63 research outputs found
Dyadic Predictors of Child Body Shame in a Polish and Italian Sample
The present study aimed at assessing the predictors (related to the functioning of a parent-child dyad) of child body shame. Therefore, in the main analysis we examined relationships among child body shame, child perfectionism, child body dissatisfaction, parent body shame, parent perfectionism, and parent body dissatisfaction. In our main hypothesis we assumed that higher levels of the abovementioned parent functioning-related variables would be associated with higher child body shame after accounting for the effects of the foregoing child functioning-related variables. The analysis finally included complete data from 420 participants, i.e., a 115 Polish and 95 Italian parent-child dyad. Participants completed: (a) child: the Objectified Body Consciousness Scale for Youth, the Child-Adolescent Perfectionism Scale, the Children’s Body Image Scale/the Figure Rating Scale; (b) parent: the Objectified Body Consciousness Scale, the Frost Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale, and the Contour Drawing Rating Scale. The results of a correlational analysis show that in both the Polish and Italian samples, the higher the level of child body shame, the higher the level of the following variables: child perfectionism, child body dissatisfaction, parent perfectionism, and parent body dissatisfaction. Interestingly, the only insignificant relationship in both samples is the association between body shame in both members of the child-parent dyad. Moreover, all steps of the regressions were significant in both Polish and Italian samples. It turned out that only in the Italian sample were all predictors significantly associated with a child’s body shame (in the Polish sample there was no significant association between child’s body shame and parent’s perfectionism). To sum up, the above studies show the importance of considering the functioning of the parent-child dyad in understanding child body shame. These findings suggest that parents’ attitudes toward their bodies and their beliefs about an ideal self should be taken into account when planning interventions to improve children’s and adolescents’ attitudes toward their bodies. This is so because it is possible for children to internalize their parents’ beliefs about how to look and how critical one should be of themselves, which can result in strong body shame when they are not perfect enough against the internalized ideal. Therefore, it is also necessary to make parents aware that children’s attitude toward their body is often a reflection of parents’ attitude toward the body
Rola regulatorów transkrypcji w kontroli ekspresji genów prokariotycznych na przykładzie modelowej bakterii Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Bakterie Pseudomonas aeruginosa spotykane są często w środowisku naturalnym jak woda
czy gleba, ale zaliczane są także do oportunistycznych patogenów ludzi i zwierząt.
Charakteryzuje je duża zdolność do przetrwania w bardzo różnych niszach ekologicznych.
Adaptacja i umiejętność dostosowania do zmiennych warunków środowiska wynika z rozbudowanych
sieci regulacyjnych tych bakterii i wykorzystania bogatego repertuaru kodowanych
w genomie białek, ścieżek metabolicznych, mechanizmów obronnych i adaptacyjnych.
Regulatory transkrypcji są kluczowymi elementami regulacji ekspresji genów, które odpowiadają
na sygnały z otoczenia, włączając lub wyłączając określone ścieżki. Kompleksowe
badania regulatorów transkrypcji z wykorzystaniem metod transkryptomicznych, genomicznych,
regulacyjnych dostarczają wiedzy na temat mechanizmów ich działania, regulowanych
genów i procesów, umożliwiając poznanie i zrozumienie często skomplikowanych
sieci regulacyjnych zawiadujących przeżyciem komórki w danym środowisku i warunkach.
Celem niniejszej pracy jest przedstawienie kluczowych zagadnień związanych z regulacją
transkrypcji bakteryjnej na podstawie przeglądu danych literaturowych oraz zobrazowanych
na przykładzie P. aeruginosa i charakterystyki mechanizmów regulacji ekspresji genów
zaangażowanych między innymi w wirulencję tej bakterii
Genome sequence of Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1161, a PAO1 derivative with the ICEPae1161 integrative and conjugative element
Background: Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a cause of nosocomial infections, especially in patients with cystic fibrosis
and burn wounds. PAO1 strain and its derivatives are widely used to study the biology of this bacterium, however
recent studies demonstrated differences in the genomes and phenotypes of derivatives from different laboratories.
