Impact of Boiler Breeders Hatching Eggs Disinfection Time on Some Hatchability Parameters

(Control of microorganisms on hatching eggshell surface requires an effective disinfectant to kill the pathogens without injury to the live chick embryo. The present experiment was carried out to study the effect of hatching egg sanitization time by different disinfectants on some hatchability parameters

Dietary clenbuterol modifies the expression of genes involved in the regulation of lipid metabolism and growth in the liver, skeletal muscle, and adipose tissue of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)

The current study aimed to evaluate whether clenbuterol, a β2-adrenergic agonist, supplementation in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) diets can influence growth and blood parameters. Besides, assessment of adipogenic genes as fatty acid synthase (FAS) and lipoprotein lipase (LPL) which is a key enzyme in the regulation of the flux of fatty acids in liver, muscle, and adipose tissue as well as muscle growth-regulating genes as myostatin (MYO) in muscle and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) in liver. The fish were allocated into three equal groups; control group that fed basal diet only and the other two groups fed a basal diet containing clenbuterol at two doses 5 ppm and 10 ppm/kg diet for 30 consecutive days. Results revealed that clenbuterol supplementation significantly increased body weight, decreased liver, spleen and abdominal fat weights, and decreased total circulatory cholesterol and triacylglycerol levels. Moreover, clenbuterol inhibits lipogenesis by downregulation of FAS gene expression by dose and time-dependent manner in the liver while enhanced lipolysis in both the liver and in the adipose tissue. Moreover, lipolysis was reduced in muscle by dose 10 ppm on day 30. Furthermore, clenbuterol presented higher gene expression of MYO and IGF-1 in muscle and liver respectively by dose 5 ppm at day 15 on the other hand, these findings were reversed by day 30 compared with control. In conclusion, clenbuterol efficacy was apparent in a dose and time response pattern to boost growth and reduce fat deposition rates, indicating for the first time that clenbuterol has a profitable growth impact on Nile tilapia

THE EFFECT OF THE GLOBAL FOOD AND ECONOMIC CRISES ONPOVERTY IN EGYPT

Over the last Three years, the Egyptian economy has been exposed to two worldcrises: the first was the world food crisis that started in the second half of 2007,and thesecond was the world economic crisis, whose consequences began tomanifest themselves globally in September 2008. This study aims to determinethe quantitative impact of the world economic crisis–and before it, the worldfood crisis–on poverty rates inEgypt, whether at the national level or on thelevel of the urban and rural sectors, in light of various economic crisis scenarios.Andthe effect of therevolution,January 25, 2011oneconomicpoliciesto reducepoverty inEgypt. The research methodologyadopted relies on the application ofsimulation tools for social indicators and poverty known as SimSIP to reveal theeffect of external shocks–the food crisis followed by the economic crisis–oneconomic growth and inequality in income distribution, and hence, on povertyrates–while making use of the analysis of specific scenarios related to worldprices and their impacts on local prices and incomes. In applying the model, 2005CAPMAS data on Household Income, Expenditure and Consumption Survey(HIECS) , grouped by income categories, are used

The effect of accelerated pulsed high-fluence corneal cross-linking on corneal endothelium; a prospective specular microscopy study

Abstract Background Corneal collagen cross-linking (CXL) is a procedure utilized for halting keratoconus progression with different approved protocols. The current study aimed to assess the corneal endothelial changes following the relatively new accelerated pulsed high-fluence protocol of epithelium-off corneal cross-linking for the treatment of mild to moderate keratoconus. Methods This prospective case series study enrolled 45 eyes of 27 patients with mild to moderate progressive keratoconus who underwent accelerated pulsed high-fluence CXL (pl-ACXL, 30 mW/ cm2 UVA at 365 nm wavelength, 8 min pulsed mode 1 s on / 1 s off with a total energy of 7.2 J/ cm2). The main outcome measures were corneal endothelial changes assessed by specular microscopy at 3 and 6 months postoperatively including endothelial cell density (ECD), coefficient of variation, percentage of hexagonal cells, average, minimum and maximum endothelial cell sizes. Demarcation line depth was assessed 1 month following surgery. Results The mean age of the studied sample was 24.89 ± 7.21. The mean preoperative ECD (2944.6 ± 247.41 cell/mm2) showed non-significant reduction at 3 and 6 months postoperatively (2931.03 ± 253.82 and 2924.7 ± 224.88 cell/mm2, respectively, P-value = 0.361). There were no significant changes in the mean coefficient of variation, percentage of hexagonal cells, average, minimum and maximum endothelial cell sizes at 3 and 6 months following pl-ACXL (P-value > 0.05). The mean demarcation line depth 1 month after pl-ACXL was 214 ± 17.43 μm. Conclusions Corneal endothelial changes following accelerated pulsed high-fluence CXL were minimal with stability of endothelial cell count and non-significant morphological changes. Trial Registration Clinicaltrials.gov: NCT04160338 (13/11/2019)

