Perceptions of mental illness among Muslim general practitioners in South Africa

KMBackground: Mental health literacy on the part of medical practitioners is an important component of mental healthcare. General practitioners (GPs) are typically the first doctors consulted by a person who is ill. Exploration of their perceptions regarding mental illness, aetiological issues and treatment is important. Objective: To investigate perceptions of mental illness in a sample of ten South African Muslim GPs (five male, five female) in the Lenasia area (Johannesburg, South Africa). Methods: Using a qualitative approach, semi-structured interviews were conducted with each GP. The questionnaire encompassed 37 questions relating to the context in which the GPs practised, perceptions of mental illness, understanding of religion and culture, and treatment of mental illness (including aspects of spiritual illness). Thematic content analysis was used to analyse the data. Results: Six dominant themes were identified, namely GPs' understanding of mental illness and its causation; stigma, secrecy and somatisation; the beneficial effects of religion in mental illnesses; perceptions of spiritual illnesses; collaboration with traditional healers; and collaboration with psychiatrists and psychologists. Conclusion: Greater awareness regarding the stigmatisation of mental illness is needed. Furthermore, it is important that healthcare professionals have an understanding of religious and cultural taxonomies of illness as well as the use of traditional healing as a mode of treatment. Participants identified a need for increased collaboration between healthcare professionals, including traditional healers

Mo (VI)/ZrO2 coated on honeycomb monolith as solid acid green catalyst for the acetylation of substituted alcohols and amines under solvent free conditions

553-561Honeycomb (HC) monolith coated with solid acids such as Mo (VI)/ZrO2 (MZ) with different Mo loadings (2, 6 and 10%) have been prepared by wet impregnation method and characterized by NH3 –TPD, BET surface area, PXRD, ICP-OES, SEM, TEM and EDAX techniques. These catalysts have been used as for the synthesis of O and N-acetylation reactions by the condensation of various alcohols with acetic anhydride under solvent free conditions in shorter times (20 min) at moderate temperature (70°C). Especially, 6% Mo (VI)/ZrO2 catalysts are found to be highly acidic and also resulted in high yields of O and N acetylated products up to ~99%. This methodology offers several advantages such as excellent yields, easy procedure, mild and environmentally benign conditions. MZ catalysts are found to be economical, efficient and highly active, recyclable and reusable up to 6 reaction cycles without much loss of their activity

The dividend payout policy - a study on Malaysian financial institutions

The purpose of this study is to identify the determinants of dividend policy in Malaysian financial institutions. Panel data set were constructed from 33 financial institutions in Malaysia for a period of 10 years (2001-2010). The results show a statistically significant positive relationship between dividend policy and profitability, which implies that Malaysian financial institutions distribute higher dividends when they record higher profitability. Lagged dividend also shows a positive significant relationship with dividend policy, which implies that financial institutions in Malaysia follow a stable dividend policy that maintains regularity of dividend payments with gradual adjustments of dividend payments towards the target payout. On the other hand, leverage shows a significant negative relationship with dividend policy, which means that a riskier financial institution pays out lower dividends. In conclusion, profitability, lagged dividend and leverage are found to be the major determinants of dividend policy in relation to Malaysian financial institutions. The results support the agency cost theory, signaling theory and the free cash flow hypothesis

Reason Maintenance in Product Modelling via Open Source CAD System

The present and future challenges of a new product design, forecasting and risk management launch strategy for a new product modelling decision process. This paper intends to propose and to look towards the development of a low-cost integrated CAD-CAPP-CAD/CAM product modelling system for the design and manufacture of a proposed product. It is a mapping between several design phases like functional design, technical design and physical design. The modelling data generation process begins with the drafting of a product to be maintained using the drafting software package. From the CAD drawing, the data are transferred to be used as the product models and a CAPP software package will then prepare the operational parameters for the manufacturing of the product. These process data are relayed to a CAM software package, which will then generate the automating information processing functions. The final stage of the function is to support design and manufacturing operations that may have reaped many benefits in terms of its initial equipment and software costs

Oscillating Magnetohydrodynamic Stability Self-gravitating Fluid Cylinder Pervaded By General Varying Magnetic Field

The dispersion relation of magnetohydrodynamic stability of an oscillation self-gravitating flowing fluid cylindrical enclosed by varying magnetic field is studied. The problem is specified, investigated analytically and the data verified mathematically, the fundamental equations are resolved, non-singular solutions are found using the proper boundary circumstances, also, derived the total second order integro-differential equation of Mathieu equation type. Just the small axisymmetric region is destabilized by the capillary force but is stabilized by the otherwise perturbation modes. The constant magnetic field that permeates the fluid is strongly stabilized regardless of the perturbation type, while the varied magnetic field bound the fluid is completely destabilized in axisymmetric mode(m=0), but it is either so or not in the non-axisymmetric ( ≥ 1) perturbation per the constraint. Moreover, the fluids oscillating flow has a potent inclination to stabilize. Once the capillary forces destabilising effect on the model is diminished and subdued, stability develops

Magnetohydrodynamic Stability of Self-gravitating Streaming Fluid Cylinder

The stability self- gravitating magneto-hydrodynamic of the cylinder flowing fluid was examined. Relation of eigenvalue is derivative. Analytical, the findings were explained, and numerically, they were confirmed. The magnetic and capillary are very strong stabilise, while the streaming is destabilise. The (un)-stable domains are specified. Checked the capillary effect and magnetic fields have an effect just on models self-gravitating instabilities