Results: Here we report the genome sequence of P. aeruginosa PAO1161 laboratory strain, a leu-, Rif R , restriction-
modification defective PAO1 derivative, described as the host of IncP-8 plasmid FP2, conferring the resistance to
mercury. Comparison of PAO1161 genome with PAO1-UW sequence revealed lack of an inversion of a large
genome segment between rRNA operons and 100 nucleotide polymorphisms, short insertions and deletions. These
included a change in leuA, resulting in E108K substitution, which caused leucine auxotrophy and a mutation in
rpoB, likely responsible for the rifampicin resistance. Nonsense mutations were detected in PA2735 and PA1939
encoding a DNA methyltransferase and a putative OLD family endonuclease, respectively. Analysis of revertants in
these two genes showed that PA2735 is a component of a restriction-modification system, independent of PA1939.
Moreover, a 12 kb RPG42 prophage and a novel 108 kb PAPI-1 like integrative conjugative element (ICE)
encompassing a mercury resistance operon were identified. The ICEPae1161 was transferred to Pseudomonas putida
cells, where it integrated in the genome and conferred the mercury resistance.
Conclusions: The high-quality P. aeruginosa PAO1161 genome sequence provides a reference for further research
including e.g. investigation of horizontal gene transfer or comparative genomics.
The strain was found to carry ICEPae1161, a functional PAPI-1 family integrative conjugative element, containing loci
conferring mercury resistance, in the past attributed to the FP2 plasmid of IncP-8 incompatibility group. This
indicates that the only known member of IncP-8 is in fact an ICE
Functional Characterization of TetR-like Transcriptional Regulator PA3973 from Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Pseudomonas aeruginosa, a human opportunistic pathogen, is a common cause of nosocomial
infections. Its ability to survive under different conditions relies on a complex regulatory network
engaging transcriptional regulators controlling metabolic pathways and capabilities to efficiently use
the available resources. P. aeruginosa PA3973 encodes an uncharacterized TetR family transcriptional
regulator. In this study, we applied a transcriptome profiling (RNA-seq), genome-wide identification
of binding sites using ChIP-seq, as well as the phenotype analyses to unravel the biological role of
PA3973. Transcriptional profiling of P. aeruginosa PAO1161 overexpressing PA3973 showed changes
in the mRNA level of 648 genes. Concomitantly, ChIP-seq analysis identified more than 300 PA3973
binding sites in the P. aeruginosa genome. A 13 bp sequence motif was indicated as the binding site of
PA3973. The PA3973 regulon encompasses the PA3972-PA3971 genes encoding a probable acyl-CoA
dehydrogenase and a thioesterase. In vitro analysis showed PA3973 binding to PA3973p. Accordingly,
the lack of PA3973 triggered increased expression of PA3972 and PA3971. The DPA3972-71 PAO1161
strain demonstrated impaired growth in the presence of stress-inducing agents hydroxylamine
or hydroxyurea, thus suggesting the role of PA3972-71 in pathogen survival upon stress. Overall
our results showed that TetR-type transcriptional regulator PA3973 has multiple binding sites in
the P. aeruginosa genome and influences the expression of diverse genes, including PA3972-PA3971,
encoding proteins with a proposed role in stress response
Body appreciation around the world: Measurement invariance of the Body Appreciation Scale-2 (BAS-2) across 65 nations, 40 languages, gender identities, and age.
The Body Appreciation Scale-2 (BAS-2) is a widely used measure of a core facet of the positive body image construct. However, extant research concerning measurement invariance of the BAS-2 across a large number of nations remains limited. Here, we utilised the Body Image in Nature (BINS) dataset - with data collected between 2020 and 2022 - to assess measurement invariance of the BAS-2 across 65 nations, 40 languages, gender identities, and age groups. Multi-group confirmatory factor analysis indicated that full scalar invariance was upheld across all nations, languages, gender identities, and age groups, suggesting that the unidimensional BAS-2 model has widespread applicability. There were large differences across nations and languages in latent body appreciation, while differences across gender identities and age groups were negligible-to-small. Additionally, greater body appreciation was significantly associated with higher life satisfaction, being single (versus being married or in a committed relationship), and greater rurality (versus urbanicity). Across a subset of nations where nation-level data were available, greater body appreciation was also significantly associated with greater cultural distance from the United States and greater relative income inequality. These findings suggest that the BAS-2 likely captures a near-universal conceptualisation of the body appreciation construct, which should facilitate further cross-cultural research. [Abstract copyright: Copyright © 2023 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.
