Sexual dimorphism in cancer.

The incidence of many types of cancer arising in organs with non-reproductive functions is significantly higher in male populations than in female populations, with associated differences in survival. Occupational and/or behavioural factors are well-known underlying determinants. However, cellular and molecular differences between the two sexes are also likely to be important. In this Opinion article, we focus on the complex interplay that sex hormones and sex chromosomes can have in intrinsic control of cancer-initiating cell populations, the tumour microenvironment and systemic determinants of cancer development, such as the immune system and metabolism. A better appreciation of these differences between the two sexes could be of substantial value for cancer prevention as well as treatment

The biblical imagination in the early works of Toni Morrison and Léonora Miano

L’influence générale du texte biblique dans les sociétés humaines est illustrée d’une manière particulièrement nette par les œuvres littéraires qui l’ont relayée. Nous nous intéresserons à l’interprétation et à l’adaptation qui est faite de la thématique et des images propres au texte biblique dans la fiction romanesque. En outre, il s’agira pour nous de comprendre quelle est l’ambition des auteurs dans la transposition de la Bible dans le texte littéraire. Pour mener à bien cette étude, nous avons porté notre choix sur les trois premières œuvres de Toni Morrison et de Léonora Miano : l’œil le plus bleu, Sula et Song of Salomon pour Toni Morrison et de L’Intérieur de la nuit, les aubes écarlates et Contours du jour qui vient pour l’auteur franco-camerounaise. Il y a une forme d’écho entre les textes de ces deux auteures ; elles se rejoignent dans cette volonté de sonder l’âme de leur communauté et de porter leur voix au monde. Dans une perspective comparatiste, notre démarche pour analyser les traces de la Bible dans notre corpus et l’interprétation de la vision du monde de nos deux auteures au regard de ceux-ci se décline sous trois approches : mythocritique, intertextuelle et narratologique.Biblical text has been greatly influenced in the modern society by the novels that relayed it. Our focus will be on the interpretation and adaptation that’s been put in place toward biblical thematic and concept/images in connection with fictional novels. Therefore, we will try to grasp the aim of authors when it comes to transposing biblical text in literature. In order to fulfil our study, we have targeted three of Toni Morrison’s and Léonora Miano’s novels: The bluest eye, Sula and Song of Solomon for Toni Morrison; L’intérieur de la nuit, Les aubes écarlates and Contours du jour qui vient for the franco camerounian author. We can clearly see that both authors are converging towards the same goals or ideas in their desire explore the soul of their community and make theirs voice heard in the world. While trying to compare the work of both authors, our approach to analyse the Bible footprints within a specific collection of novels; and interpretations of the world’s vision of both authors will be examined from three angles: mythocritical, intertextual and narratological

Characteristics and progression of patients with frontotemporal dementia in a regional memory clinic network

International audienceBackground: Due to heterogeneous clinical presentation, difficult differential diagnosis with Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and psychiatric disorders, and evolving clinical criteria, the epidemiology and natural history of frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTD) remain elusive. In order to better characterize FTD patients, we relied on the database of a regional memory clinic network with standardized diagnostic procedures and chose AD patients as a comparator.Methods: Patients that were first referred to our network between January 2010 and December 2016 and whose last clinical diagnosis was degenerative or vascular dementia were included. Comparisons were conducted between FTD and AD as well as between the different FTD syndromes, divided into language variants (lvFTD), behavioral variant (bvFTD), and FTD with primarily motor symptoms (mFTD). Cognitive progression was estimated with the yearly decline in Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE).Results: Among the patients that were referred to our network in the 6-year time span, 690 were ultimately diagnosed with FTD and 18,831 with AD. Patients with FTD syndromes represented 2.6% of all-cause dementias. The age-standardized incidence was 2.90 per 100,000 person-year and incidence peaked between 75 and 79 years. Compared to AD, patients with FTD syndromes had a longer referral delay and delay to diagnosis. Patients with FTD syndromes had a higher MMSE score than AD at first referral while their progression was similar. mFTD patients had the shortest survival while survival in bvFTD, lvFTD, and AD did not significantly differ. FTD patients, especially those with the behavioral variant, received more antidepressants, anxiolytics, and antipsychotics than AD patients.Conclusions: FTD syndromes differ with AD in characteristics at baseline, progression rate, and treatment. Despite a broad use of the new diagnostic criteria in an organized memory clinic network, FTD syndromes are longer to diagnose and account for a low proportion of dementia cases, suggesting persistent underdiagnosis. Congruent with recent publications, the late peak of incidence warns against considering FTD as being exclusively a young-onset dementia

Núcleos de Ensino da Unesp: artigos 2007

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq