The survey on growth and survival larvae of different generation of Litopenaeus vannameiu

In the present Shrimp industry Has become a huge industry . The shrimp culture in Bushehr province began with Penaeus semisulcatus and Fenneropenaeus indicus and with introducing Litopenaeus vannamei in Iran Was known as a culture species. The shrimp production rate in IRAN is about 23000 metric ton. Outbreak of Various diseases and Biosecurity are most important things to produce Specific Patogen Free (SPF) shrimp. In this regard, production of SPF shrimp is The main requirements of shrimp industry. The survey on growth and srvival larve of different generation of Litopenaeus vannamei project was carried out in 2013 and 2014. Broodstock selecting, propagation, culture and shrimp generation Was performed in 2012 until 2014.In 2014 we produced 4300 pieces of prebroodstock with 22.38 gram and 86 percent survival rate after 120 days of culture

Supply and protected different population of Litopenaeus vannamei subadult zero foster (F0) from difference provinces Iran

Nowadays, Litopenaeus vannamei are the most important species of farmed penaeidae shrimp in the world that is rapidly replacing native species in areas aquaculture. Due to demand increase for this species culture, shrimp displacement to different areas may be associated with some potential pathogens transferred to new areas farmed. Therefore, in this study were prepared bi-osecurity conditions for specific disease-free production of L. vannamei. Thereafter, three populations (Molokaei, High health and mix of Molokaei and High health) of the shrimp various reserves were detected base on origin and genetic indexes such as: observed heterozygosity, expected heterozygosity, allele frequency, coefficient inbreeding, genetic differentiation, genetic distance and genetic identity. On the other hand, epidemiological studies indicate non pathogens (viral, bacterial, fungal and parasitic) recognition of different populations selected in the quarantine salon. The bioassay results showed that the average weight and length of the populations of High health and Mix significantly greater than was a population of Molokaei. The shrimp populations were stocked in fiberglass tank (five ton) and were kept separated in the quarantine salon. During maintenance shrimp of populations in the quarantine salon were evaluated living and non-living pathogens with PCR, microbiology and biochemical methods. There is not any pathogens detection from shrimp populations stocking in the quarantine salon, so the shrimps were carried over to pond for broodstock culture of specific pathogenic free

The fifth developing plan of Iranian Fisheries Research Institute

Accurate scientific and practical plan for achieving the goals of the Islamic Republic of Iran within the framework of Vision development 1404, is the infrastructure achieving sustainable development of the country. Order to achieve the above mentioned objectives and in order to the comprehensive development plans in the country, Iranian fisheries research organization adjust the fifth developing plan for support of executive related departments in country with mobilization a large number researchers consists of several working groups of ifro affiliated research centers. The fifth developing plan consist of three chapters for report of the forth developing plan and intrudction of research, construction plans and financial support (budjet) for period of 2011-2014 A.C

A comparison of the effect of intraperitoneal injection of glucose on spatial learning and memory of young and aged rats

Background: Despite controversy, the memory enhancing effect of glucose has been suggested in different learning methods. It seems that the age of animal is important in this practice. The present study evaluated the effects of glucose on spatial learning of young and aged rats. Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, rats in the case group received 500 mg/kg glucose 10 minutes before daily training. Subjects in the sham group received the same amount of saline. Animals were introduced to a Y-maze apparatus for the active avoidance task. Data were analyzed using one way analysis of variance and student t-test. Results: The results showed that glucose significantly improved the learning process in both young and aged rats (P< 0.05 and P< 0.01 respectively). However, the statistical comparison of the young and aged rats showed that the memory improvement following glucose administration was better in aged rather than in the young group (p<0.01). Conclusion: Pretraining glucose administration improved learning in young and aged rats. Glucose may alter the neuronal metabolism, activity or neurotransmitter synthesis

The role of nitric oxide and opioid receptors in antispasmodic activity of Petroselinum crispum (parsley) seed extract on rat ileum

