Sleep Stage Classification Using a Pre-trained Deep Learning Model

One of the common human diseases is sleep disorders. The classification of sleep stages plays a fundamental role in diagnosing sleep disorders, monitoring treatment effectiveness, and understanding the relationship between sleep stages and various health conditions. A precise and efficient classification of these stages can significantly enhance our understanding of sleep-related phenomena and ultimately lead to improved health outcomes and disease treatment. Models others propose are often time-consuming and lack sufficient accuracy, especially in stage N1. The main objective of this research is to present a machine-learning model called "EEGMobile". This model utilizes pre-trained models and learns from electroencephalogram (EEG) spectrograms of brain signals. The model achieved an accuracy of 86.97% on a publicly available dataset named "Sleep-EDF20", outperforming other models proposed by different researchers. Moreover, it recorded an accuracy of 56.4% in stage N1, which is better than other models. These findings demonstrate that this model has the potential to achieve better results for the treatment of this disease.Comment: 7 pages, 5 figures, 1 tabl

A case study on the COVID-19 discourse in politicians’ speeches: Investigations into the speeches of former Iranian President Hassan Rouhani

This paper aims to analyze former Iranian President Hassan Rouhani’s thirty speeches on COVID-19 delivered between February 2, 2020 and April 27, 2020. We apply Laclau and Mouffe’s theory of discourse analysis to investigate and analyze Rouhani’s rhetorical and discursive strategies in making meaning of COVID-19. Findings showed that COVID-19 discourse in Rouhani’s speeches has mainly revolved around three nodal points: “the country”, “the enemy”, and “the state of exception”. Thus, the structural articulation of COVID-19 discourse resembles the hegemonic discourse in Iran. Our results also explain how Rouhani used COVID-19 as an empty signifier to reinforce the hegemonic discourse in Iran while trying to redefine his relations with the state-leaning organizations. Furthermore, we analyzed the rhetorical practices that Rouhani employed to articulate the COVID-19 discourse. This paper contributes to a growing body of literature into discursive aspects and implications of a global pandemic by providing empirical evidence form an understudied context: Iran

Anatomy of sour gas sweetening simulation software HYSYS with various amines

In recent decades, due to its importance for the simulation of sweetening units are taken into consideration . Natural gas often contains impurities such as carbon dioxide and hydrogen sulfide items within the gas, acid gas or sour gas is highly toxic and that they in turn can lead to corrosion of pipes and devices Hence, it must be purified before use of natural gas, ie the impurities such as carbon dioxide and hydrogen sulfide and other acid gas components can be separated and so sweet The removal of acid gases in the oil, gas & petrochemical is a very important These gases are usually by some physical or chemical solvent absorption towers, can be absorbed Alkanolan aqueous amines such as DGA and MDEA, DEA, MEA solvents commonly used in the process are important items within the natural gas sweetening In this paper, H2S and CO2 solubility in the solvent mole-time DEA, MDEA and also combinations of temperature and pressure is measured absorption tower refinery. And the absorption tower refinery using HYSYS software accurately simulated and the results for selected vehicle with real data are compared with each other and the . Keywords:Simulation, sweetening unit, sour gas, amine, software Hysys

A large left ventricular pseudoaneurysm in Behçet's disease: a case report

BACKGROUND: Behçet's disease is a collagen-vascular disease most commonly seen in Asia and Mediterranean area. Different organs and systems including cardiovascular system could be involved. Pseudoaneurysm is the most common form of arterial involvement in Behçet's disease; however, cardiac pseudoaneurysm is rare. CASE PRESENTATION: A rare case of 13 years old boy with a 4-year history of Behçet's disease with development of a huge left ventricular pseudoaneurysm is reported who had been admitted because of cough, chills, fever, and chest pain. Findings obtained on echocardiography, magnetic resonance imaging, chest computed tomography and coronary angiography confirmed a left ventricular pseudoaneurysm. There was no complication for next 24 months follow up period after surgical treatment. CONCLUSION: Considering its fatality and nonspecific manifestations, one should consider cardiac pseudoaneurysms as a potential risk in any patient with Behçet's disease

Effect of milrinone on short-term outcome of patients with myocardial dysfunction undergoing coronary artery bypass graft: A randomized controlled trial

