Isolation and characterization of pathogenic bacteria from Rhipicephalus spp. adult female hard tick

Ticks are blood-sucking arthropods established in basically all global regions of the world. Around the world, there are about 900 species of ticks. Ixodid or hard ticks are University, Baghdad, Iraq; 3 Department of Biology, Science College, Baghdad University, Baghdad, Iraq made about 700 species, while 200 species are soft ticks. Ticks act as vectors of a wide range of disease agents, including viruses, bacteria, and protozoa. It is well documented that more than 100 000 diseased conditions in a human being in the world are associated with the tick- borne infection. This study intended to isolate some enterobacteriacae (Escherichia coli and Salmonella spp) from live adult female Rhipicephalus spp hard tick. Sixty-seven ticks were collected from cattle and sheep during the period extended from November 2015 till March 2016 from Baghdad governorate. Totally, there were 15 (22.38%) samples revealed bacterial isolates out of 67. The number and percentage of E. coli, Salmonella spp and both E. coli and Salmonella spp isolates were 10 (14.92 %), 2 (2.98 %) and 3 (4.47 %) respectively. Moreover, the results showed significant (P ≤ 0.05) difference between the isolated bacteria. In conclusion, this study approved the isolation of Escherichia coli and Salmonella spp from adult female Rhipicephalus spp hard tick. The author recommends taking a prevention precaution to control the distribution of ticks that have serious roles in the transmission and distribution of bacterial diseases in domestics animals

Genomic and clinical characterization of stromal infiltration markers in prostate cancer

Peer Reviewedhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/154519/1/cncr32688_am.pdfhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/154519/2/cncr32688.pd

Effectiveness of a scalable group-based education and monitoring program, delivered by health workers, to improve control of hypertension in rural India: A cluster randomised controlled trial

New methods are required to manage hypertension in resource-poor settings. We hypothesised that a community health worker (CHW)-led group-based education and monitoring intervention would improve control of blood pressure (BP). We conducted a baseline community-based survey followed by a cluster randomised controlled trial of people with hypertension in 3 rural regions of South India, each at differing stages of epidemiological transition. Participants with hypertension, defined as BP ≥ 140/90 mm Hg or taking antihypertensive medication, were advised to visit a doctor. In each region, villages were randomly assigned to intervention or usual care (UC) in a 1:2 ratio. In intervention clusters, trained CHWs delivered a group-based intervention to people with hypertension. The program, conducted fortnightly for 3 months, included monitoring of BP, education about hypertension, and support for healthy lifestyle change. Outcomes were assessed approximately 2 months after completion of the intervention. The primary outcome was control of BP (BP < 140/90 mm Hg), analysed using mixed effects regression, clustered by village within region and adjusted for baseline control of hypertension (using intention-to-treat principles). Of 2,382 potentially eligible people, 637 from 5 intervention clusters and 1,097 from 10 UC clusters were recruited between November 2015 and April 2016, with follow-up occurring in 459 in the intervention group and 1,012 in UC. Mean age was 56.9 years (SD 13.7). Baseline BP was similar between groups. Control of BP improved from baseline to follow-up more in the intervention group (from 227 [49.5%] to 320 [69.7%] individuals) than in the UC group (from 528 [52.2%] to 624 [61.7%] individuals) (odds ratio [OR] 1.6, 95% CI 1.2-2.1; P = 0.001). In secondary outcome analyses, there was a greater decline in systolic BP in the intervention than UC group (-5.0 mm Hg, 95% CI -7.1 to -3.0; P < 0.001) and a greater decline in diastolic BP (-2.1 mm Hg, 95% CI -3.6 to -0.6; P < 0.006), but no detectable difference in the use of BP-lowering medications between groups (OR 1.2, 95% CI 0.8-1.9; P = 0.34). Similar results were found when using imputation analyses that included those lost to follow-up. Limitations include a relatively short follow-up period and use of outcome assessors who were not blinded to the group allocation. While the durability of the effect is uncertain, this trial provides evidence that a low-cost program using CHWs to deliver an education and monitoring intervention is effective in controlling BP and is potentially scalable in resource-poor settings globally. The trial was registered with the Clinical Trials Registry-India (CTRI/2016/02/006678)

Fatigue Behaviour of RC beams Strengthened with CFRP : Analytical and Experimental investigations

