Classification of frontal alpha asymmetry using k-Nearest Neighbor

Frontal alpha asymmetry is used as the EEG feature in this study. Total number of 43 students participated in EEG data collections of relax and non-relax conditions. The spectral power of the alpha band for both left and right brain are extracted using data segmentations and then the Asymmetry Score (AS) is computed. Subtractive clustering is used to predetermine the number of cluster center that are presented in the data. While Fuzzy C-Means (FCM), is used to discriminate the EEG data into an appropriate cluster after the total number of cluster had been determined. The classification rate obtained from the k-Nearest Neighbor (k-NN) classifier is 84.62% which gives the highest classification rate

Gas dehydration using glycol solution in absorption and adsorption unit

Gas dehydration is widely used in natural gas treatment plant as a common process, because water and hydrocarbons can form hydrates, which may block valve and pipelines. Water also can cause corrosion in the gas contain acid components. Until today, among the most popular dehydration technology is either absorption or adsorption process. In this research, a novel study on gas dehydration a combination of absorption and adsorption process, where tri-ethylene glycol (TEG) and silica gel are absorbent and adsorbent respectively. A laboratory absorption-adsorption unit is studied in terms of natural gas (methane) flow rate and operating temperature to the percentage of water removal. The experimental work started at room temperature by controlling the valve of methane flow rate at 2.5 m3/hr initially and then allows the gas through the absorption-adsorption unit. Meanwhile, tri-ethylene glycol (TEG) flows at 120 L/hr from a circulation pump. Experiment was repeated with different methane flow rates and different operating temperature in the range of 30oC until 50oC. Experimental results showed that, increasing of methane flow rate causes increasing of water removal while increasing of operating temperature give a result of decreasing of water removal. Thus, in analyzing the gas dehydration efficiency, in an absorption-adsorption unit, parameters such as gas (methane) flow rate and operating temperature are among to be considered for a reliability and economic benefit.-Author

Chicken Embryo as Model for Effects of Nnitrosodimethylamine Using Morphology, Haematology and Proteomic Analyses During Embryogenesis

This study was carried out to investigate the developmental toxicity effects of an established carcinogen namely N-Nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA) and its administration method on the early and mid embryogenesis of chicken. The study was also conducted to test the suitability of chicken embryo in its early and mid embryogenesis stages as a model for developmental toxicity test. Fertilized eggs were divided into three groups (control (untreated), control vehicle and NDMAtreated) with six eggs in each group and incubated at 37.5ºC for 11 different incubation times. Several methods and techniques were modified, optimized and developed prior to be used in the analyses. The effect of NDMA was assessed based on gross morphological (early and mid embryogenesis), haematological (only in mid embryogenesis) and proteomic (early embryogenesis) analyses of the developing chicken embryos. The newly developed method and technique, i.e., Adobe Photoshop gross morphological measurement method and isoelectric focusing (IEF) tube gel labeling technique were optimized and applied throughout this study. The normal development and growth of the chicken embryos in the early and mid embryogenesis were found to be severely affected by NDMA as indicated by gross morphological and haematological data. Malformations in the development of embryos and failure of peripheral blood vessels formation (angiogenesis) in their yolk sac were visibly apparent for NDMA-treated group. The administration method of NDMA did not affect the normal chicken embryos early and mid embryogenesis as there were no significant (p>0.05) difference between control and control vehicle groups in all of the gross morphological and haematological parameters tested. Around 100 to 180 protein spots were resolved on the 2DE gels in the control, control vehicle and NDMA-treated groups. A total of six most remarkably expressed protein out of 51 identified proteins were found to be directly or indirectly involved in NDMA possible angiogenesis inhibition and/or hematotoxic effect in the early chicken embryogenesis. These six proteins were identified as PIT54, VEGF-D, ApoA1, unnamed protein product of IgY, TBP-like protein 1 and Kelch-like protein 7, respectively. The PIT54, VEGF-D, and ApoA1 proteins seemed to be directly affected by the NDMA metabolite (s) or by its (their) angiogenesis inhibition effect. The unnamed protein product of IgY, TBP-like protein 1 and Kelch-like protein 7 which seemed to be indirectly affected by NDMA, were closely interrelated with each other and simultaneously upregulated only in the control group at 72 and 96 hours of incubation. At the proteome level, the in ovo administration method of NDMA seemed to affect the embryos by suppressing their normal responses to the possibly adverse IgY-antigens interaction. This as indicated by the downregulation of the unnamed protein product of IgY and its interrelated proteins (TBP-like protein 1 and Kelch-like protein 7) in the control vehicle group of embryos. It is uncertain whether this effect is harmful or not to the general chicken embryo development and growth since the gross morphological and haematological results showed no observable effect of this administration method. However, any disturbance to the normal cellular response should be taken into a serious consideration. In conclusion, NDMA in its normal carcinogenic dosage could potentially cause developmental toxicity in the early and mid embryogenesis of chicken through its possible primary role as an angiogenesis inhibitor and/or secondary role as a hematotoxicant. The in ovo administration method of NDMA using sterile dionized water is evident not to adversely affect the normal physical development and growth of the embryos in their early and mid embryogenesis. However, it seemed to affect the expression of certain proteins at proteome level. Therefore, it is a must for any future study involving this in ovo administration method to also include the control vehicle in their experimental designs to avoid false positive results that might arise from the administration method itself. It is also evident from this study that chicken embryo in its early and mid embryogenesis stages is a suitable model for developmental toxicity test