Background: Myocardial dysfunction needing inotropic support is a typical complication after on-pump cardiac surgery. In this study, we evaluate the effect of milrinone on patients with ventricular dysfunction undergoing coronary artery bypass graft (CABG). Methods: Seventy patients with impaired left ventricular function [left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) < 35%] undergoing on-pump CABG were enrolled. Patients were randomized to receive either an intraoperative bolus of milrinone (50 &#956;g/kg) or saline as placebo followed by a 24-hour infusion of each agent (0.5 &#956;g/kg/min). Hemodynamic parameters and transthoracic echocardiographic measurement of systolic and diastolic functions were the variables evaluated. Results: Serum levels of creatine phosphokinase (CPK), the MB isoenzyme of creatine kinase (CK-MB), occurrence of myocardial ischemia or infarction, and mean duration of using inotropic agents were significantly lower in the milrinone group (p < 0.05). There were no significant differences between the two groups regarding the development of ventricular arrhythmia, duration of cardiopulmonary bypass, intra-aortic balloon pump and inotropic support requirement, duration of mechanical ventilation, duration of intensive care unit stay and mortality rate. Although mean pre-operative LVEF was significantly lower in the milrinone group, there was no significant difference between post-operative LVEFs. Conclusions: We suggest that perioperative administration of milrinone in patients undergoing on-pump CABG, especially those with low LVEF, is beneficial. (Cardiol J 2010; 17, 1: 73-78

Root and Canal Morphology of Maxillary Teeth in an Iranian Subpopulation Residing in Western Iran Using Cone-beam Computed Tomography

Introduction: Accurate information regarding the morphology of roots and canals is a prerequisite for successful endodontic treatment. This study aimed to assess the number of roots and canals and canal type of maxillary teeth according to the Vertucci’s classification in an Iranian subpopulation residing in Western Iran using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). Methods and Materials: In this cross-sectional study, a total of 1750 teeth were evaluated on CBCT scans taken for purposes other than this study. For each tooth, 250 axial, sagittal and coronal sections with 1 mm slice thickness were evaluated using NNT Viewer software. The number of roots and canals and canal type according to the Vertucci’s classification were determined and reported. Data were analyzed using descriptive and analytical statistics via Fisher’s exact test and Chi square test. All data analyses were performed using SPSS version 18. Results: All of the maxillary anterior teeth were single-rooted, and Vertucci’s type I was the most common canal type. Maxillary premolars were mostly single-rooted and Vertucci’s type I was the most common type except for the first maxillary premolars, in which type V had the highest frequency. Maxillary molars mostly had three roots and two canals in the mesiobuccal root and one canal in the distobuccal and palatal roots. Conclusion: Although the number of roots in this cross-sectional study was similar to the findings of previous studies, canal type was significantly different from the results of previous studies. The result of this study can help clinicians in efficient root canal treatment of teeth.Keywords: Cone-beam Computed Tomography; Maxilla; Root Canal Morpholog

Wpływ stosowania milrinonu na wczesne wyniki leczenia pacjentów z dysfunkcją mięśnia sercowego poddawanych pomostowaniu aortalno-wieńcowemu: badanie kontrolowane z randomizacją

