Linking pay level to interactional justice as a determinant of personal outcomes

Human resource development literature highlights that pay level is a crucial compensation design issue. The ability of the management to properly design the level of pay according to external and internal organisational factors may have a signifi cant impact on personal outcomes, i.e. job satisfaction, job commitment,and job performance. More importantly, a thorough review of such relationships revealed that effect of pay level on personal outcomes is indirectly affected by feelings of interactional justice. Although the nature of this relationship is interesting, little is known about the influence of interactional justice in compensation programme models. Therefore, this study was conducted to measure the mediating effect of interactional justice in the relationship between pay level and personal outcomes. A survey research method was used to gather 917 usable questionnaires from employees who have worked in Malaysian institutions of higher learning. The outcomes of stepwise regression analysis showed three important findings: firstly, the relationship between interactional justice and pay level would increase job satisfaction. Secondly, the relationship between interactional justice and pay level would increase job commitment.Third, relationship between interactional justice and pay level would increase job performance. This result confirmed that interactional justice does act as a full mediating variable in the pay system model of the organisation sample. In addition, the implications of this study on compensation theory and practice,conceptual and methodological limitations, and directions for future research are discussed

Purchase Intentions of Foreign Luxury Brand Handbags among Consumers in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

AbstractLuxury products are purchased and adorned by people to display wealth, prosperity, success, social status or merely the satisfaction of a superior product quality. The dominance of any one of these reasons for luxury goods purchase is influenced by culture. None of such study was found in Malaysia. In this study, we explored the motivations to purchase luxury brand handbags among Kuala Lumpur consumers. Unlike others, we also consider income as an added factor in perceived customers’ intentions to purchase in addition to the specific functional, experiential, symbolic, social influence; and trait of vanity dimensions. We used the self-administered questionnaires on 382 shoppers selected by the convenience sampling in major high-end shopping malls in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Data was analysed for simple frequencies, factor analysis, correlation and hierarchical regression. Results indicate that functional value, vanity achievement and household income directly influence Malaysian consumers purchase intention for luxury goods. Marketing strategies to expand foreign luxury brand bags in Malaysia that incorporate these factors could have excellent chance of success

National Library of Malaysia Annual Report 2001

This Annual Report reflects the PNM activities during 2001, to support their vision,"The National Library of Malaysia aspires to be a world class library in the provision of excellent information services towards the realization of Malaysia's vision of becoming an industrialised and developed nation by the year 2020." and mission,"To ensure that all Malaysians have equal access to library services and facilities as well the ability to utilise Malaysian and universal intellectual heritage knowledge through a national infrastructure of integrated electronic libraries.

Knowledge management initiatives, innovation and GLC performance

A model of knowledge management initiatives, innovation and performance evaluation was developed and tested on listed Malaysian Government-Linked companies (GLC). Data collected from 273 employees representing the three different levels of management were subjected to structural equation modeling analysis. The proposed model fits the data well. Results indicate that employees perceived knowledge management initiatives as important antecedents of innovation in the GLC, and innovation in return resulted in better organizational performance

Reading an academic expository text – The ESL learner’s experience

Researches on approaches to learning have often described students as either deep or surface learners. In essence, the deep approach is associated with intrinsic motivation, a focus on understanding the meaning of the learning material and relating new ideas to previous knowledge. In contrast, the surface approach views a particular task in isolation, a focus on memorizing discrete facts and reproduces terms through rote learning. Although these studies have provided information on the qualitative differences of learning in various contexts, little research has been conducted to examine the students’ learning approaches within an ESL context. Accordingly, the primary purpose of this paper is to describe and compare six ESL learners’ approaches of two readings of an academic expository text. Three instruments were used to collect data: reading sessions, individual interviews and observations, whereby all sessions were videotaped, audio taped and transcribed verbatim. Findings of the study revealed that there were qualitative differences in the ESL approaches of reading an academic expository text and that different types of approaches were employed in the two readings of the text. To conclude, the paper will further discuss the implications of the findings and some pedagogical considerations for the teaching and learning of reading within an ESL context

Synthesis of high surface CdO nanoparticles using sol-gel method

The main objective of this study is to synthesis high Surface of CDo nanoparticles using sol-gel method

Determining features for discriminating PTB and normal lungs using phase congruency model

The appearance of the infected zone on the digital chest X-ray image for pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) does not conform to standard shape, size or configuration. This study uses phase congruency (PC(x)) values to gather information from transition of adjacent pixel values that may be used as features to represent known disease type. The feature vector consisting of the average, variance, coefficient of variation and maximum PC(x)-values was found to be able to detect PTB with high accuracy

Environmental noise analysis of aged ceramic insulator under influence of electrical stress

This thesis mainly presents a study about Corona Discharge that is commonly occurred at Ceramic Insulator surface. The purposed of this research is to study the effect of Corona to the environment in term of the severeness and impact to human and also wildlife using TERCO HV experiment setup and field investigation. These methods have been chosen due to its availability, cost effective and many other reasons. This research is done by analyzing the corona discharge by-product mainly audible noise during the corona event by using Sound Level Meter to obtain the desired data. After the experiment is taken place, the data found reveal the severity of the corona and flashover sound measurement which happen to formed broadband frequency range noise with a very low and high frequency threshold compared to human hearing. The decibel level of when corona occur slightly exceed the comfortable level during daytime which is 60 dB maximum and the value reach to the untolerable level when the flashover is taking place. Magnetic field with a high reading at a very close range is also detected but the value reduced exponentially with distance and leave a harmless exposure at distance more than 8 meter. From the result obtain, corona audible noise is not significantly affect normal people quality of living. However, this does not applied to people with sound sensitivity disorder and remote place which sound different can easily be detected. Low frequency that affect human health is also a thing to be concern with. The recent study does proved the low frequency negative effect to human body to be more than myth while the animal have a tendency to be disturb by high frequency in term of their communication and sensitive hearing. Safety precatious and consideration by authorities before installing high voltage structure can reduced the possibility of living beings are distracted and suffer from the problems discussed