Basics in hip chondrolabral lesions and state of the art

Chondrolabral complex is a weak point along an histological transition zone. Most cartilage and labral lesions in the femoroacetabular impingement syndrome are located in this area. Different classifications are used to evaluate the severity and predict the prognosis of chondrolabral complex injuries. Acetabular Labrum Articular Disruption (ALAD) and Multicenter Arthroscopy of the Hip Outcomes Research Network (MAHORN) classifications are commonly used with a prognosis and treatment implication. Treatment of chondrolabral lesions detected on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), should only be considered when clinical symptoms are presented. A wide range of treatment options include debridement with or without microfracture, repair or regenerate therapies. The future of hip joint preservation should be directed towards to the development of the treatment of chondrolabral injuries

Correction Notice to: Arabic translation and validation of three knee scores, Lysholm Knee Score (LKS), Oxford Knee Score (OKS), and International Knee Documentation Committee Subjective Knee Form (IKDC)

Aim of the work: Translation and validation of three commonly used knee scores to Arabic language: the Lysholm Knee Score (LKS), the Oxford Knee Score (OKS), and IKDC Subjective Knee Form. Methods: Our work focused on translation and validation of the LKS, OKS and IKDC. Construct validity was assessed by comparing the LKS, OKS, and IKDC Subjective Knee Form and previous Arabic translated version of Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS). Test−retest reliability, internal consistency, and construct validity were assessed, using Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC), Cronbach's alpha, and Pearson correlation coefficient (r). Results: Reliability was excellent for the Arabic IKDC subjective form (0.95), while the Arabic LKS and the Arabic OKS were good: 0.8 and 0.85, respectively. The Cronbach's ά was excellent for the Arabic LKS and Arabic OKS: 0.9 and 0.90, respectively, while the Arabic IKDC subjective form was good (0.89). Construct validity was high for the Arabic LKS and the Arabic OKS: 0.7 and 0.913, respectively, while the Arabic IKDC was moderate (0.4) in cases of ACL and meniscus injuries and mild (0.18) in cases of osteoarthritis. Conclusion: Arabic LKS and Arabic OKS were reliable and valid scores for patients complaining of ligamentous injuries, meniscus injuries, and osteoarthritis to be used for Arabic-speaking people, while the Arabic IKDC had excellent reliability and mild validity in cases of osteoarthritis and moderate validity in cases of ACL and meniscus injuries

A case report of severe hyponatremia secondary to Paxlovid‐induced SIADH

Key Clinical Message Nirmatrelvir‐ritonavir (Paxlovid) is a brand‐new oral antiviral medication for treating mild to severe COVID‐19. The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) issued an Emergency Use Authorization (EUA) for ritonavir‐nirmatrelvir on December 22, 2021, to treat COVID‐19. We describe a case of mild COVID‐19 infection who developed severe hyponatremia following the administration of Paxlovid. Clinical and laboratory evaluations suggest SIADH, likely secondary to Paxlovid. The potential side effects of this medication still require further study

Abstract Number ‐ 52: Stem Cell Therapy for Ischemic Stroke: A Meta‐Analysis of 18 Studies including 724 Patients

