Perbandingan Hasil Belajar Model Exclusive Dengan Model Direct Instruction

Learning results of physics at SMPN 1st Natar is not maximum because of the conventional teaching method of the teachers. This research compared the learning results of Exclusive model with direct instruction (DI) model, the purpose was to find out the differences between learning results of Exclusive model with DI model and to investigate which models that has higher average. The population was all students of VIII class at SMPN 1 Natar and the samples were students of VIII E and VIII F with Purposive Sampling method. The research design was Pre-Experimental Design with One Group Pretest-Posttest Design type. The hypothesis was analized by using normalize test and Independent Sample t-test, the results of Independent Sample t-test indicated that t-value cognitive result was 3.35, affective was 4.26, and psychomotor was 9.47 higher than t-table (2.04), it means that there were differences of average learning result of Exclusive model with DI model, and the average of Exclusive model was higher than DI model.Hasil belajar Fisika siswa di SMPN 1 Natar belum maksimal disebabkan cara mengajar guru yang konvensional. Penelitian ini membandingkan hasil belajar model Exclusive dengan model Direct instruction (DI), bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbedaan hasil belajar model Exclusive dengan model DI dan manakah yang rata-rata hasil belajarnya lebih tinggi. Populasi penelitian ini yaitu seluruh siswa kelas VIII dan sampelnya yaitu siswa kelas VIII E dan VIII F dengan metode Purposive Sampling. Disain penelitian berupa Pre-Eksperimental Design dengan tipe One Group Pretest-Posttest Design. Hipotesis dianalisis menggunakan uji normalitas dan uji Independent Sample t-test, diperoleh nilai t-hitung kognitif (3.35), afektif (4.26), dan psikomotor (9.47) lebih besar dari t-tabel (2.04), artinya ada perbedaan rata-rata hasil belajar model Exclusive dengan model DI serta rata-rata hasil belajar siswa pada kelas Exclusive lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan kelas DI

Prevalensi Dan Faktor Risiko Terjadinya Ketombe Pada Polisi Lalu Lintas Kota Semarang

Latar Belakang : Infeksi jamur pada kulit sering diderita oleh masyarakat yang tinggal di negara tropis seperti Indonesia. Infeksi jamur yang sering diderita salah satunya adalah ketombe. Ketombe adalah suatu gangguan kulit kepala yang ditandai dengan adanya skuama atau sisik berwarna putih atau abu-abu pada rambut kepala dengan jumlah yang bervariasi. Profesi polisi lalu lintas (Polantas) diperkirakan memiliki resiko tinggi terkena ketombe. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui angka kejadian dan faktor resiko ketombe pada Polantas di Semarang.Metode : Penelitian ini bersifat belah lintang dengan subjek penelitian 58 Polantas di Semarang pada bulan Mei 2016. Diagnosis ketombe berdasarkan pemeriksaan klinis oleh residen penyakit kulit kelamin dan kerokan kulit kepala. Data diambil dengan kuesioner meliputi higiene perorangan dan tempat penyimpanan topi polisi. Analisa data menggunakan uji regresi logistik dengan tingkat kemaknaan p < 0,05; Interval Kepercayaan 95%.Hasil : Pada penelitian ini didapatkan 14 dari 58 polisi lalu lintas kota Semarang terdiagnosa ketombe. Dari hasil analisis kuesioner higiene perorangan (p = 0,145) dan tempat penyimpanan topi polisi (p = 0,750) secara statistik tidak bermakna karena p> 0,05.Simpulan : Prevalensi kejadian ketombe pada polisi lalu lintas kota Semarang sebanyak 24,1%. Higiene perorangan yang buruk dan tempat penyimpanan topi polisi bukan merupakan faktor risiko kejadian ketombe pada polisi lalu lintas kota Semarang

