The glycomic profile of invasive ductal carcinoma of the breast is altered in patients with hypoxic regions: implications for tumor behavior

Hypoxic areas in solid tumors are often associated with poor prognosis and resistance to chemotherapy. The aim of the study was to analyze the expression of galectin-1 (Gal-1), galectin-3 (Gal-3), sialic acid and b1–6 branched glycan structures in hypoxic environment of invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) of the breast. We performed lectin histochemistry with phytohemag glutinin-L (L-PHA) and Sambucus nigra lectin (SNA); and immunohistochemistry for Gal-1, Gal-3, carbonic anhydrase IX, hypoxia-inducible factor, estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor and human epidermal growth factor receptor type-2 for 86 IDC samples. Patients with markers positive for hypoxia were mostly ER-negative (p = 0.003) and presented with more nodal invasion than the non-hypoxic group (p = 0.0439). Concerning the glycobiological aspects, the hypoxic group expressed more of Gal-3 (p = 0.0021) and SNA ligands (p = 0.0498), however, there was no association between lectin- and galectin-staining and clinical and histopathological data. Our results suggest a change in the glycomic profile of patients within hypoxic regions of IDC. However, further studies are needed to evaluate the role of lectin- and galectin-ligands in tumor’s hypoxic environment, as well as their potential to be used as therapeutic targets

Avaliação das lectinas WGA e Con A como biomarcadoras de esquistossomose hepatoesplênica em biopsias humanas sem evidência do sistema ovo-granuloma

Introdução: Lesões do cólon são predominantes em pacientes com esquistossomose, entretanto alterações dos carboidratos no cólon com esquistossomose permanecem desconhecidas. Ligantes de lectinas permitem a identificação das mudanças no padrão dos carboidratos celulares. Métodos: Biópsias do cólon descendente e sigmóide dos pacientes foram submetidas a histoquímica com as lectinas WGA e Con A. Resultados: WGA marcou o estroma dos tecidos das células glandulares do cólon descendente e sigmóide com um padrão citoplasmático intenso e granular em espécimes com esquistossomose diferindo do controle normal e da Con A, a qual não reconheceu nenhum tecido estudado. Cólon sem esquistossomose não apresentou marcação. Conclusões: ligantes de WGA são diferentemente expressos em pacientes com esquistossomose hepatoesplênica sem evidência de sistema ovo-granuloma.Introduction: Colonic lesions are predominant in patients with schistosomiasis. However, carbohydrate alterations in colonic schistosomiasis remain unclear. Lectin-ligands allow us to identify changes in the saccharide patterns of cells. Methods: Biopsies of descending and rectosigmoid colon of patients were submitted to WGA and Con A lectin histochemistry. Results: WGA stained stroma and gland cells of descending colon and rectosigmoid tissues in a granular strong cytoplasmatic pattern in schistosomiasis specimens differing from normal control and Con A failing to recognize all samples analyzed. Conclusions: WGA ligands are expressed differently in patients with hepatosplenic schistosomiasis and no evidence of egg-granuloma system

Níveis séricos da IL-13 na esclerose sistêmica: uma revisão sistemática com meta-análise / Serum levels of IL-13 in systemic sclerosis: a systematic review with meta-analysis

A interleucina-13 (IL-13) sérica foi investigada na esclerose sistêmica (ES) por meio de uma meta-análise para avaliar a possível diferença nos níveis em pacientes com a doença e pessoas saudáveis. As buscas foram realizadas nas bases de dados Pubmed, ScienceDirect, Cochrane Library, LILACS e Scopus para estudos do tipo caso-controle pertinentes utilizando os descritores. Os níveis séricos dos pacientes com ES em relação aos controles saudáveis foram plotados usando o software Review Manager 5.3. A avaliação da qualidade de cada estudo elegível foi conduzida na Escala de Newcastle-Ottawa (NOS). Quatro estudos de caso-controle foram selecionados para esta meta-análise e continham um total de 120 pacientes com ES e 84 controles saudáveis. Nossos resultados demonstram níveis séricos elevados da IL-13 em pacientes com ES, com um agrupamento médio de 0,70 ng/ml (p=0,00001) (IC 95%: -0,42 a -0,99, p=0,6). A IL-13 está aumentada no soro de pacientes com ES em comparação com os controles saudáveis e pode ser útil como possível biomarcador da doença. 

Synthesis and biological evaluation of novel imidazolidine derivatives as candidates to schistosomicidal agents

Introduction: Schistosomiasis is an infectious parasitic disease caused by trematodes of the genus Schistosoma, which threatens at least 258 million people worldwide and its control is dependent on a single drug, praziquantel. The aim of this study was to evaluate the anti-Schistosoma mansoni activity in vitro of novel imidazolidine derivatives. Material and methods: We synthesized two novel imidazolidine derivatives: (LPSF/PTS10) (Z)-1-(2-chloro-6-fluorobenzyl)-4-(4-dimethylaminobenzylidene)-5-thioxoimidazolidin-2-one and (LPSF/PTS23) (Z)-1-(2-chloro-6-fluoro-benzyl)-5-thioxo-4-(2,4,6-trimethoxy-benzylidene)-imidazolidin-2-one. The structures of two compounds were determined by spectroscopic methods. During the biological assays, parameters such as motility, oviposition, mortality and analysis by Scanning Electron Microscopy were performed. Results: LPSF/PTS10 and LPSF/PTS23 were considered to be active in the separation of coupled pairs, mortality and to decrease the motor activity. In addition, LPSF/PTS23 induced ultrastructural alterations in worms, after 24 h of contact, causing extensive erosion over the entire body of the worms. Conclusion: The imidazolidine derivatives containing the trimetoxy and benzylidene halogens showed promising in vitro schistosomicidal activity