001). At 10 weeks of age, the prevalence of stunting was 51.0% pre-COVID-19 vs 45.1% during COVID-19 (P = 0.46), the prevalence of underweight was 22.5% pre-COVID-19 vs 30.4% during COVID-19 (P = 0.27), and the prevalence of wasting was 0% pre-COVID-19 vs 2.5% during COVID-19 (P = 0.27). Conclusions: Our findings highlight the continued need to optimise early initiation of breastfeeding and lactation support for infants during COVID-19 and future pandemics. More studies are needed to evaluate the long-term outcomes of moderately LBW born during the COVID-19 pandemic (including growth outcomes) and determine the impact of restrictive measures on access to lactation support and promotion of early initiation of breastfeeding

Comportement electrochimique de quelques dithiole-1.2 thiones-3, dithiole-1.2 ones-3 et cations methylthio-3 dithiole-1.2 y luim

SIGLECNRS T Bordereau / INIST-CNRS - Institut de l'Information Scientifique et TechniqueFRFranc

Radiation-induced grafting of styrene onto poly(tetrafluoroethylene) (PTFE) films. I. Effect of grafting conditions and properties of the grafted films

Radiation-induced grafting of styrene onto poly(tetra¯uoroethylene) (PTFE) films was studied by a simultaneous irradiation technique. Grafting was carried out using g-radiation from a 60Co source at dose rates of 1.32±15.0kGyhÿ1 at room temperature. The effects of type of diluent, dose rate, irradiation dose, and the initial monomer concentration in the grafting solution on the degree of grafting were investigated. The degree of grafting was found to be strongly dependent upon the grafting conditions. The dependence of the initial rate of grafting on the dose rate and the initial monomer concentration in the grafting solution was found to be in the order of 0.6 and 1.7, respectively. The chemical structure and the crystallinity of the grafted PTFE films were studied by means of Fouriertransform infrared, (FTIR), electron spectroscopy for chemical analysis (ESCA) and X-ray diffractometry (XRD)

Prevalence of gastrointestinal parasitism infections in cattle of Bass Kabylie area: Case of Bejaia province, Algeria

The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence, identification of species and the dynamics of gastrointestinal (GI) parasites during humid and dry seasons in local cattle of different ages. The study was carried out in the Province of Bejaia, Algeria from December 2013 to June 2014. A total of 143 fecal samples were collected from different cattle herds. Fecal samples were visually examined then observed using flotation and sedimentation microscopic techniques. Eggs and worms were identified according to standard procedures. 63% of the cattle examined were found positive with one or more parasite species. Our results revealed that the eggs of Eimeria spp. are predominant (43.87%) followed by Strongylus spp. (30.32%) and Fasciola hepatica (12.25%). Eggs of Strongyloides papillosus, Moniezia benedeni, Paramphistomum daubneyi. and Toxocara vitulorum represent 1.29%, 1.93%, 1.93% and 6.45%, respectively. There is a significant difference between the sex of the animal and the prevalence rate of Strongyle spp. and Eimeria spp. (P< 0.01). As for the body condition score, there is a statically significant (P< 0.01) difference between the prevalence rate of GI parasite and the nutritional status of cattle. In conclusion, our preliminary investigation demonstrated highly prevalent and that abundance of the polyparasitism nature of the disease in Bass Kabylie area. Also, there was a relationship between the distribution of GI parasitism in cattle and the factors analyzed (body condition score, age and sex). Further studies are need for planning future research and to design rational and sustainable locally GI parasites control programmes

Electrochemical, spectroscopic and molecular docking studies of 4-methyl-5-((phenylimino)methyl)-3H- and 5-(4-fluorophenyl)-3H-1,2-dithiole-3-thione interacting with DNA

<p>Cyclic voltammetry (CV) and UV–Visible spectroscopy (UV–Vis) techniques were used to calculate binding parameters of 4-methyl-5-((phenylimino)methyl)-3H-1,2-dithiole-3-thione (MPDT) and 5-(4-fluorophenyl)-3H-1,2-dithiole-3-thione (FPDT) with DNA. The results obtained from both techniques were confirmed by computational molecular docking using AutoDock molecular docking software. The anodic peak potential shift in CV indicated an intercalative mode of binding. The binding constants (M⁻¹) of the adducts MPDT-DNA and FPDT-DNA obtained from voltammetric measurements were found to be 8.0 × 10⁴ and 2.4 × 10⁴, respectively, with binding free energy being −27.99 and −25.01 KJ mol⁻¹, respectively. These results are in good agreement with those obtained from UV–Visible spectroscopic studies. The diffusion coefficients of MPDT and FPDT (2.06 × 10⁻¹⁰ and 2.42 × 10⁻⁹, respectively) were found to be higher than those of DNA-bound compounds (1.27 × 10⁻¹⁰ and 1.65 × 10⁻⁹ cm²/s, respectively). The binding free energy of MPDT and FPDT to DNA was also calculated by molecular docking study. The docking study gave excellent approximation with experimental results, shedding light on the sites of binding.</p

Genetic mutation and its effect on craniofacial morphology in Malaysian family with class III malocclusion

Objectives: Class III malocclusion is a dominant inherited, slowly progressive dento-skeletal disharmony. It is characterized by over growth of mandible, stunted growth of maxilla, or a combination of both. The aetiology of class III malocclusion and the role of genes in this phenotype remain indistinct. The main objective of this study was to determine the DUSP6 gene mutation in three generations of a Malaysian Malay family having class III malocclusion and to conduct their cephalometric analyses. Methods: Genetic analyses of DUSP6 gene were carried out in a family with three individuals representing three generations 30 healthy control. Cephalometric radiographs were obtained from class III malocclusion subjects and pre-determined cephalometric linear and angular measurements were performed using Romexis software. t-test was used to analyse the cephalometric measurements compared with the cephalometric norm for class III malocclusion in Malaysia. Results: a heterozygous missense mutation c.1094C>T (p. Thr 365 Ile) was identified in DUSP6 gene in all three members of the family with class III malocclusion. Whereas, no mutation found in control group. t-tests showed significant differences in angular measurements Co-Gn-B and SN-MP variables in mutation group compared to the class III malocclusion norm. Conclusions: The outcome of this study broadened the mutation spectrum of class III malocclusion and the importance of DUSP6 gene in craniofacial morphology