159 research outputs found
Dwarf cavendish as a source of natural fibers in poly(propylene)-based composites
Composite materials were prepared by com pounding and hot-pressing PP or MAPP and lignocellulosic
fibers extracted from the rachis of Musa acuminate Colla var.
Dwarf Cavendish banana tree. The fibers were used as raw
filler or after a chemical treatment expected to remove most
of the extractible compounds. The resulting materials were
characterized using SEM, DSC, DMA, tensile tests and water
sorption experiments. All results show that the main aspect
involved in the interfacial adhesion between the polar filler
and the non-polar matrix is the extraction of lignin and fatty
substances. This results in higher values of the degree of
crystallinity and crystallization temperature of the matrix,
higher mechanical properties and lower water sensitivity.
Scanning electron micrograph showing the cross section of
the lignocellulosic filler obtained from rachis of banana tree:
(a) raw, and (b) extracted fibers.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
Urethanes and polyurethanes from suberin: 1. Kinetic study
Within the context of a study on the preparation and the characterization of polyurethanes based on suberin, as
a polyol, and conventional polyisocyanates, it was deemed necessary to carry out a preliminary study on the reactivity
of the hydroxy functions of suberin. Aliphatic and aromatic mono- and di-isocyanates were tested and the kinetics
of this system followed the classical second order up to conversions of about 85%. The influence of the steric
hindrance and the electronic factors, linked to the specific structures of both types of isocyanates, was established.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
Surface properties of suberin
The surface energy of suberin was determined by four different methods, namely, (i) contact angle measurements, (ii) Wilhelmy plate measurements, (iii) maximum bubble pressure, and (iv) inverse gas chromatography (IGC). The first three methods gave a gammasub value in the range 40-50 mN m-1 at room temperature. The major component of this value reflects the dispersive contribution. The IGC measurements showed a higher dispersive term, which is common with this method of characterization. The surface acid (A)/base (B) properties were also evaluated, and the results indicated that suberin has an acidic character.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
Surface modification of banana-based lignocellulose fibres
Lignocellulosic raw materials were isolated from rachis of Musa acuminata Colla var.
cavendish and characterised before and after chemical modification. The rachis was submitted to
different mechanical treatments, milling and defibration, resulting in rachis powder and rachis fi bers, respectively. The chemical composition of these two samples was established and it was
shown that rachis fibres exhibited higher polysaccharide and lignin contents and lower amounts of
ash and extractives components, as compared with the rachis powder. The effects of solvent extrac tion, alkali treatment and chemical modification using phenyl isocyanate, maleic anhydride, alkenyl
succinic anhydride and alkyl ketone dimer as grafting agents were studied. The materials were
characterized in terms of chemical structure by ATR–FT-IR and 13C-CP-MAS-NMR spectroscopy,
morphology by scanning electron microscopy and surface energies by inverse gas chromatography
and contact angle measurements. The surface energy of these materials was found to be very close
to other similar lignocellulosic materials. Finally, the water absorption of these materials before and
after treatment was ascertained. The modified fibres showed considerable changes in ATR–FT-IR
and 13C-CP-MAS-NMR spectra and surface properties, providing very convincing evidence that
chemical grafting had occurred.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
Multilayers of Renewable Nanostructured Materials with High Oxygen and Water Vapor Barriers for Food Packaging
Natural biopolymers have become key players in the preparation of biodegradable food packaging. However, biopolymers are typically highly hydrophilic, which imposes limitations in terms of barrier properties that are associated with water interactions. Here, we enhance the barrier properties of biobased packaging using multilayer designs, in which each layer displays a complementary barrier function. Oxygen, water vapor, and UV barriers were achieved using a stepwise assembly of cellulose nanofibers, biobased wax, and lignin particles supported by chitin nanofibers. We first engineered several designs containing CNFs and carnauba wax. Among them, we obtained low water vapor permeabilities in an assembly containing three layers, i.e., CNF/wax/CNF, in which wax was present as a continuous layer. We then incorporated a layer of lignin nanoparticles nucleated on chitin nanofibrils (LPChNF) to introduce a complete barrier against UV light, while maintaining film translucency. Our multilayer design which comprised CNF/wax/LPChNF enabled high oxygen (OTR of 3 +/- 1 cm(3)/m(2).day) and water vapor (WVTR of 6 +/- 1 g/m(2).day) barriers at 50% relative humidity. It was also effective against oil penetration. Oxygen permeability was controlled by the presence of tight networks of cellulose and chitin nanofibers, while water vapor diffusion through the assembly was regulated by the continuous wax layer. Lastly, we showcased our fully renewable packaging material for preservation of the texture of a commercial cracker (dry food). Our material showed functionality similar to that of the original packaging, which was composed of synthetic polymers.Peer reviewe
The surface modification of cellulose fibres in view of their use as reinforcing elements in composite materials
Cellulose fibre modification in view of using them as adsorbent of water soluble organic molecules
Co-continuous approach: a new way of cellulose fiber surface modification to improve cellulose based composites properties
Cellulose surface grafting with polycaprolactone by heterogeneous click-chemistry
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