The development of metrica

Examining performance data over time can help operators identify underlying trends that would go unnoticed if the data was merely looked at in real time, then discarded. Network performance reporting management can lead to a more proactive style of network management. Metrica/NPR is a Network Performance Reporting application that provides network operators an integrated view of the performance of telecommunications networks for various technology including wireless, wireline and Internet Protocol (IP). Metrica/NPR helps operators improve their understanding of network behavior by managing, analyzing and reporting, performance statistics generated by the network. Metrica/NPR 3.3 is the latest release of Metrica/NPR product line produced by ADC in order to adopt the challenge of a continuously changing network environment. It is a significant release, which is for the first time being developed from ADC research and development (R&D) center in Kuala Lumpur. ADC Software Systems is an ISO9001:2000 certified company since June 1998 for its management system in product development and deployment. Quality management system, now called as business management system (BMS), is the primary process reference in product development. The development of Metrica/NPR 3.3 explores the internal part of ADC development process involved in producing a great software product, focusing on coding and testing, based on BMS. Besides the requirement of high set of programming technique and deep exploration on different operating system environment, this technical report explains the details aspect of the software development activities such as coding, testing, project management and configuration management

SYNTHESIS OF, AND APPLICATION OF THE COMPENSATED ARRHENIUS FORMULATION TO, ORGANIC CARBONATES AND OLIGOETHERS

It has been proposed and shown that transport properties like self-diffusion and ionic conductivity in organic liquids are dependent on the dielectric constants and the activation energies in these liquids. The formal method that relates the self-diffusion and ionic conductivity to the dielectric constants and activation energies in these liquids is called the Compensated Arrhenius Formalism (CAF). Various systems have shown to be in compliance with the CAF. The CAF has been applied to liquids of varying dielectric constant values. In order to extend the library of the solvent applicable for analysis by the CAF and to understand the limitation of the CAF, two organic liquids, one with very low dielectric constant, acyclic carbonates, and the other with very high dielectric constant, cyclic carbonates are synthesized and analyzed using the CAF. The CAF is also tested for analysis of transport properties in polymers. This thesis involves the synthesis of acyclic carbonates, cyclic carbonates, and oligomers of poly(ethylene oxide), and the application of the CAF to these organic liquids and oligomers in order to try and understand the limitations of the CAF. The application of the CAF to these liquids and oligomers also can help in trying to understand the transport properties in these liquids and in polymers. The synthesis of asymmetric acyclic carbonates was accomplished using a convenient method where an unwanted secondary reaction was avoided by precipitation of a side product during the reaction. The cyclic carbonate derivatives were synthesized via the cyclization reaction of methyl chloroformate and 1,2-diols. The synthesis of poly(ethylene oxide) oligomers was achieved using simple SN2 reactions with alkyl bromide. The transport properties of acyclic carbonates and the cyclic carbonates can also be described by the CAF. Acyclic carbonates have low dielectric constants, but similar energy of activation for self-diffusion as other higher dielectric constant organic liquids like 2-ketones, nitriles, and acetates. The low dielectric constant values of acyclic carbonates prevent salts from dissolving in acyclic carbonates. Thus the conductivity in acyclic carbonates could not be measured. The cyclic carbonates have high dielectric constants. The energy of activation for self-diffusion of cyclic carbonate is higher compared to other aprotic organic liquids previously investigated. The energy of activation for ionic conductivity is also found to be high for cyclic carbonates compared to other polar aprotic liquids like 2-ketones and nitriles. The energy of activation is very high such that even though the dielectric constant in cyclic carbonates is higher than the dielectric constants in 2-ketones and nitriles, the conductivity is lower in cyclic carbonates. It was found that the CAF can be applied to oligomers of poly(ethylene oxide). However, the results suggest that to apply the CAF to oligomers and predict transport properties in polymers, the oligomers repeat units have to be high compared to the alkyl chain length tethered to the oligomers

Optimization of Hybrid Renewable Energy for Telecommunication Tower Energy Supply

