Benefits of Exercise Training For Computer-Based Staff: A Meta Analyses

Background: Office workers sit down to work for approximately 8 hours a day and, as a result, many of them do not have enough time for any form of physical exercise. This can lead to musculoskeletal discomforts, especially low back pain and recently, many researchers focused on home/office-based exercise training for prevention/treatment of low back pain among this population. Objective: This Meta analyses paper tried to discuss about the latest suggested exercises for the office workers based on the mechanisms and theories behind low back pain among office workers. Method: In this Meta analyses the author tried to collect relevant papers which were published previously on the subject. Google Scholar, Scopus, and PubMed were used as sources to find the articles. Only articles that were published using the same methodology, including office workers, musculoskeletal discomforts, low back pain, and exercise training keywords, were selected. Studies that failed to report sufficient sample statistics, or lacked a substantial review of past academic scholarship and/or clear methodologies, were excluded. Results: Limited evidence regarding the prevention of, and treatment methods for, musculoskeletal discomfort, especially those in the low back, among office workers, is available. The findings showed that training exercises had a significant effect (p<0.05) on low back pain discomfort scores and decreased pain levels in response to office-based exercise training. Conclusion: Office-based exercise training can affect pain/discomfort scores among office workers through positive effects on flexibility and strength of muscles. As such, it should be suggested to occupational therapists as a practical way for the treatment/prevention of low back pain among office workers

TIME MANAGEMENT, SOCIAL SUPPORT, PERSONALITY AND BURNOUT AMONG POSTGRADUATE STUDENTS

Time management performs an important role in performing tasks in time without getting any burnout. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship of time management, social support, personality and burnout among postgraduate students. In the section of literature review reveals that personality and social support defense the negative effects of time management of burnout. There were 214 respondents who have participated in the online survey consisting of six sections which have work experience, time management, personality, social support, and burnout as their demographic. A descriptive statistics, Pearson Correlation, T-test for Independent Sample Means, and Multiple Regression were used to analyze the data. . There are inconsistencies in the findings obtained by previous researchers on the relationship between time management and burnout among students indicate that research into the effects of time management, personality and social support on students’ burnout is not conclusive. This study attempts to fill the gap by investigating the relationship of time management, social support, personality and to reduce burnout among postgraduate students with proper usage of the skills of time management. Time management has a significant relationship with burnout; however, burnout has no significant relationship with personality were the results of Co-relation statistics

Physical performance, anthropometric measurements and basic skills of football players in Karbala, Iraq

This study aimed to identify and determine the most related tests to measure the physical performance, anthropometric measurements, and basic skills in the first division football club in Karbala, Iraq. In addition, this study aimed to identify the level of selected physical performance, anthropometric measurements and basic skills and compare the mean difference among the study variables for football players based on the three playing positions. Descriptive method was used for its suitability to the study objectives by testing 92 football players (mean age M= 20.8, SD = 1.83, mean height M= 172.75, SD = 7.28, mean body weight M= 65.26, SD = 7.01). Questionnaires were adapted from previous research to identify more related variables and tests. Later, experts’ opinions were used to select the suitable tests for physical performance, anthropometric measurements, and basic skills. The test that has score above 70% was chosen as the test to measure the selected variables. All of the four clubs in Karbala, Iraq were invited to participate in this study. The players were divided based on the three playing positions (defense, midfield and offensive). The results showed that Shuttle test 40x5, 30 m sprint, passing with wall, Nelson speed of movement, sit down and stand up, vertical jump and dribbling 25 m are the selected tests for physical performance in football. For anthropometric measurements, total weight, total length, lower limb length, and chest circumference are selected, whereas passing accuracy, receiving ball, ziz-zag dribbling, competitor evasion, heading the ball and accuracy test for shooting are the selected tests for basic skills in football. The results based on playing positions showed that the defense group has the highest mean score for all the tests. The tests are passing with the wall for physical performance, width chest for anthropometric measurements and dribbling 25m between cones for basic skills. However, Welch test only showed significant results for Nelson speed of movement (Welch statistic = 3.437, p <0.05) and dribbling 25m between cones (Welch statistic = 7.358, p <0 .05) for physical performance, total length (Welch statistic = 4.475, p <0.05) and chest circumference (Welch statistic = 3.510, p <0.05) for anthropometric measurements, and passing (Welch statistic = 9.921, p <0.05) and controlling (Welch statistic = 4.896, p <0.05) for basic skills among groups. Selected tests can be used as a practical way for the coaches, not only in Karbala but also in other parts of Iraq and other countries to select the players and to monitor and compare their performance with themselves and other players

Benefits of Exercise Training For Computer-Based Staff: A Meta Analyses

Background: Office workers sit down to work for approximately 8 hours a day and, as a result, many of them do not have enough time for any form of physical exercise. This can lead to musculoskeletal discomforts, especially low back pain and recently, many researchers focused on home/office-based exercise training for prevention/treatment of low back pain among this population. Objective: This Meta analyses paper tried to discuss about the latest suggested exercises for the office workers based on the mechanisms and theories behind low back pain among office workers. Method: In this Meta analyses the author tried to collect relevant papers which were published previously on the subject. Google Scholar, Scopus, and PubMed were used as sources to find the articles. Only articles that were published using the same methodology, including office workers, musculoskeletal discomforts, low back pain, and exercise training keywords, were selected. Studies that failed to report sufficient sample statistics, or lacked a substantial review of past academic scholarship and/or clear methodologies, were excluded. Results: Limited evidence regarding the prevention of, and treatment methods for, musculoskeletal discomfort, especially those in the low back, among office workers, is available. The findings showed that training exercises had a significant effect (p<0.05) on low back pain discomfort scores and decreased pain levels in response to office-based exercise training. Conclusion: Office-based exercise training can affect pain/discomfort scores among office workers through positive effects on flexibility and strength of muscles. As such, it should be suggested to occupational therapists as a practical way for the treatment/prevention of low back pain among office workers.

Identify the Tests to Measure Physical Characteristics and Basic Skills for the Football Players in Iraq

Background: Basic skills specification and physical characteristics are the most significant factors for Football players. Objective: This research aims to determine the most relevant tests to examine the basic skills and physical characteristics for the football coaches in Karbala. Methods: The participants of this study includes 92 Football player (body weight 68±16 kg (mean±SD), height 172.5±17.5 cm, age 21±3 year ) who were chosen from the 4 clubs in Karbala, Iraq. Methods: To choose the appropriate tests for basic skills and physical characteristics the opinion of the experts was used followed by 2 questionnaires, scored from 1 to 5. The tests were recommended for this study and the questionnaire consisted of seven items.  The researcher adapted the questionnaires from previous studies. Results: The findings of questionnaires revealed that vertical jump and dribbling 25 m, sit down and stand up, Nelson reaction, 30 m sprint, passing with wall and Shuttle test are chosen to test the Physical characteristics in football, whereas, accuracy test for shooting, heading the ball, competitor evasion, receiving ball, zigzag dribbling and passing accuracy are chosen to test basic skills in football. Conclusion: The tests which were chosen in this study can be adopted by coaches as a practical way in Karbala and other regions in Iraq and also in other countries. The experts can use the findings of these tests and compare professional athletes and other football players. Keywords: physical characteristics; anthropometric parameters; Basic skills; footbal