PENINGKATAN KUALITAS PRODUKSI DAN PEMASARAN ROSELLA PADA KELOMPOK TANI TOGA MANDIRI

Produksi Rosella dilakukan salah satunya oleh kelompok petani Toga Mandiri yang berlokasi di Desa Bringin Kec. Sambikerep, Surabaya Jawa Timur. Toga Mandiri telah mengembangkan berbagai produk olahan dari rosella, seperti minuman rosella, selai rosella dan rosella kering. Proses produksi rosella kering sebagian sudah menggunakan sollar dryer tetapi belum keseluruhan dikarenakan kapasitas dari sollar dryer saat ini yang masih terbatas. Dalam hal pemasaran, Toga Mandiri mengalami kesulitan dikarenakan pandemi Covid-19. Untuk mengatasi permasalah tersebut, kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk menambah kapasitas dan kecepatan pengeringan sehingga dicapai peningkatan kualitas dari produk rosella kering yang dihasilkan dan meningkatkan jangkauan pemasaran dari kelompok tani Toga Mandiri. Aktivitas pengabdian masyarakat adalah membantu permasalahan produksi dalam bentuk penerapan solar dryer untuk meningkatkan kualitas produksi dan permasalahan pemasaran dalam bentuk event untuk peningkatan jangkauan pemasaran. Hasil kegiatan pengabdian ini berdampak pada peningkatan kualitas produksi rosella Toga Mandiri dan peningkatan jangkauan pemasaran tetapi belum efektif meningkatkan pemasarannya. Kata kunci: Rosella, produksi, solar dryer, pemasaran, event. ABSTRACT One of community that produce Roselle is Toga Mandiri, which is located in Bringin Village, Sambikerep Regency, Surabaya, East Java. Toga Mandiri has developed many variation of roselle products, such as beverage, jam and dried roselle. Dried roselle has been produced using solar dryer, but only some of it because of limited capacity of solar dryer. To solve the problem, community service was done with objective to add capacity and velocity of drying so it will enhance quality of the product and to expand the marketing of Toga Mandiri. Community service activity was done by adding solar dryer to enhance the quality of product and and by expand marketing through event to expand the market. The result of this community service gave better quality of product and enhanced the market but not effectively enough to raise selling quantity. Keywords: Roselle, production, solar dryer, marketing, event

Physiological oxygen conditions enhance the angiogenic properties of extracellular vesicles from human mesenchymal stem cells

Abstract Background Following an ischemic injury to the brain, the induction of angiogenesis is critical to neurological recovery. The angiogenic benefits of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been attributed at least in part to the actions of extracellular vesicles (EVs) that they secrete. EVs are membrane-bound vesicles that contain various angiogenic biomolecules capable of eliciting therapeutic responses and are of relevance in cerebral applications due to their ability to cross the blood–brain barrier (BBB). Though MSCs are commonly cultured under oxygen levels present in injected air, when MSCs are cultured under physiologically relevant oxygen conditions (2–9% O2), they have been found to secrete higher amounts of survival and angiogenic factors. There is a need to determine the effects of MSC-EVs in models of cerebral angiogenesis and whether those from MSCs cultured under physiological oxygen provide greater functional effects. Methods Human adipose-derived MSCs were grown in clinically relevant serum-free medium and exposed to either headspace oxygen concentrations of 18.4% O2 (normoxic) or 3% O2 (physioxic). EVs were isolated from MSC cultures by differential ultracentrifugation and characterized by their size, concentration of EV specific markers, and their angiogenic protein content. Their functional angiogenic effects were evaluated in vitro by their induction of cerebral microvascular endothelial cell (CMEC) proliferation, tube formation, and angiogenic and tight junction gene expressions. Results Compared to normoxic conditions, culturing MSCs under physioxic conditions increased their expression of angiogenic genes SDF1 and VEGF, and subsequently elevated VEGF-A content in the EV fraction. MSC-EVs demonstrated an ability to induce CMEC angiogenesis by promoting tube formation, with the EV fraction from physioxic cultures having the greatest effect. The physioxic EV fraction further upregulated the expression of CMEC angiogenic genes FGF2, HIF1, VEGF and TGFB1, as well as genes (OCLN and TJP1) involved in BBB maintenance. Conclusions EVs from physioxic MSC cultures hold promise in the generation of a cell-free therapy to induce angiogenesis. Their positive angiogenic effect on cerebral microvascular endothelial cells demonstrates that they may have utility in treating ischemic cerebral conditions, where the induction of angiogenesis is critical to improving recovery and neurological function

Does increasing packing density using larger caliber coils improve angiographic results of embolization of intracranial aneurysms at 1 year: A randomized trial