Wstęp: Dysfunkcja mięśnia sercowego wymagająca stosowania leczenia inotropowego jest częstym powikłaniem zabiegów kardiochirurgicznych z wykorzystaniem krążenia pozaustrojowego. W niniejszym badaniu podjęto próbę oceny wpływu stosowania milrinonu u pacjentów z nieprawidłową czynnością mięśnia sercowego, poddawanych pomostowaniu aortalno-wieńcowemu. Metody: Do badania włączono 70 pacjentów z upośledzoną funkcją lewej komory (frakcja wyrzutowa lewej komory - LVEF < 35%), u których wykonano pomostowanie aortalno-wieńcowe. Zostali oni losowo podzieleni na dwie grupy. Osoby z jednej z nich otrzymywały w trakcie operacji milrinon w bolusie (50 &#956;g/kg mc.), natomiast chorzy z drugiej grupy roztwór soli fizjologicznej jako placebo. Następnie w każdej grupie zastosowano 24-godzinny wlew wcześniej podanej substancji w przepływie 0,5 &#956;g/kg mc./min. Analizie poddano dane hemodynamiczne oraz pomiary skurczowej i rozkurczowej funkcji serca uzyskane podczas echokardiografii przezklatkowej. Wyniki: Osoczowe stężenie kinazy fosfokreatynowej (CPK), izoenzymu MB kinazy kreatynowej (CK-MB), częstość występowania niedokrwienia lub zawału serca oraz średni czas leczenia inotropowego były znacząco niższe w grupie pacjentów otrzymujących milrinon (p < 0,05). Nie stwierdzono istotnych różnic między grupami w występowaniu arytmii komorowych, długości trwania krążenia pozaustrojowego i wentylacji mechanicznej, konieczności stosowania kontrapulsacji wewnątrzaortalnej i leczenia inotropowego, długości pobytu na oddziale intensywnej opieki medycznej oraz śmiertelności. Mimo że średnia LVEF była istotnie niższa u pacjentów otrzymujących milrinon, nie stwierdzono istotnych różnic w średniej LVEF w pooperacyjnej obserwacji badanych grup. Wnioski: Okołooperacyjne stosowanie milrinonu jest korzystne u pacjentów poddawanych pomostowaniu aortalno-wieńcowemu z wykorzystaniem krążenia pozaustrojowego, zwłaszcza u chorych z obniżoną LVEF. (Folia Cardiologica Excerpta 2010; 5, 5: 266-272

Gliotoxin Targets Nuclear NOTCH2 in Human Solid Tumor Derived Cell Lines In Vitro and Inhibits Melanoma Growth in Xenograft Mouse Model

Deregulation of NOTCH2 signaling is implicated in a wide variety of human neoplasias. The current concept of targeting NOTCH is based on using gamma secretase inhibitors (GSI) to regulate the release of the active NOTCH intracellular domain. However, the clinical outcome of GSI remains unsatisfactory. Therefore we analyzed human solid tumor derived cell lines for their nuclear NOTCH activity and evaluated the therapeutic potential of the NOTCH2 transactivation inhibitor gliotoxin in comparison to the representative GSI DAPT. Electrophoretic mobility shift assays (EMSA) were used as a surrogate method for the detection of NOTCH/CSL transcription factor complexes. The effect of gliotoxin on cell viability and its clinical relevance was evaluated in vitro and in a melanoma xenograft mouse model. Cell lines derived from melanoma (518A2), hepatocellular carcinoma (SNU398, HCC-3, Hep3B), and pancreas carcinoma (PANC1) express high amounts of nuclear NOTCH2. Gliotoxin efficiently induced apoptosis in these cell lines whereas the GSI DAPT was ineffective. The specificity of gliotoxin was demonstrated in the well differentiated nuclear NOTCH negative cell line Huh7, which was resistant to gliotoxin treatment in vitro. In xenotransplanted 518A2 melanomas, a single day dosing schedule of gliotoxin was well tolerated without any study limiting side effects. Gliotoxin significantly reduced the tumor volume in early (83 mm3 vs. 115 mm3, p = 0.008) as well as in late stage (218 mm3 vs. 576 mm3, p = 0.005) tumor models. In conclusion, NOTCH2 appears to be a key target of gliotoxin in human neoplasias and gliotoxin deserves further evaluation as a potential therapeutic agent in cancer management

Dynamical Control of Accuracy Using the Stochastic Arithmetic to Estimate Double and Improper Integrals

The CESTAC (Control et Estimation STochastique des Arrondis de Calculs) method is based on a probabilistic approach of the round-off error propagation which replaces the floating-point arithmetic by the stochastic arithmetic. This is an efficient method to estimate the accuracy of the results. In this paper, we present the reliable schemes using the CESTAC method to estimate the definite double integral I = ({int_a^b}{int_c^d})f(x,y)dydx and the improper integral I = (int_a^infty)f(x)dx , where a, b, c, d ∈ R, by applying the trapezoidal or Simpson\u27s rule. For each kind of integrals, we prove a theorem to show the accuracy of the results. According to these theorems, one can find an optimal value number of the points which we can find the best approximation of I from the computer point of view. Also, we observe that by using the stochastic arithmetic, we are able to validate the results