PATHOLOGICAL MONITORING OF VISCERAL LESIONS INDUCED BY VELOGENIC NEWCASTLE DISEASE IN EXPERIMENTALLY INFECTED BROILER CHICKENS AT DIFFERENT AGES WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO PULMONARY INFLAMMATORY CYTOKINES EXPRESSION

The present work aimed to study the impact of infection with a locally isolated vNDV genotype VII in commercial broiler chickens of different ages from a histopathological point of view with related changes in pulmonary cytokine expression. 100 commercial broiler chickens were allocated into 4 groups as follows; group 1 served as control non-infected group and three infected groups, were infected with 106 EID50 NDV at ages of 10,20, and 30 days. Tissue samples from different organs were collected at the 1st, 3rd, 5th, and 7th days post-inoculation for histopathological and immunohistochemical examination. Quantitative real-time RT-PCR for virus re-isolation as well as expression of IL-6 and IFN-γ genes estimation were performed on lung tissue collected at 3 dpi. RT-PCR for virus revealed increased virus load in the lungs of older birds and cytokines profiling revealed significant up-regulation of both IL-6 and IFN-γ genes in the groups that received infection at older ages. The severity and distribution of pathological lesions were directly proportioned to the age of infection and the time interval post-infection. Immunostaining of the viral antigen in the different tissues confirmed the pantropic nature of the virus

Clinical Pathways for Non-ST Elevation Acute Coronary Syndrome in Oman: An Oman Heart Association Protocol for Hospital Quality Improvement Initiative

In 2012, Oman Heart Association (OHA) published its own guidelines for the management of patients with unstable angina/non–ST-elevation myocardial infarction, the aim was not to be comprehensive but rather simplified and practical in order to reduce the gap between the long comprehensive guidelines and our actual practice. However, we still feel that the busy registrars and residents need simpler and direct clinical pathways or protocol to be used in the emergency departments, coronary care units and in the wards. Clinical pathways are now one of the main tools used to manage the quality in healthcare concerning the standardization of care processes. It has been shown that their implementation reduces the variability in clinical practice and improves outcomes in acute care

Optical solitons for fourth order nonlinear Schrödinger's equation with cubic–quintic–septic–nonic nonlinearity using improved modified extended tanh-function scheme

In this work, we investigate the fourth order nonlinear Schrödinger's equation with cubic–quintic–septic–nonic nonlinearity that is frequently encountered in modern physics study. Additionally, it is an important equation for researching problems with light pulse transmission in nonlinear dispersive optical medium. Studying is conducted by applying the improved modified extended tanh-function scheme. Various types of solutions, such as bright solitons, hyperbolic solutions, singular solitons and dark solitons solutions are extracted for the investigated model. The extracted solutions confirmed the efficacy and strength of the current technique. To illustrate the physical characteristics of the established solutions, many selected solutions are visually depicted

Protective efficacy of a prime-boost protocol using H5-DNA plasmid as prime and inactivated H5N2 vaccine as the booster against the Egyptian avian influenza challenge virus

In this study, a recombinant DNA plasmid was constructed, encoding for HA1 of a selected Egyptian H5N1 virus (isolated during the 2012 outbreaks). In the immunization and challenge experiments, SPF chickens received 1 or 2 doses of H5-DNA plasmid prime, and boosted with the inactivated H5N2 vaccine. Haemagglutination inhibition (HI) titers, protection levels, and the magnitude of virus shedding were compared to that of the chickens that received either DNA plasmid or inactivated H5N2 vaccine alone. H5N1 virus A/chicken/Egypt/128s/2012 (H5N1) highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) clade 2.2.1/C was used for the challenge. Chickens immunized with 1 or 2 doses of H5-DNA vaccine failed to overcome the challenge with 0% and 10% protection, respectively. Quantitative real-time reverse transcription-PCR revealed virus shedding of 2.2 x 104 PCR copies/ml 3 days post challenge (dpc) in the only surviving bird from the group that received 2 doses of plasmid. However, chickens immunized with 1 or 2 doses of H5-DNA plasmid as prime and inactivated H5N2 vaccine as booster, showed 80% protection after challenge, with a viral shedding of 1.2 x 104 PCR copies/ml (1 dose) and 1.6 x 104 PCR copies/ml (2 doses) 3 dpc. The surviving birds in both groups did not shed the virus at 5 and 7 dpc. In H5N2-vaccinated chickens, protection levels were 70% with relatively high virus shedding (1.8 x 104 PCR copies/ml) 3 dpc. HI titers were protective to the surviving chickens. This study reports the efficacy of H5-DNA plasmid to augment reduction in viral shedding and to provide better protection when applied in a prime-boost program with the inactivated AI vaccine

Selectivity indices of the synthesized compounds.

Selectivity indices of the synthesized compounds.</p

The docked pose of 14a against VEGFR-2.

The docked pose of 14a against VEGFR-2.</p

Fig 12 -

A) RMSF B) Rg C) SASA of VEGFR-2 enzyme in apo state.</p

The colors, yields, and meting points of the new compounds.

The colors, yields, and meting points of the new compounds.</p