Ecuador en la búsqueda de autonomía monetaria

A II Semana Acadêmica de Relações Internacionais foi realizada em novembro de 2017, na Universidade Federal da Integração Latino-Americana (UNILA), nas dependências do campus do Parque Tecnológico de Itaipu (PTI) e do campus Jardim Universitário (JU)Ecuador utiliza el dólar estadounidense en todas las funciones correspondientes de una moneda nacional desde el 2000, año en el que fue decretada su dolarización oficial. Se creó así, la pérdida de autonomía en el manejo de su política monetaria y cambiaria. Para lo cuál, no se ha planteado ninguna solución final. Sin embargo, en 2008 en el marco del ALBA, nace el Sistema Unitario de Compensación Regional de Pagos (SUCRE), este es un mecanismo que sirve para el pago de las operaciones comerciales de los países miembros, por medio de la moneda virtual llamada sucre. Este trabajo entonces, tiene por objetivo estudiar el SUCRE, como una herramienta de mitigación de la dependencia de Ecuador con respecto al dólar. De esta manera, se parte de la siguiente pregunta ¿Cómo el SUCRE puede ayudar a aumentar el margen de autonomía monetaria del Ecuador?, así, se busca constatar la hipótesis de que la utilización de la moneda virtual SUCRE, en los intercambios comerciales con los países del ALBA, ayuda a disminuir la dependencia de Ecuador del dólar ya que solo paga con dólar el saldo de sus transacciones intrabloque al final de cada semestre, al mismo tiempo que contesta la estructura financiero-monetaria hegemónica. La investigación tiene una metodología cualitativa, por medio de revisión bibliográfica y análisis de informes del SUCRE y del Banco Central del EcuadorCentro Interdisciplinar de Integração e Relações Internacionais - CIIRI ; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Integração Contemporânea na América Latina - PPGICA

El gobierno personalista de Rafael Correa

A I Semana Acadêmica de Relações Internacionais foi realizada em outubro de 2016, na Universidade Federal da Integração Latino-Americana (UNILA), nas dependências do campus do Parque Tecnológico de Itaipu (PTI)El presente artículo trata sobre los rasgos personalistas identificados a lo largo de los gobiernos de Rafael Correa, con un énfasis en sus dos primeros mandatos. Se toma como base acciones en torno a la elaboración de la nueva constitución de 2008 en Montecristi, su injerencia en dicho proceso, así como también los resultados políticos de éste, especialmente con los movimientos sociales indígenas. Se trae también una crítica a sus mecanismos de comunicación poco participativos; y como esto va limitando la construcción de una democracia participativa. Para finalizar es analizada brevemente la tradición política de Rafael Correa en Comparación con Evo Morales y Hugo Chávez, para identificar similitudes y diferencias. Para la investigación se utiliza de una metodología cualitativa y se realiza un tipo de trabajo descriptivoCentro Interdisciplinar de Integração e Relações Internacionais - CIIRI ; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Integração Contemporânea na América Latina - PPGICA

Comparative analysis of aquatic insect, amphipod, and isopod community composition along environmental gradients in rheocrene spring systems of Missouri

Title from PDF of title page (University of Missouri--Columbia, viewed on August 25, 2010).The entire thesis text is included in the research.pdf file; the official abstract appears in the short.pdf file; a non-technical public abstract appears in the public.pdf file.Dissertation advisor: Dr. Richard M. Houseman.Vita.Ph. D. University of Missouri--Columbia 2010.Spring systems in Missouri harbor a unique biota and provide critical initial discharge from subterranean aquifers to streams. However, little research has been conducted on the crenobiology or ecology in these systems. In this study, aquatic insect, amphipod, and isopod communities were examined in 16 spring systems in Missouri, in some of which associated environmental gradients were also measured. The goal of this study was to create a comprehensive list of species present in all studied systems, as well analyze changes in community composition among and within spring systems in relation to environmental gradients in selected springs. Sorenson's similarity coefficient and UPGMA cluster analysis showed that differences between high discharge spring systems may be related to the presence of trout and trout fisherman. Renkonen's similarity coefficient and UPGMA cluster analysis showed that differences between low to medium discharge spring systems may be related to the aquatic faunal region in which each is located, as species assemblages in Prairie and Big River faunal region springs were dissimilar from those in Ozark springs. Canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) showed that environmental conditions differ among springs and affect species differently in each aquatic faunal region, which may explain the observed differences in community composition. In addition, several state and federally listed species of conservation concern were collected, as well as several species endemic to the Interior HighlandsIncludes bibliographical references