The use of hybrid renewable energy systems for telecommunications towers has gained increasing attention in recent years to reduce reliance on fossil fuels, lower operating costs, and increase the reliability of the power supply. This paper provides a comprehensive review of research on hybrid renewable energy systems for telecommunications towers. These systems utilize solar panels, wind turbines, and other renewable sources, along with backup generators or storage batteries, ensuring reliable power supply. Existing studies demonstrate that hybrid systems are a promising alternative to fossil fuel-based systems. The paper covers design considerations, implementation challenges, and performance evaluation of these systems. It also discusses their potential benefits and limitations while outlining future research directions. This study focuses on solar, hydro, wind, and biomass resources in Lundu, Bintulu, and Limbang by evaluating their potential in remote areas. The aim of this paper is to use the HOMER software to analyse the financial and power production potential of hybrid renewable energy systems in three rural areas. The study considers a range of combinations of solar PV systems, micro-hydro generators, wind turbines, biomass generator, diesel generator, battery storage, and converters, and evaluates their performance based on energy demand satisfaction, system cost, and carbon emissions. The paper also compares the operational behaviour and investment costs of hybrid renewable energy systems with stand-alone diesel generators to assess their environmental impacts. The goal is to optimize the size and configuration of the hybrid systems to maximize their financial and power production potential. The result for this study emphasizes the potential of solar energy as the primary source of electricity for telecommunication towers in remote rural areas of Sarawak. Additionally, biomass energy as a backup power source. However, wind energy is not a viable option in Sarawak due to low average wind speeds. This study also discovered that renewable energy systems like solar and biomass are cost-effective and environmentally friendly alternatives to diesel generators, although not yet cost-competitive at present

The Prevalence of Physical Activity and Sedentary Lifestyle among Adolescents in Palestine

Physical inactivity and sedentary behavior have been considered the most contributing predisposing factors for many chronic diseases. Regular Physical activity has the potential to attenuate the health and economic burden that Physical inactivity places on Palestinian society.The authors of this paper would like to thank the Department of Community Medicine, Universiti Sains Malaysia. As well as, the authors would like to thank both the all participants of this study, and the Palestinian Ministry of Education Board committee for their assistance during this study

Extraction and recovery of toxic acidic components from highly acidic oil using ionic liquids

Naphthenic acid (NA) is a toxic compound that exists in the effluent discharged from highly acidic oil refineries. The amount of NA present in acidic crude oil can be as high as 4 wt%. The complicated structure of NA poses a challenge for oil refineries in their effort to extract NA from the heavy crude oil in an economical and environmental friendly manner. In the current study the extraction of NA from highly acidic model oil by ionic liquid (ILs) was performed using 1,8-diazobicycloundec-7-ene (DBU) based cation in combination with the thiocyanate anion. A detailed computer simulation study on the mechanism of NA extraction by the ILs was also performed. The extracted NA was completely recovered and the ILs used were regenerated by simple addition of water. It was found that increasing of the alkyl chain length increases the percent NA removal. Computer simulation suggests those thiocyanate anions are found to be playing a major role in the NA extraction process

Effectiveness of Educational Intervention on Physical Activity-Related Knowledge among High School Students in Southern Rural Palestinian Community, in 2012