Background: Parsley seed inhibits rat ileum contraction. In the rat intestine, Nitric oxide (NO) has been suggested to participate in nonadrenergic noncholinergic (NANC) relaxation of longitudinal smooth muscle. In addition, endogenous opioid peptides and opiate drugs affect a variety of gastrointestinal (GI) functions, including motility. Studies have shown that opioids inhibit electrically induced smooth muscle contractions. The aim of present study was to investigate the involvement of opioid receptors and NO in antispasmodic activity of parsley seed hydroalcoholic extract. Materials and Methods: In this study, 28 rats were randomly divided into 4 equal groups: 1) the effect of different concentrations of extract on KCl-induced contraction, 2) the effect of L-NAME on extract function, 3) the effect of naloxone on extract function, 4) the long-term effect of KCl. A piece of terminal portion of male rat ileum (2 cm) was dissected out and mounted in an organ bath containing air bubbled Tyrode solution (37 οC, pH=7.4) with 1 g initial tension and ileal contractions induced by KCl was recorded by an isotonic transducer. Antispasmodic activity of extract after tissue incubation was evaluated using N�-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) and naloxone. Results: The spasmolytic effect of the cumulative concentrations of the extract (0.1-0.8 mg/ml) was not reduced sensibly after tissue incubation with L-NAME (100 μM, 30 min) as a nitric oxide synthase inhibitor and naloxone (1µM, 30 min) as a non-selective opioid receptor antagonist. Conclusion: Although Parsley seed extract inhibit rat ileum contraction, it seems that NO and opioid receptors are not involved in this activity

Involvement of dorsal hippocampal beta-1 noradrenergic receptors in memory retrieval of rats

Background: Central beta-noradrenergic system plays an important role in the learning and memory processes. Dorsal hippocampus also has an overlapped distribution of beta-noradrenergic receptors. The aim of this study was to evaluate the possible role of the dorsal hippocampal beta-1 noradrenergic receptors in memory retrieval using a passive avoidance learning task. Materials and Methods: This experimental study was performed on adult male Wistar rats (weight, 230±20gr). After anaesthetizing, the rats were cannulated into dorsal hippocampus using the stereotaxic surgery. After one week, passive avoidance memory was studied in two phases: training and testing with a 24h interval. The step-through latency to enter dark compartment and the time spent in this compartment was recorded for the evaluation of memory. All animals received drugs or saline, as intra- dorsal hippocampal microinjection, 30 min before testing. Results: Pre-testing administration of dobutamine (1 μg/rat), a beta-1 noradrenergic receptor agonist, potentiated passive avoidance memory retrieval, while pre-testing injection of betaxolol (0.5μg/rat), a beta-1 noradrenergic receptor antagonist, inhibited passive avoidance memory retrieval. Also, the injection of ineffective and low doses of betaxolol (0.125 and 0.25 μg/rat) inhibited the effect of dobutamine on the memory retrieval. Conclusion: It seems that beta-1 noradrenergic receptors of the dorsal hippocampus may mediate memory retrieval in a passive avoidance learning model

The effect of methylprednisolone on spatial learning and memory in adult male rats using an experimental model of Alzheimer's disease

Background: The methylprednisolone (MP) is a synthetic glucocorticoid steroid initially developed for its enhanced anti-inflammatory activity. The present study aimed to examine the effect of MP on the spatial learning and memory in an experimental model of Alzheimer's disease in rats. Materials and Methods: Male rats were allocated into five groups: control group lesion group which received electrically-induced lesion (0.5 mA, 3s) in the nucleus basalis magnocellularis (NBM) to create Alzheimer's model sham group (the electrode was impaled into the NBM with no lesion) MP group (lesion+30 mg/kg MP) and saline group (lesion NBM + 0.2 mL saline). After one week, the rats were trained to perform the Y-maze task for five days. The animals were tested for spatial memory one month later. Results: Results showed that the bilateral lesion of NBM impaired the spatial learning compared to the control group (