Effects of Age and Season on Serum Testosterone Level in Male Buffaloes

The aim of the present study was to detect the changes occurring in serum testosterone profile in male buffaloes. Thirty blood samples from apparently healthy slaughtered male buffaloes were taken and divided into three age groups, 1.5–1.8, 2 –2.5 and 3–4 years. Scrotal circumference and testicular measurements were conducted and the seminal glands were obtained immediately after slaughter. The fructose content was determined in tissue of seminal gland using spectrophotometer. Our investigations were extended to determine the effect of the seasons on serum testosterone levels (Indoor study). There were significant differences between scrotal circumference, testicular and seminal glands measurements with the age of the animals. There were no significant differences neither between average fructose content of seminal glands (mg/ gland) nor fructose concentration per 1 g. tissue with age, were detected. In addition, it is noticed that the serum testosterone level was higher in the first group (1. 5–1.8 years), then a decline in testosterone levels was recorded from 2.0–2.5 to 3–4 years of age with no significant difference between the different groups. A higher mean testosterone concentration (1.72 ng/ ml) was recorded in autumn, while the lowest average concentration (0.77 ng / ml) was recorded in winter. However, there was no significant difference in testosterone levels between different seasons of the year. Hence, we could suppose that the Egyptian water buffalo bull has no typical breeding season

Enhancing image captioning with depth information using a Transformer-based framework

Captioning images is a challenging scene-understanding task that connects computer vision and natural language processing. While image captioning models have been successful in producing excellent descriptions, the field has primarily focused on generating a single sentence for 2D images. This paper investigates whether integrating depth information with RGB images can enhance the captioning task and generate better descriptions. For this purpose, we propose a Transformer-based encoder-decoder framework for generating a multi-sentence description of a 3D scene. The RGB image and its corresponding depth map are provided as inputs to our framework, which combines them to produce a better understanding of the input scene. Depth maps could be ground truth or estimated, which makes our framework widely applicable to any RGB captioning dataset. We explored different fusion approaches to fuse RGB and depth images. The experiments are performed on the NYU-v2 dataset and the Stanford image paragraph captioning dataset. During our work with the NYU-v2 dataset, we found inconsistent labeling that prevents the benefit of using depth information to enhance the captioning task. The results were even worse than using RGB images only. As a result, we propose a cleaned version of the NYU-v2 dataset that is more consistent and informative. Our results on both datasets demonstrate that the proposed framework effectively benefits from depth information, whether it is ground truth or estimated, and generates better captions. Code, pre-trained models, and the cleaned version of the NYU-v2 dataset will be made publically available.Comment: 19 pages, 5 figures, 13 table

Emotional Intelligence and Conflict Management Styles among Nurse Managers at Assiut University Hospitals

Nursing is an emotionally charged profession. The competence to manage emotion and interpersonal conflict effectively is essential for nurse managers. The aims of the present study are to determine emotional intelligence and conflict management styles used by nurse managers at Assuit University Hospitals, and examine the relationship between Emotional Intelligence and Conflict Management Styles among nurse managers at Assiut University Hospitals. A descriptive design is utilized in the present study. The present study conducted in all units of Assiut University Hospitals,  The present study included all nurses' managers who are working in different departments at the time of the study. Self–administered questionnaire sheet which consist of three parts: 1st part Personal characteristics data as name of the hospital, age, gender, marital status, educational level, and years of experience, 2nd part Emotional Intelligence Questionnaire which consists of seventeen items, and 3rd part Conflict Management Questionnaire which consists of 21 items. Results displayed a  highest mean scores of conflict management styles used by nurse managers was smoothing at main Hospital ,While, at Women Health Hospital was forcing style compared to confrontational conflict management style at Pediatric Hospital. More than half of nurse managers at Assiut University Hospitals had a mild emotional intelligence level. there is a negative correlation between emotional intelligence and avoiding conflict style (-0.080). The study concluded that forcing and smoothing conflict management styles were the most two  used by the nurse managers in handling conflict with their subordinates. Emotional Intelligence level  was mild among studied nurse managers. Emotional intelligence was positively associated with forcing and smoothing conflict management styles that used by nurse managers. The study recommended of applying of conflict management training programs to teach people to step back and consider outcomes including EI from the perspective of team objectives, Keywords: Nurse managers-  Emotional intelligence- conflict- Management- Styles

Opportunities and challenges in personalized MOOC experience

To provide MOOC participants with efficient learning resources and feedback according to the unique needs of each learner is obvious a greater challenge. In this paper, we describe the top five challenges that have the power to hinder the overall personalize MOOC experience. In addition to that, we suggest new opportunities considering individual differences in order to support personalized MOOC experienc