2,342 research outputs found

    Electric field excitation suppression in cold atoms

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    In this article, the atom excitation suppression is studied in two ways. The first way of exploring the excitation suppression is by an external DC electric field. The second way is to study the excitation suppression caused by electric field generated by free charges, which are created by ionizing atoms. This suppression is called Coulomb blockade. Here the Coulomb forces are created by ions through ionizing atoms by a UV laser. The theory shows that the interaction, which causes the suppression, is primarily caused by charge-dipole interactions. Here the charge is the ion, and the dipole is an atom. In this experiment, we use 85^{85}Rb atoms. The valence electron and the ion core are the two poles of an electric dipole. The interaction potential energy between the ion and the atom is proportional to 1R2\frac{1}{R^2}, and the frequency shift caused by this interaction is proportional to 1R4\frac{1}{R^4}, where RR is the distance between the ion and the dipole considered. This research can be used for quantum information storage, remote control, creating hot plasmas using cold atoms, as well as electronic devices.Comment: 12 pages, 7 figure

    Fratriarchy and Sisterhood:Shakespeare and Psychoanalysis

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    Simone de Beauvoir considered that fratriarchy could bring about the liberation of women; feminism’s politicization of ‘sisterhood’ has revealed that this is far from the case. Freud’s Totem and Taboo can be re-examined to understand the sibling origin of the sexual violence of social brothers against social sisters. Shakespeare who has his boy actors performing as girls who then play boys also has Isabella in Measure for Measure counter her brother’s request for her to prostitute herself with “it t’were a kind of incest”. Psychoanalysis can contribute to the urgent need for us to think about sexual violence (‘Me too’) as a characteristic feature of our lateral social life. Juliet Mitchell was born in New Zealand in 1940. In 1944 she went to England by wartime convoy and lived in London until 1998 when she moved to Cambridge. She first lectured in English literature (1962-1971) but following her publication of Women: The Longest Revolution in 1966, curiosity about hostility to Freud in the rising Women’s Movement led to her publishing a series of short interventions culminating in Psychoanalysis and Feminism (1974). This was followed by training to become a psychoanalyst and continuing to lecture as an academic on a free-lance basis. In 1998 she returned to a full-time university post in the University of Cambridge and since then she has been writing and lecturing about a horizontal axis of sociality starting with siblings. She established and directed a Centre for Gender Studies in the University of Cambridge and a PhD in Theoretical Psychoanalysis at University College London. She is a Fellow of the British Academy and the International Psychoanalytic Association.Juliet Mitchell, Fratriarchy and Sisterhood: Shakespeare and Psychoanalysis, lecture, ICI Berlin, 17 January 2023, video recording, mp4, 33:23 <https://doi.org/10.25620/e230117

    Attachment Styles and Parasocial Relationships: A Collectivist Society Perspective

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    In this study we investigate parasocial relationships in media; more specifically we explore why audience members fashion attachments with television personalities. The study aligns with previous research in the area by Cole and Leets (1999) that looked at attachments formed with media figures and the correlation to level of attachments in real-life relationships. In their study, Cole and Leets (1999) used a three-dimensional attachment scale that included anxious-ambivalent, avoidant, and secure, and found those with higher insecurity or unstable real-life relationships have stronger parasocial relationships. We surveyed university age respondents and we used the same scales as Cole and Leets (1999) to examine whether in Kuwait, where dating violates social norms and looser bonds are found outside of the home, that stronger parasocial relationships with media personalities will be found because of the need to fulfill relationship needs outside of family. Our hypotheses in this chapter is that higher levels of anxious-ambivalents and avoidants both will be found due to the strict collectivist nature of the society forcing many to compensate for lack of real world relationships by forming mediated bonds. Moreover, we posited and discovered that that these two groups also showed the highest levels of parasocial relationships in our sample

    Codes of Commitment to Crime and Resistance: Determining Social and Cultural Factors over the Behaviors of Italian Mafia Women

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    This article categorizes thirty-three women in four main Italian Mafia groups and explores social and cultural behaviors of these women. This study introduces the feminist theory of belief and action. The theoretical inquiry investigates the sometimes conflicting behaviors of women when they are subject to systematic oppression. I argue that there is a cultural polarization among the categorized sub-groups. Conservative radicals give their support to the Mafia while defectors and rebels resist the Mafia. After testing the theory, I assert that emancipation of women depends on the strength of their beliefs to perform actions against the Mafiosi culture

    Gender and class in Britain and France

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    This article examines the treatment of women's oppression in feminist theory, focusing on the engagement of second wave feminists with the concept of class and its relation to gender. This examination is carried out with reference to British and French feminisms, identifying the main trends and shifts that have developed over the last 35 years and noting that while these are undoubtedly influenced by a particular national context they are also shaped by increasing European integration and social, political and cultural exchanges at a global level. The authors find evidence of a number of similarities in the questions that feminist theorists have asked in Britain and France but also demonstrate that there are significant differences. They conclude that areas of convergent theoretical interests will extend along with cross-border flows of peoples and information

    Prophetic Reading: Sisterhood and Psychoanalysis in H.D.’s HERmione

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    This article offers a comparative reading of H.D.’s 1927 kunstlerroman à clef, HERmione, and Freud’s Dora alongside an intertextual close reading of its dense web of literary allusions in order to argue that it offers a sustained critique of Freudian psychoanalysis and an alternative origin story for the condition of hysteria. Drawing on the notion of prophecy as it is thematised in the novel, the article demonstrates H.D.’s prefiguring of Juliet Mitchell’s recent reconfiguration of hysteria as a response to, replacement by, or failure of identification with a sibling
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