Introduction The published clinical data assessing stem cell therapy for ischemic stroke (IS) are inconclusive. We conducted this comprehensive meta‐analysis to evaluate the efficacy and safety of stem cell therapy in the treatment of IS. Methods We searched electronic databases/search engines for studies comparing stem cell therapy to control in the treatment of IS from inception to June 2022. References were screened manually for eligibility. The relevant baseline data along with outcomes measured by modified Rankin scale (mRS), National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS), Barthel index (BI) and death were extracted and analyzed. Results We included 18 studies (12 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and six non‐RCTs) comprising a total of 724 patients including 365 in the stem cells and 359 in the control group. Pooled results considering the last follow‐up point across 12 studies showed that stem cells significantly decreased mRS scores in relation to control (MD = ‐0.265, 95% CI [‐0.403 to ‐0.1269], P‐value = 0.00017). There was no publication bias (P = 0.4). The univariate meta‐regression demonstrated that route of administration, stem cell type, stroke type, and study design did not significantly contribute to the heterogeneity of the stem cells effect estimate (P >0.05). Additional analyses showed no significant differences in mRS scores between stem cells and control after seven days to three months (n = seven studies; MD = ‐0.039, 95% CI [‐0.22 to 0.15], P‐value = 0.681) and six to twelve months (n = ten studies; MD = ‐0.13, 95% CI [‐0.37 to 0.089], P‐value = 0.234). However, stem cells significantly decreased mRS scores in relation to control after two to four years (n = four studies; MD = ‐0.28, 95% CI [‐0.49 to ‐0.068], P‐value = 0.0096). Similarly, pooled results considering the last follow‐up point across nine studies showed that stem cells marginally decreased NIHSS scores in relation to control (MD = ‐1.185, 95% CI [‐2.37 to 0.00], P‐value = 0.05) with no publication bias (P = 0.5). Moreover, pooled results from 11 studies showed that stem cells significantly increased BI in relation to control (MD = 5.36, 95% CI [2.51 to 8.21], P‐value = 0.0002) with no publication bias (P = 0.675). Pooled results from 17 studies showed that stem cells treatment was significantly associated with lower risk of death in relation to control group (RR = 0.565, 95% CI [0.345 to 0.927], P‐value = 0.024). Conclusions Stem cell therapy for the treatment of IS seems to be associated with improved functional outcomes and reduced mortality. Notably, the demonstration of the functional outcome benefit appears to be more evident on longer follow‐up times (>2 years). Additional prospective studies are needed and should consider longer follow‐up periods

Pancreatic surgery outcomes: multicentre prospective snapshot study in 67 countries

Background: Pancreatic surgery remains associated with high morbidity rates. Although postoperative mortality appears to have improved with specialization, the outcomes reported in the literature reflect the activity of highly specialized centres. The aim of this study was to evaluate the outcomes following pancreatic surgery worldwide.Methods: This was an international, prospective, multicentre, cross-sectional snapshot study of consecutive patients undergoing pancreatic operations worldwide in a 3-month interval in 2021. The primary outcome was postoperative mortality within 90 days of surgery. Multivariable logistic regression was used to explore relationships with Human Development Index (HDI) and other parameters.Results: A total of 4223 patients from 67 countries were analysed. A complication of any severity was detected in 68.7 percent of patients (2901 of 4223). Major complication rates (Clavien-Dindo grade at least IIIa) were 24, 18, and 27 percent, and mortality rates were 10, 5, and 5 per cent in low-to-middle-, high-, and very high-HDI countries respectively. The 90-day postoperative mortality rate was 5.4 per cent (229 of 4223) overall, but was significantly higher in the low-to-middle-HDI group (adjusted OR 2.88, 95 per cent c.i. 1.80 to 4.48). The overall failure-to-rescue rate was 21 percent; however, it was 41 per cent in low-to-middle-compared with 19 per cent in very high-HDI countries.Conclusion: Excess mortality in low-to-middle-HDI countries could be attributable to failure to rescue of patients from severe complications. The authors call for a collaborative response from international and regional associations of pancreatic surgeons to address management related to death from postoperative complications to tackle the global disparities in the outcomes of pancreatic surgery (NCT04652271; ISRCTN95140761)