In search of Malay landscape design : characteristic and identification of traditional landscape at Sungai Perak / Mohd Khazli Aswad Khalid, Mohd Sabrizaa Abd Rashid and Ahmad Zamil Zakaria

Foreign landscape designs such as Balinese, Japanese and English style have a big influence on the local landscape design setting. Even after more than five decades of independence, most of the key and national level projects do not have a clear direction on the national landscape identity. Putrajaya itself for example, adopted foreign landscape design to develop the federal administrative centre of Malaysia. Furthermore, there is no understandable guideline in respect for national landscape identity or local characteristic by the Institute of Landscape Architects Malaysia (ILAM). Malay landscape design should become the main direction towards creating national identity. Moreover, Malay landscape design should be preserved as national heritage for future generations. This paper discusses an exploration that is undertaken to identify and establish the characteristics of Malay landscape design. The study includes observations on the characteristic and identity of Malay landscape design that is based on the functions and cultural community in Perak, at present. The objective of this study is to identify important elements and components in the establishment of Malay landscapes such as the types of vegetation and hardscapeat the old houses compound along Sungai Perak in Perak Tengah district. Eighteen (18) Kutai houses were selected as case study, using a quantitative method for the distribution of the components found in residential Malay house to determine the nature, function and overall similarity for each sample. At the end of the study, some characteristics could be obtained particularly Malay landscape to hardscape element and favorite vegetation that was found in the house compound. Result from this research can be used as a guide to design an appropriate Malay landscape which suits current lifestyle and also to introduce the identity of Malay landscape desig

Landscape Furniture Present in the Ancient Malay Garden According to Old Manuscripts and their Effects on the Formation of Malay Garden Design Concept Model in Malaysia

AbstractIn peeling the dilemma of the Malay contemporary community nowadays, a study has been conducted to find out and discover the landscape furniture used by the Malay people in ancient times. The objectives of this research are to measure the image and culture of the Malays in Malaysia, which is applied in the design of the existing Malay Garden and also to identify the landscape furniture found in the existing Malay Garden. The method used in this research is, by referring to the old manuscripts and research papers done by researchers in the past about garden in the world of the Malay Archipelago. The main manuscripts in this research are as Sulalatus al-Salatin (Malay Annals), Bustan al-Salatin (The Garden of Kings), Hikayat Hang Tuah, Hikayat Merong Mahawangsa, Hikayat Inderaputera and Hikayat Abdullah. These methods consist of understanding and prove that culture, values on belief, the world of thought had been the base of Malay cosmology. Findings from this research can be concluded that the Malays in the past has had architecture skills and also have knowledge about every function of furniture and elements that been created by them. The knowledge possessed by the Malay people had inherited from generation to another generation. Therefore, to support a Malay garden design model, researchers have focused on the furniture's that have been used either in the gardens in the past, especially the palace garden, the home of the Malays and the vicinity at that time. Malay people are a special race, and there are many interesting elements through their creativity that may be highlighted to become a model for the design concept of a Malay Garden that are relevant in the present environment

The Perak Malays Sub-Ethnic Hard and Soft Landscape Elements: An overview

The Malay community in the Malay Archipelago has various sub-ethnics. The aim of this study was to identify the traditional elements of each sub-ethnic of the Malay community in Perak. The objective is to determine softscape and hardscape that is still used by sub-ethnic of the Malay community in Perak. This study has focused on the results of previous research findings that are relevant to the "user preference" of soft and hard landscape elements used by the Perak Malay community. This research can be promoted and help in the process of designing a model of Perak Malay garden design concept.Keywords: Malay landscape; Malay garden; Malay sub-ethnic; Vernacular landscapeeISSN 2398-4279 © 2018. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia. https://doi.org/10.21834/ajqol.v3i11.133

Perak Malay Hard Landscape Elements: An overview

This study is a continuation of previous studies about the Malay landscape in the state of Perak. The purpose of this study was to obtain a list of hard landscape elements that exist in the residential compound of the Malays in the present. The objective of the study was to determine the function of each component of a hard landscape. The scope of the survey is along the Perak River in Perak Tengah District. The need for this study is to reveal the identity of the Malay landscape and improve the self-esteem of the community indirectly.Keywords: Perak Malay garden; Malay landscape; Malay garden concept; Cultural LandscapeeISSN 2398-4279 © 2018. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia

The Development of the Malay Garden Concept

This study discusses the development of the Malay garden concept using the old Malay manuscripts and site observation to the Malay villages along Peninsular Malaysia. The inherited landscape design concept can offer as a guideline to conserve the integrity and the authenticity of the traditional Malay garden design and the strength of these characters will extensively use in developing the concept of landscape design in Malaysia due to the increasing awareness of design and the quality of life. Keywords: Malay Garden, Malay Landscape, Cultural Landscape, Quality of Life eISSN 2398-4279 © 2018. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia