The role of field redefinition on renormalisability of a general N=12N=\frac{1}{2} supersymmetric gauge theories

We investigate some issues on renormalisability of non-anticommutative supersymmetric gauge theory related to field redefinitions. We study one loop corrections to $N=\frac{1}{2}$ supersymmetric $SU(N)\times U(1)$ gauge theory coupled to chiral matter in component formalism, and show the procedure which has been introduced for renormalisation is problematic because some terms which are needed for the renormalisability of theory are missed from the Lagrangian. In order to prove the theory is renormalisable, we redefine the gaugino and the auxiliary fields($\lambda, \bar F$), which result in a modified form of the Lagrangian in the component formalism. Then, we show the modified Lagrangian has extra terms which are necessary for renormalisability of non-anticommutative supersymmetric gauge field theories. Finally we prove $N = \frac{1}{2}$ supersymmetric gauge theory is renormalisable up to one loop corrections using standard method of renormalisation; besides, it is shown the effective action is gauge invariant.Comment: arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:hep-th/0505248 by other author

Quantum gravitational optics in the field of a gravitomagnetic monopole

Vacuum polarization in QED in a background gravitational field induces interactions which {\it effectively} modify the classical picture of light rays as the null geodesics of spacetime. After a short introduction on the main aspects of the quantum gravitational optics, as a nontrivial example, we study this effect in the background of NUT space characterizing the spacetime of a spherical mass endowed with a gravitomagnetic monopole charge, the so called NUT factor.Comment: 9 pages, title changed and the text abridged for publication in the Journal of Physics: Conference serie

ESTIMATION OF HORSE LEG MUSCLES FORCE DURING JUMPING

The purpose of the present study was to estimate horses’ leg muscle forces in jump height during jumping a spread fence of different heights. A digital camcorder was used (25 Hz) along with Ulead Studio program in order to obtain time, muscle lengths at rest, compression, extension, jump distance, and various angles in horse’s legs data. The total jump distance and time of flight for each horse were measured with a precision of 10m and 10s respectively. Biomechanical formulae have been established in order to evaluate the muscles stiffness coefficients. Three groups of leg muscles; serratus ventralis, biceps brachii, and radial carpal extensor were considered in this study and their forces were successfully estimated

Structure and function relationship of human heart from DENSE MRI

The study here, suggests a macroscopic structure for the Left Ventricle (LV), based on the heart kinematics which is obtained through imaging. The measurement of the heart muscle deformation using the Displacement ENcoding with Stimulated Echoes (DENSE) MRI, which describes the heart kinematics in the Lagrangian frame work, is used to determine the high resolution patterns of true myocardial strain. Subsequently, the tangential Shortening Index (SI) and the thickening of the LV wall are calculated for each data point. Considering the heart as a positive-displacement pump, the contribution of each segment of LV in the heart function, can be determined by the SI and thickening of the wall in the same portion. Hence the SI isosurfaces show the extent and spatial distribution of the heart activity and reveals its macro structure. The structure and function of the heart are, therefore, related which in turn results in a macroscopic model for the LV. In particular, it was observed that the heart functionality is not uniformly distributed in the LV, and the regions with greater effect on the pumping process, form a band which wraps around the heart. These results, which are supported by the established histological evidence, may be considered as a landmark in connecting the structure and function of the heart through imaging. Furthermore, the compatibility of this model with microscopic observations about the fiber direction is investigated [1]. This method may be used for planning as well as post evaluation of the ventriculoplasty

Clinical effectiveness of a pain psychology service within an outpatient secondary care setting

Purpose Data gathered from routine clinical settings is complementary to evidence garnered from controlled efficacy trials. This paper presents individual-level analysis of changes in a group of patients discharged from psychological therapy within an outpatient pain service. The service had recently shifted from a traditional cognitive-behavioural approach to one underpinned by Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT). Design/methodology/approach Reliable and clinically significant change methodology was applied to CORE-10 outcomes for 27 patients discharged during 2013-14. Outcomes were compared to 2012-13. A patient satisfaction questionnaire was administered and functional outcomes were collated. Findings Outcomes were not adversely affected by the shift in service focus as clients demonstrating reliably improvement increased from 2012-13; 81% reliably improved, 44% made a clinically significant improvement. Increases in returning to work/unpaid activities at post-treatment were noted. The service met a number of NICE quality standards concerning the “relational” aspects of care. Research limitations/implications Clinically effectiveness is evaluated through one outcome measure thereby limiting conclusions. The longer term effectiveness of the service remains unclear. Narrow demographic information limits an assessment of any systematic biases in findings. Little is known about treatment drop-outs. Practical implications A number of recommendations concerning data collection and future service evaluations are made. Originality/value This paper contributes towards the evidence-base for using psychological therapies with clients experiencing chronic pain and related distress. Importantly, the paper complements evidence for general efficacy (from large-scale controlled studies) through an evaluation of real-world effectiveness (i.e., practice-based evidence)

Comparing the effect of using normal saline, N-acetyl cysteine and not using them in endotracheal tube suction on physiologic parameters and the amount of secretions in intubated patients under mechanical ventilation

Aims: Today a large number of patients hospitalized in Intensive Care Unit need mechanical ventilation via an artificial air way. Since these patients have endotracheal tube, endotracheal suctioning is necessary for increasing oxygenation, cleaning the airway and keeping it open. But this method consists of various side effects such as increased blood pressure and heart rate and respiratory rate, cyanosis, dizziness and increased intracranial pressure and hypoxia. This study aimed at comparing the effect of using normal saline serum, N-acetyl cysteine and not using them in endotracheal suctioning on physiologic parameters and the amount of secretions in intubated patients under mechanical ventilation. Material & Methods: It was a controlled clinical trial study with random allocation that was performed on 54 intubated patients hospitalized in ICU of health educational centers of Babol Medical Sciences University in 2014. Endotracheal tube suctioning was performed for each patient once without saline, the second time with 3 ml of normal saline and the third time with 2 ml of N-acetyl cysteine. Blood pressure, Heart rate, Respiratory rate, Arterial oxygen saturation were measured and recorded before each stage of suctioning and two and five minutes after that. Amount of secretions was measured after each method of suctioning. Data were analyzed by SPSS16 statistical software, variance analysis with repeated measures, ANOVA and paired t statistical tests. Results: Blood pressure, Heart rate and Respiratory rate were increased after suction in all the three groups, but these changes were higher in the group that received normal saline. Mean decrease of Arterial oxygen saturation was more in the method of receiving normal saline (p<0.05). The amount of secretion was more in the method of receiving N-acetyl cysteine (p=0.004). Conclusions: Endotracheal tube suctioning by using normal saline had more adverse effects on post- suction physiological parameters in compare with the other two methods. Therefore, it is recommended to not use normal saline in endotracheal tube suctioning to the possible extent, and if removing secretions is required, endotracheal N_acetyl cysteine should be used according to the patient's condition

Viro: The Future of Online Learning Interfaces

poster abstractThe need for a virtual classroom in which the professor and students can discuss and interact in real time is a paramount consideration regarding the future of online learning. The pervasive nature of online coursework has exposed deficiencies in monitoring the integrity of the student work and maintaining a student to instructor connection similar to live classes. The purpose of this project is to address these deficiencies by developing, Viro, a more realistic virtual classroom. Viro is designed to address the most common deficiencies citied by educators and students in past studies of currently available online education platforms: identification, work sharing, timely communication, and customization. Viro will provide authenticated attendance using identification provided by a school’s current authentication and authorization systems, application and screen sharing, where the professor or student may share their computer screens in order to provide examples or receive immediate feedback, group and individual messaging that allows the professor to address questions to an individual or the entire class, and a development platform allowing customization of the Viro to meet an instructor’s requirements. With an emphasis on education, the Viro’s design incorporates images and graphics that are commonly associated with learning, such as binders, folders, and bulletin boards, creating a familiar interface that mimics classroom and study environments. These aesthetics not only contribute to Viro’s design, but also play a part in it being easily understandable by a large number of users. The arrangements of its different components work in line with its pages’ aesthetics to progress towards a future of ideal online education. After a functional prototype of Viro is created, testing by larger numbers of students and educators will commence in phases

Fermat's principle in quantum gravitational optics

Interactions incorporating the vacuum polarization effects in curved backgrounds modify the null cone structure in such a way that the photon trajectories would not be the space-time geodesics anymore. The gravitational birefringence introduced as a direct consequence of these effects, will allow shifts in the photon velocities leading to polarization dependent superluminal propagation. Taking these effects into account we study Fermat's principle in the context of the 1+3 (threading) formulation of the space-time decomposition. We find an expression for the modified spacetime refractive index and show it is proportional to the light cone correction to the first order. Consequences of this modification on polarization sum rules and spatial light paths are considered.Comment: 13 Pages, REVTex format, section on gravitomagnetic monopoles is removed along with its references, new references adde