Wireless Network Visualization in 3D Virtual Environment Framework

Simulating a signal propagation of wireless cognitive network has been widely accepted by researchers in order to come out with three-dimensional (3D) representation data display. Instead of using primitive way to understand the behavior of signal propagation, 3D visualization of wireless networking could also help researchers to study the limitation and exploration of wireless cognitive network deeply. In this paper, we would like to address the requirement and the potential of using 3D representation to visualize properly the wireless cognitive network. We also performed preliminary test of our 3D visualization system using OpenGL graphic library to visualize the propagation of signal travelling in specific room with several medium. The test has been conducted in order to understand the requirement of wireless cognitive network in 3D visualization before the actual system is built

SHOPPING TROLLEY TRACKING SYSTEM VIA SMS USING ULTRA HIGH FREQUENCY APPLICATION

This paper presents the function of Application Radio Frequency In Keeping Track Shopping Trolley Using GSM. The objective of develop this project is to create a solution that can help the shopping management that provide trolleys services for the costumers or users to reduce cost to their company arising from the missing trolleys and frequently considered stolen This system consists of receiver and transmitter, and technically this device uses radio frequency wave concept to operate. If one of the trolleys is out of range, turn on a buzzer and a red light at the same time at control room than using GSM will sent Short Message Service (SMS) to guard. This capability provides ease and safety to safety guard, to monitor the trolleys frequently used by costumers or users. The operating frequency used by the transmitter is about 100MHz to 2.45GHz which the receiver can detect accurately within 10 to 100 meters; even through a protective casing is covering the transmitters. This covering is also use to avoid the users damaging the transmitters and to provide protection to the assembly. This is to ensure the trolley always in range

Building information modelling: A case study approach to identify readiness criteria for process requirement

Building Information Modelling (BIM) is defined as an approach to building design and construction through modeling technology, associated set of processes and people to produce, communicate and analyse building information models. Although the potential benefits of BIM are well documented, the implementation process requires a thoughtful review of many aspects to realise those benefits. Case study of BIM implementation is therefore important to be carried out to understand the BIM nature and the context of its implementation to which suits the local needs. The aim of this paper is therefore set to present the BIM implementation case study in which focus on BIM readiness criteria. It is important to note that, the term BIM readiness criteria used within this paper, refers to the BIM implementation requirement that focus on process element that takes place at the organisational level. Setting in the background of Malaysian construction industry the research engaged a multiple-case-studies approach and four design consultant companies were selected for the primary data collection. Data from each company were analysed by using content analysis technique. This paper, however presents one of the case studies that was conducted at Industrialised Building System (IBS) company. Three readiness criteria were identified and they are Policy, Implementation Management and Process Change Strategy

I-V Characteristic at Different Depletion Region for CMOS PN Photodiode for Optical Communication Applications

In this paper, CMOS PN photodiode will be design and analyze for the application at 5GHz optical communication. The paper will be divided in several section; the theory of CMOS PN photodiode and design with analysis of IV characteristics of PN photodiode. A better understanding of the operation will be investigated through this. The PN photodiode will be design using Silvaco TCAD and will be characterize and experimental in IV Characteristic. The effects of IV characteristic will be analyzed in term of changes the width and light. Further understanding of IV characteristic will be presents in this paper. Keyword - PN photodiode, IV Characteristic, Silvaco TCAD

Quad Separation Algorithm for Bounding-Volume Hierarchies Construction in Virtual Environment Application

In order to perform fast collision detection technique in Virtual Environment Application, researchers need to maintain the behaviour of the object itself before the objects come into contact. By enhancing the speed of intersection using Bounding-Volume Hierarchies technique, it helps to reduce the complexity and speed up the intersection process. Thus, in this paper we presented our novel algorithm for constructing Bounding-Volume Hierarchies using Quad Splitting method. Together with the Quad Splitting method is the implementation of Spatial Object Median Splitting technique (SOMS) in order to create a well-balanced tree for the object. We believed the key of performing fast intersection between two or more objects in Virtual Environment Application required a well-balanced and proper tree technique for Bounding-Volume hierarchies

An Investigation on I-V Characteristic for CMOS PIN Photodiode: Variable I-Layer

In this paper presented an investigation on I-V characteristic for CMOS PIN Photodiode. PIN diodes are widely used in optics and microwave circuits as it acts as a current controlled resistor at these frequencies. PIN diode performance is greatly influenced by the geometrical size of the device, especially in the intrinsic region. Two different I-layer thickness of PIN diode structure has been designed using Sentaurus Technology Computer Aided Design (TCAD) tools. The I-layer thickness (or width) is varied from 4 µm to 8 µm in order to investigate its effects on the current-voltage (I-V) characteristics. These structures were design based on CMOS process. Keyword - PIN Photodiode, Silvaco TCAD, IV Characteristic, Reverse Bias