Repeated cyclic loading of reinforced concrete (RC) structures such as bridges can cause reduced service life and structure failure due to fatigue even when the stress ranges applied to the structural components are very low. These problems can be mitigated by using fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) composites to increase the structures’ load carrying capacity and fatigue life or service life. Strengthening of this sort may be a suitable way to prolong the service life of concrete structures. FRP strengthening involves externally bonding a plate, sheet or rod of the strengthening material to the surface of the concrete member or placing the strengthening element in grooves cut into the member’s surface. The bonding of plates or sheets to the surface is often referred to as EBR (externally bonded reinforcement) whereas the placement of strengthening bars in grooves carved into the member’s surface is referred to as NSM (Near Surface Mounted) reinforcement. When this research project was initiated, it was not clear whether EBR or NSM strengthening was more effective at alleviating the effects of fatigue loading, and there were many aspects of their use that warranted further investigation. The main objectives of the work presented in this thesis were to study the behaviour of materials and structures under fatigue loading, to assess the structural challenges presented by fatigue loading of members strengthened with EBR plates or NSM bars, and to identify analytical models suitable for the design and analysis of FRP-strengthening elements and strengthened concrete members. The scientific approach adopted in this work is based on experimental fatigue loading tests of RC beams strengthened with EBR plates and NSM bars together with the development and assessment of analytical methods for describing the fatigue behaviour of tested strengthened beams and numerical models for predicting the behaviour of bond joints under fatigue loading. The analytical models were then verified against experimental results. The theoretical and experimental studies were supported by a state-of-the-art literature review that was conducted to gather existing knowledge concerning FRP strengthening of RC members and their fatigue behaviour at the material and structural levelsGodkänd; 2015; 20150218 (mohsal); Nedanstående person kommer att disputera för avläggande av teknologie doktorsexamen. Namn: Mohammed Salih Mohammed Mahal Ämne: Konstruktionsteknik/Structural Engineering Avhandling: Fatigue Behaviour of RC Beams Strengthened with CFRP – Analytical and Experimental Investigations Opponent: Professor Pilate Moyo, Department of Civil Engineering, University of cape Town, South Africa Ordförande: Professor Björn Täljsten, Avd för byggkonstruktion och produktion, Institutionen för samhällsbyggnad och naturresurser, Luleå tekniska universitet Tid: Fredag den 27 mars 2015, kl 10.00 Plats: F1031, Luleå tekniska universite

Examination at a material and structural level of the fatigue life of beams strengthened with mineral or epoxy bonded FRPs : the state of the art

This paper presents a state of the art review of different material combinations and applications of mineral-based and epoxy-based bonded Fiber Reinforced Polymers (FRP), used for the strengthening of concrete structures subjected to fatigue loading. In this review, models of the fatigue life at the material and structural level are presented. This study examines the mechanical behavior of the FRP-material, surface bonding behavior and concrete beams strengthened under fatigue loading with different types of FRP-systems. The parameters that are investigated are applied load value, time dependent effects, type of strengthened structures (shear, flexural or combined) and the configuration of sheets or plates. The building codes and researchers' recommendations are also discussed. As a result of this review, the reader will obtains an overview of suitable materials and methods for strengthening structures subjected to fatigue loading by referring to the estimated fatigue life of material and strengthening structures at various applied stress levels.Validerad; 2013; 20130823 (thojoh

Isolation and Characterization of Klebsiella spp. and Staphylococcus aureus from Engorged Adult Females of Rhipicephalus spp.

To mention the role of ticks in transmission of Klebsiella spp. and Staphylococcus aureus, sixty seven engorged adult females of the type which called hard ticks (Rhipicephalus spp.) were collected from cattle and sheep randomly from diverse regions of Baghdad city through the period November 2015 till March 2016. Blood swabs from ticks were subjected to the culture media to determine the percentages of Klebsiella spp. and Staphylococcus aureus. Results showed that out of 67 samples, 13 (14.40%) samples were positive for Klebsiella spp., 16 (23.88%) samples were positive for Staphylococcus aureus and 8 samples were positive for both bacteria. This study revealed that hard ticks (Rhipicephalus spp.) is a good source for bacterial infection by Klebsiella spp. and Staphylococcus aureus

Isolation and Identification of Pathogenic Bacteria from Vaginal Cavity of Sheep and Goats in Iraq

This study intends to explore the prevalence of pathogenic bacteria infected the vaginal cavity of sheep and goats, in addition to determine the normal vaginal bacterial flora in pregnant and non pregnant local breed goat and sheep. Vaginal swabs were collected from 80 cases comprised of 54 sheep and 26 goats that involve 20 and 6 pregnant ewes and goats from Baghdad city during May 2019 to July 2019. These samples were cultivated onto different bacteriological media. The isolated bacteria were identified by different biochemical tests. Mixed bacterial isolates were determined in 65 out of 80 (81.3%) samples. Totally, 9 various microorganisms were isolated from animal’s vagina. E. coli, Streptococcus Spp, KlebsiellaSpp and Staphylococcus aureus were the most common isolated microorganism from vaginal swabs in a percentage of 36, 20, 17.5 and 16.3%respectively. While Bacillus Spp, Proteus Spp, Staphylococcus Spp, Corynebacterium Spp and Salmonella Spp.were the less common isolated microorganisms in a percentages of 10, 10, 7.5, 6.3 and %2.5 respectively. Moreover, the enteric bacteria especially E. coli was isolated in the higher incidence rate (44.4%) in pregnant ewes compared to pregnant goats 15.4%. However, in non-pregnant animals, the percentages were 50 and 15% in sheep and goats respectively. Nonetheless, Proteus Spp were isolated only from newly birth animals. Meanwhile, Staphylococcus aureus were relatively isolated at the same level of incidence at 15%-17% in either pregnant or non-pregnant sheep or goats, while Streptococcus Spp were mostly found in pregnant goats and ewes at 50 and 25% respectively. In conclusion, this study approved the isolation of different bacterial spp in various incidence rates from vaginal cavity of pregnant and non-pregnant sheep and goats

Racial Differences in Genomic Profiles of Breast Cancer

This genetic association study examines the tumor genomic profiles by race in a large, diverse patient cohort using next-generation sequencing (NGS) data in the American Association for Cancer Research Project Genomics Evidence Neoplasia Information Exchange