© 2020 American Society of Neuroradiology. All rights reserved. BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: The impact of increased aneurysm packing density on angiographic outcomes has not been studied in a randomized trial. We sought to determine the potential for larger caliber coils to achieve higher packing densities and to improve the angiographic results of embolization of intracranial aneurysms at 1 year. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Does Embolization with Larger Coils Lead to Better Treatment of Aneurysms (DELTA) was an investigator-initiated multicenter prospective, parallel, randomized, controlled clinical trial. Patients had 4- to 12-mm unruptured aneurysms. Treatment allocation to either 15- (experimental) or 10-caliber coils (control group) was randomized 1:1 using a Web-based platform. The primary efficacy outcome was a major recurrence or a residual aneurysm at follow-up angiography at 12 6 2 months adjudicated by an independent core lab blinded to the treatment allocation. Secondary outcomes included indices of treatment success and standard safety outcomes. Recruitment of 564 patients was judged necessary to show a decrease in poor outcomes from 33% to 20% with 15-caliber coils. RESULTS: Funding was interrupted and the trial was stopped after 210 patients were recruited between November 2013 and June 2017. On an intent-to-treat analysis, the primary outcome was reached in 37 patients allocated to 15-caliber coils and 36 patients allocated to 10-caliber coils (OR = 0.931; 95% CI, 0.528–1.644; P = .885). Safety and other clinical outcomes were similar. The 15-caliber coil group had a higher mean packing density (37.0% versus 26.9%, P = .0001). Packing density had no effect on the primary outcome when adjusted for initial angiographic results (OR = 1.001; 95% CI, 0.981–1.022; P = .879). CONCLUSIONS: Coiling of aneurysms randomized to 15-caliber coils achieved higher packing densities compared with 10-caliber coils, but this had no impact on the angiographic outcomes at 1 year, which were primarily driven by aneurysm size and initial angiographic results

A two-species continuum model for aeolian sand ripples

We formulate a continuum model for aeolian sand ripples consisting of two species of grains: a lower layer of relatively immobile clusters, with an upper layer of highly mobile grains moving on top. We predict analytically the ripple wavelength, initial ripple growth rate and threshold saltation flux for ripple formation. Numerical simulations show the evolution of realistic ripple profiles from initial surface roughness via ripple growth and merger.Comment: 9 pages, 3 figure

A Comparison of Magnesium and Beryllium Acceptors in GaN Grown by rf-Plasma Assisted Molecular Beam Epitaxy

ABSTRACT Step-doped structures of both magnesium and beryllium were grown in GaN and analyzed using secondary ion mass spectrometry. Dopant incorporation was studied as a function of substrate temperature and dopant flux for Ga-polarity and N-polarity GaN. Incorporation is different for each polarity, with Mg incorporating by up to a factor of 20 times more (30 times more with atomic hydrogen) on the Ga-face, while Be incorporates more readily on the N-face. The effect of atomic hydrogen on the incorporation kinetics of both Mg and Be is also discussed. Mg and Be both undergo surface segregation during growth. Photoluminescence measurements suggest that Be is a p-type dopant with an optical activation energy of approximately 100 meV

Over-prescription of short-acting β2-agonists for asthma in South Africa: Results from the SABINA III study

Background. Asthma medication prescription trends, including those of short-acting β2-agonists (SABAs), are not well documented for South Africa (SA). Objectives. To describe demographics, disease characteristics and asthma prescription patterns in the SA cohort of the SABA use IN Asthma (SABINA) III study. Methods. An observational, cross-sectional study conducted at 12 sites across SA. Patients with asthma (aged ≥12 years) were classified by investigator-defined asthma severity, guided by the Global Initiative for Asthma (GINA) 2017 recommendations, and practice type (primary/ specialist care). Data were collected using electronic case report forms. Results. Overall, 501 patients were analysed − mean (standard deviation) age, 48.4 (16.6) years; 68.3% female − of whom 70.6% and 29.4% were enrolled by primary care physicians and specialists, respectively. Most patients were classified with moderate-to-severe asthma (55.7%; GINA treatment steps 3 - 5), were overweight or obese (70.7%) and reported full healthcare reimbursement (55.5%). Asthma was partly controlled/uncontrolled in 60.3% of patients, with 46.1% experiencing ≥1 severe exacerbations in the 12 months before the study visit. Overall, 74.9% of patients were prescribed ≥3 SABA canisters in the previous 12 months (over-prescription); 56.5% were prescribed ≥10 SABA canisters. Additionally, 27.1% of patients reported purchasing SABA over-the-counter (OTC); among patients with both SABA purchase and prescriptions, 75.4% and 51.5% already received prescriptions for ≥3 and ≥10 SABA canisters, respectively, in the preceding 12 months. Conclusion. SABA over-prescription and OTC purchase were common in SA, demonstrating an urgent need to align clinical practices with the latest evidence-based recommendations and regulate SABA OTC purchase to improve asthma outcomes