A descriptive and visual analysis of the North Coast Fall Prevention Survey data

Older adults over 65 will double from 52.4 million in 2018 to 94.7 million in 2060. Among this aging group, falls affect one out of four older adults and are a critical economic concern for our American society, with yearly costs of $50 billion. In older adults, falling can result in negative consequences such as fear of falling, injuries, mobility restrictions, and loss of independence. California has one of the highest costs per fall ($4 billion annually) and a high percentage of adults who have fallen (30.6%) compared to the nation. Moreover, two of California’s northwest rural counties, Del Norte, and Humboldt County, have higher rates of falls than the rest of the state. Thus, the purpose of this study was to (1) identify fall risk and prevention needs by distributing the North Coast Fall Prevention Survey (NCFP) to adults aged 60 years and over in Humboldt and Del Norte Counties, and (2) to visually depict layers of this data across Humboldt and Del Norte zip codes. Participants completed the survey either by paper or online. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and Geographic Information Systems (GIS). The descriptive analysis showed Humboldt and Del Norte Counties had a variety of intrinsic, extrinsic, and behavioral risk factors consistent with previous literature. The maps of Humboldt and Del Norte Counties revealed areas needing fall prevention. The results of this study warrant further data collection and analysis; however, they will assist the North Coast Fall Prevention Coalition and local agencies with strategic planning

Cardiovascular disease in transgendered people: A review of the literature and discussion of risk.

This review examines the impact of gender affirming hormone therapy used in the transgendered and non-binary populations on cardiovascular outcomes and surrogate markers of cardiovascular health. Current evidence suggests that hormonal therapy for transgendered women decreases or is neutral regarding myocardial infarction risk. There is an increased incidence of venous thromboembolism (VTE), but newer studies suggest that the risk is significantly lower than previously described. For transgendered men, there appears to be an adverse effect on lipid parameters but this does not translate into an increased risk of cardiovascular disease above that of general male population. In all transgendered people, risk factor interventions such as smoking cessation, weight management and treatment of co-morbid conditions are important in optimising cardiovascular health. The effect of gender affirming hormonal therapy in transgendered people is difficult to interpret due to the variety of hormone regimens used, the relative brevity of the periods of observation and the influence of confounding factors such as the historical use of less physiological, oestrogens such as conjugated equine oestrogen and ethinylestradiol which are more pro-thrombotic than the 17β oestradiol that is used in modern practice

Effects of a novel estrogen-free, progesterone receptor modulator contraceptive vaginal ring on inhibition of ovulation, bleeding patterns and endometrium in normal women

BACKGROUND: Progesterone receptor modulators (PRMs) delivered by contraceptive vaginal rings provide an opportunity for development of an estrogen-free contraceptive that does not require daily oral intake of steroids. The objective of this proof-of-concept study was to determine whether continuous delivery of 600–800 mcg of ulipristal acetate (UPA) from a contraceptive vaginal ring could achieve 80% to 90% inhibition of ovulation. STUDY DESIGN: This was a prospective, controlled, open-labeled, multicenter international trial to examine the effectiveness and safety of this prototype vaginal ring. Thirty-nine healthy women, 21–40 years old and not at risk of pregnancy, were enrolled at three clinic sites. Volunteers participated in a control cycle, a 12-week treatment period and a post-treatment cycle. Pharmacodynamic effects on follicular function and inhibition of ovulation, effects on endometrium, bleeding patterns and serum UPA levels were evaluated. RESULTS: Mean UPA levels during treatment were nearly constant, approximately 5.1 ng/mL throughout the study. Ovulation was documented in 32% of 111 “4-week treatment cycles.” A correlation was observed between serum UPA and degree of inhibition of ovarian activity. There was no evidence of hyperplasia of endometrium, but PRM-associated endometrial changes were frequently observed (41%). CONCLUSION: In this study, the minimum effective contraceptive dose was not established. Further studies are required testing higher doses of UPA to attain ovulation suppression in a higher percentage of subjects

Predicción de fuga de usuarios para una Fintech argentina

Con el crecimiento y la aceleración de los productos y servicios ofrecidos por las Fintech, las empresas se enfrentan a una mayor competencia y el riesgo de perder usuarios. Esto impulsa a las Fintech a implementar estrategias de retención para atraer y mantener usuarios existentes, además de captar nuevos usuarios. El objetivo de esta tesis es desarrollar e implementar un modelo de aprendizaje automático para identificar usuarios con alta probabilidad de dejar de utilizar los servicios de una Fintech, y utilizar esta información para diseñar y probar una estrategia efectiva de retención de usuarios. Este trabajo proporciona una metodología práctica para comprender el valor de los modelos de aprendizaje automático y su impacto financiero en un negocio. Como resultado de este estudio, se logró desarrollar una estrategia que permitió a la Fintech incrementar los ingresos en un 35%. Estos resultados no solo beneficiarán a la empresa en cuestión, sino que la metodología también podría ser aplicada a otras empresas de la industria que enfrenten desafíos similares, como la fuga de usuarios