Seasonal and long term variations of surface ozone concentrations in Malaysian Borneo

Malaysian Borneo has a lower population density and is an area known for its lush rainforests. However, changes in pollutant profiles are expected due to increasing urbanisation and commercial-industrial activities. This study aims to determine the variation of surface {O3} concentration recorded at seven selected stations in Malaysian Borneo. Hourly surface {O3} data covering the period 2002 to 2013, obtained from the Malaysian Department of Environment (DOE), were analysed using statistical methods. The results show that the concentrations of {O3} recorded in Malaysian Borneo during the study period were below the maximum Malaysian Air Quality Standard of 100 ppbv. The hourly average and maximum {O3} concentrations of 31 and 92 ppbv reported at Bintulu (S3) respectively were the highest among the {O3} concentrations recorded at the sampling stations. Further investigation on {O3} precursors show that sampling sites located near to local petrochemical industrial activities, such as Bintulu (S3) and Miri (S4), have higher NO2/NO ratios (between 3.21 and 5.67) compared to other stations. The normalised {O3} values recorded at all stations were higher during the weekend compared to weekdays (unlike its precursors) which suggests the influence of {O3} titration by {NO} during weekdays. The results also show that there are distinct seasonal variations in {O3} across Borneo. High surface {O3} concentrations were usually observed between August and September at all stations with the exception of station {S7} on the east coast. Majority of the stations (except {S1} and S6) have recorded increasing averaged maximum concentrations of surface {O3} over the analysed years. Increasing trends of {NO2} and decreasing trends of {NO} influence the yearly averaged maximum of {O3} especially at S3. This study also shows that variations of meteorological factors such as wind speed and direction, humidity and temperature influence the concentration of surface O3

Bluetooth Remote Home Automation System Using Android Application

This paper presents the overall design of Home Automation System (HAS) with low cost and wireless remote control. This system is designed to assist and provide support in order to fulfill the needs of elderly and disabled in home. Also, the smart home concept in the system improves the standard living at home. The main control system implements wireless Bluetooth technology to provide remote access from PC/laptop or smart phone. The design remains the existing electrical switches and provides more safety control on the switches with low voltage activating method. The switches status is synchronized in all the control system whereby every user interface indicates the real time existing switches status. The system intended to control electrical appliances and devices in house with relatively low cost design, user-friendly interface and ease of installation

Design of a dual-band antenna for energy harvesting application

This report presents an investigation on how to improve the current dual-band antenna to enhance the better result of the antenna parameters for energy harvesting application. Besides that, to develop a new design and validate the antenna frequencies that will operate at 2.4 GHz and 5.4 GHz. At 5.4 GHz, more data can be transmitted compare to 2.4 GHz. However, 2.4 GHz has long distance of radiation, so it can be used when far away from the antenna module compare to 5 GHz that has short distance in radiation. The development of this project includes the scope of designing and testing of antenna using computer simulation technology (CST) 2018 software and vector network analyzer (VNA) equipment. In the process of designing, fundamental parameters of antenna are being measured and validated, in purpose to identify the better antenna performance

Ultra-Wide Band (UWB) Ice Cream Cone antenna for communication system

The objectives of this paper are to design, fabricate and analyze UWB Ice Cream Cone Antenna. This antenna was fabricated on FR4 substrate. The effect of varying parameter for length of rectangular is studied. This antenna occupies the entire 3.1 GHz to 10.6 GHz spectrum band. The designs are simulated using CST Microwave Studio Simulation and the measurement are successfully achieves UWB spectrum band requirement. The proposed antenna suggested that the return loss must be less than -10 dB and a VSWR of less than 2 throughout the entire band with a lightweight planar profile and omnidirectional radiation pattern. The UWB Ice Cream Cone Antenna is designed, fabricated, measured and managed to cover UWB bandwidth from 3.1-10.1 GHz with the VSWR between 1.18 - 1.7 with a small size of 40 x 25 mm2 . The sizes of UWB communication devices can be reduced by using the Ice Cream Cone antenna. In the future, the low loss substrates can be used in order to increase the Return Loss of the antenna at higher frequencies for wideband applications