Low Physical activity during adolescence is recognized as a key public health concern. School-based interventions are thought to be the most globally applicable and effective way to counteract levels of physical inactivity and sedentary behavior. This study aimed to investigate the effects of an eight-week school-based teaching intervention to promote physical activity through increasing the physical activity-related knowledge of high school students in Palestinian national high schools in 2012. Baseline and 3 months post-test data from the Health Knowledge Inventory Survey (HKI) were analyzed for group differences through independent t tests and for improvement over time via repeated measures ANOVA. The findings indicated no significant differences between the groups in terms of mean physical activity knowledge scores (P = 0.059) before the intervention. There was a significant difference (P < 0.001) in mean knowledge scores between the intervention and control schools 3 month after intervention follow-up and there was a significant difference in term of gender [male (p=0.028) and female (p=0.007)] and stream of education track (Scientific and non-scientific) in the intervention schools. Whereas significant difference for control group (p<0.001) was found solely between scientific and non-scientific stream students. Media and internet were the two most common sources of physical activity-related knowledge. The evidence suggests the effectiveness of school-based physical activity interventions, given the positive effects on physical activity knowledge. Schools are a suitable setting for the promotion of healthy lifestyles. Additional research on the long-term impact of these interventions is needed.The authors of this paper would like to thanks to the Department of Community Medicine, Universiti Sains Malaysia. As well as, would like to thank all participants of this study. Also the authors would like to thank the Palestinian Ministry of Education Board committee for their assistance during this study. This study was self-sponsored

Comparison of Preparation Methods Effect on the Stability of Compressor oil-based Nanolubricant

The stability evaluation for a nanolubricant is important before any application to a system. The production of nanolubricant can be done using the various method. This study aims to compare the effect of nanolubricant stability on the different preparation methods. The TiO2 nanolubricant with compressor oil base was prepared using a high-speed homogenizer (HSH) and ultrasonic bath. The HSH speed was varies between 5000 and 15000 rpm while the sonication period was varied from one hour to 5-hours. Visual observation and UV-Vis spectrophotometer method were used to evaluate the nanolubricant stability. Results reveal that the UV-Vis method produces better stability for TiO2 nanolubricant than HSH. The 5-hours ultrasonic shows the best result with a 0.9 concentration ratio after 15 days of preparation. The HSH shows that the 15000 rpm nanolubricant have better stability than the lower speed. The stability of nanolubricant increase by the increment of HSH speed as well as ultrasonication periods. The ultrasonic bath with a 5-hours sonication time is recommended for TiO2 as it provides the best stability

Religious Leader’s Views Living Hadith Practices in Malaysia

Living Hadith is a cultural phenomenon practiced by a particular society and based on the hadith of the Prophet pbuh. It is a behavioral pattern resulted by the interaction of Muslims with the hadith. This study examines the extent to which the sunnah is practiced by the Muslim community in Malaysia, in addition to explaining the concept of “practicing the sunnah” in the perspective of Living Hadith as a research genre. In doing so, I interview five respondentsincluding muftis, academics, and religious figures who are active in the community. The findings show that the Muslim community barely knows the text of the hadith. They simply practice the content or what they believe to be the teaching of the prophetic hadith, encapsulating in their custom. Performing this, they have the rooted tendency to live in line with the religious and moral demands of Rasulullah pbuh. However, the community also needs to be ‘taught’ to see this practice as a sort of encouragement to perform good deeds. This practice nevertheless is not at the same obligatory level as the command to perform five daily prayers and Ramadan fasting. In other words, the Malaysian society sees the ‘living hadith’ as merely the practice of sunnah that is thus still related to the Prophet pbuh

LIVING HADITH AS A SOCIAL CULTURAL PHENOMENON OF INDONESIA: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE

Purpose of the study: This article intends to review the literature on living hadith issues as a social-cultural phenomenon of Indonesia. Methodology: For this article, Systematic Literature Review (SLR) has been used to discuss the data from documents based on the living hadith issues, such as books, journals, and other related materials which had been reviewed and referred to Hadith as the main source. Main Findings: This article found that living hadith is a religious phenomenon that is turned on by society. The phrase living hadith in Indonesia as a term that refers to the contextual practice of hadiths or sunnah that are spelled out of ijma and ijtihad which agreed upon in a Muslim community. In other words, living hadith is an understanding of the meaning of hadith that applied in everyday practices. Applications of this study: This article can be useful for humanity, especially for Muslims when the term of living hadith takes place in society in the form of practices based on the understanding of the hadith of Prophet Muhammad as a second source of Islamic law. Novelty/Originality of this study: The phrase of Living Hadith is not similar among the Muslim community in Malaysia, so it is a new discovery and should be enlightened