Body appreciation around the world: Measurement invariance of the Body Appreciation Scale-2 (BAS-2) across 65 nations, 40 languages, gender identities, and age
Abstract
The Body Appreciation Scale-2 (BAS-2) is a widely used measure of a core facet of the positive body image construct. However, extant research concerning measurement invariance of the BAS-2 across a large number of nations remains limited. Here, we utilised the Body Image in Nature (BINS) dataset – with data collected between 2020 and 2022 – to assess measurement invariance of the BAS-2 across 65 nations, 40 languages, gender identities, and age groups. Multi-group confirmatory factor analysis indicated that full scalar invariance was upheld across all nations, languages, gender identities, and age groups, suggesting that the unidimensional BAS-2 model has widespread applicability. There were large differences across nations and languages in latent body appreciation, while differences across gender identities and age groups were negligible-to-small. Additionally, greater body appreciation was significantly associated with higher life satisfaction, being single (versus being married or in a committed relationship), and greater rurality (versus urbanicity). Across a subset of nations where nation-level data were available, greater body appreciation was also significantly associated with greater cultural distance from the United States and greater relative income inequality. These findings suggest that the BAS-2 likely captures a near-universal conceptualisation of the body appreciation construct, which should facilitate further cross-cultural research
Electrophysiological function of the retina and optic nerve in patients with atrial fibrillation
Body appreciation around the world: Measurement invariance of the Body Appreciation Scale-2 (BAS-2) across 65 nations, 40 languages, gender identities, and age
The Body Appreciation Scale-2 (BAS-2) is a widely used measure of a core facet of the positive body image construct. However, extant research concerning measurement invariance of the BAS-2 across a large number of nations remains limited. Here, we utilised the Body Image in Nature (BINS) dataset - with data collected between 2020 and 2022 - to assess measurement invariance of the BAS-2 across 65 nations, 40 languages, gender identities, and age groups. Multi-group confirmatory factor analysis indicated that full scalar invariance was upheld across all nations, languages, gender identities, and age groups, suggesting that the unidimensional BAS-2 model has widespread applicability. There were large differences across nations and languages in latent body appreciation, while differences across gender identities and age groups were negligible-to-small. Additionally, greater body appreciation was significantly associated with higher life satisfaction, being single (versus being married or in a committed relationship), and greater rurality (versus urbanicity). Across a subset of nations where nation-level data were available, greater body appreciation was also significantly associated with greater cultural distance from the United States and greater relative income inequality. These findings suggest that the BAS-2 likely captures a near-universal conceptualisation of the body appreciation construct, which should facilitate further cross-cultural research
Equilibrium of Ca(II) sorption process in thermosensitive chitosan hydrogel
W pracy określono równowagę w procesie sorpcji jonów wapnia w termowrażliwym żelu chitozanowym. Do opisu wykorzystano równania Langmuira, Langmuira-Freundlicha, Redlicha-Petersona, zmodyfikowanego równania Dubinina-Raduszkiewicza oraz Totha. Analiza modelowa wskazuje, że najlepsze przybliżenie równowagi procesu sorpcji wapnia uzyskano przy zastosowaniu dwuparametrowej izotermy Langmuira.Equilibrium of calcium ions sorption in thermosensitive chitosan hydro-gels was determined. The experimental data were fitted to equation models (Langmuir, Freundlich, Redlich-Peterson, modified Dubinin-Raduszkiewicz and Toth). The best approximation was achieved for the Langmuir isotherm
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