The Effect of Paraffinic Mineral Oil Lubrication in Cold Forward Extrusion

This paper presents the results of cold forward extrusion modelling and the analysis of the contact sliding behaviour on the die-billet surface by paraffinic mineral oil lubrication with kinematic viscosity of 92 mm2/s at 40 °C. The analysis dealt with the plasticity flow that was investigated by finite element method in order to identify the loads acting on the billet. The finite element analysis of stresses was performed based on load distributions calculated from experimental test. The time behaviour of the displacements on the billet was then used as inputs for the extrusion model. The present method provided good results with reduced computation time. The results of the extrusion model revealed that the zones of high stress situated at the sharp edges of the die, which explains the observed extrusion force to reach a peak value

The Effect of Paraffinic Mineral Oil Lubrication in Cold Forward Extrusion

This paper presents the results of cold forward extrusion modelling and the analysis of the contact sliding behaviour on the die-billet surface by paraffinic mineral oil lubrication with kinematic viscosity of 92 mm2/s at 40 °C. The analysis dealt with the plasticity flow that was investigated by finite element method in order to identify the loads acting on the billet. The finite element analysis of stresses was performed based on load distributions calculated from experimental test. The time behaviour of the displacements on the billet was then used as inputs for the extrusion model. The present method provided good results with reduced computation time. The results of the extrusion model revealed that the zones of high stress situated at the sharp edges of the die, which explains the observed extrusion force to reach a peak value

Modal sosial dalam mempertingkatkan daya saing firma perusahaan kecil dan sederhana (PKS)

Past studies revealed that social capital is vital for the development of Small and Medium Enterprises (SME). However, the empirics of social capital still suffer to prove how its relates to the firm’s success. The aim of this article is to analyse the relations of social capital and the level of firm competitiveness using networking and firm technical efficiency indicators. Based on data collected from the field works studies on Malay bumiputera entrepreneurs in Peninsular Malaysia, the finding shows the significant influence of social capital on the firm’s competitiveness level

Video Enhancement using Grid Computing

This paper describes the implementation of video enhancement program on grid computers. The implementation is focus on the enhancement of video brightness, contrast and hue of the video. Using the project, we can adjust the quality of the video manually as we like. We can have brighter video but not too bright as the color should soothes our sight. The video quality is important as people are happier and more satisfied with high video quality. To make this project a success, a research have to be conducted to collect the information needed for the project. Before begin the programming part, I have to make detailed planning. There will be a lot of research need to be done. Firstly, I need to do research on extracting A VI file to frames. Then I have to do research on grid computing. There are several grids computing environment which used different kind of programming languages. Then I have to integrate assemble the extraction coding and the grid computing coding together. Throughout the period of research and development, Spiral Development Methodology was use as the main methodology as it provides the flexibility needed for the project

Simulation study of welding joint by using SYSWELD / Mohd Shahar Sulaiman

In this study, the distortion of multipasses welding have been analysed using Finite Element Analy-sis (FEA) simulation method. Due to the extensive capabilities and dedicated tools for the simula-tion of welding, which include material deposit via element activation or deactivation and prede-fined or customized moving heat sources, SYSWELD was chosen as the FEA software. Compared to other FEA software SYSWELD is design specifically for welding process and it is hope that by using SYSWELD the behavior of multipasses welding process can be predicted. The simulation be-gins with the selection of heat source model represented by the Goldak's double ellipsoid model which is within the code. The parameters of this model were defined by the welding speed, electri-cal power, type of the material and thickness of the material being used. The model is dedicated for multipasses welding techniques using Gas Metal Arc Welding (GMAW) process which is commonly applied in fabrication industry. The SYSWELD software is used to simulate GMAW process on mild steel plates through butt joint. The study describes the heat source fitting, mechanical and thermal analyses of the multipasses welding. The study also been done to investigate the step by step methodology of multipasses welding analysis. The optimum process parameters especially clamping conditions for the multipasses welding process will be investigated to minimize distortion

Tahap Kognitif Pelajar Tingkatan Empat Di Sekolah Menengah Di Dalam Daerah Kluang Johor Berdasarkan Taksonomi Bloom Dalam Mata Pelajaran Sains

Kajian ini bertujuan untuk mengukur tahap kognitif pelajar pada aras pengetahuan, aras kefahaman dan aras aplikasi berdasarkan Taksonomi Bloom bagi pelajar Tingkatan Empat di sekolah menengah di dalam Daerah Kluang Johor. Soal selidik yang mengandungi 30 soalan objektif digunakan untuk mengumpul data yang diedarkan secara rawak kepada 102 orang pelajar Tingkatan Empat di tiga buah sekolah menengah di dalam Daerah Kluang, Johor. Darjah kebolehpercayaan alpha Croncbach bagi instrumen yang digunakan dalam kajian ini adalah ?=0.74 . Statistik yang digunakan adalah min, sisihan piawai, markat maksimum dan markat minimum, peratusan, ujian-t dan ANOVA satu hala. Dapatan kajian ini menunjukkan tahap kognitif pelajar pada aras pengetahuan, kefahaman dan aplikasi berada pada tahap sederhana. Dapatan kajian juga menunjukkan tidak terdapat hubungan yang signifikan dalam tahap kognitif antara pelajar lelaki dan pelajar perempuan. Sebaliknya tahap kognitif pelajar berhubung kait dengan faktor etnik seseorang pelajar