Minimal solution for inconsistent singular fuzzy matrix equations

The fuzzy matrix equations $Ailde{X}=ilde{Y}$ is called a singular fuzzy matrix equations while the coefficients matrix of its equivalent crisp matrix equations be a singular matrix. The singular fuzzy matrix equations are divided into two parts: consistent singular matrix equations and inconsistent fuzzy matrix equations. In this paper, the inconsistent singular fuzzy matrix equations is studied and the effect of generalized inverses in finding minimal solution of an inconsistent singular fuzzy matrix equations are investigated

Modifications of some algorithms for unconstrained optimization

This thesis contains an account of several modifications to two algorithms for unconstrained optimization, both of which are due to Gill and Murray. Chapter One contains a brief survey of unconstrained optimization and contains also some results which are used subsequently. Chapter Two contains an account of some work on iterative procedures for the solution of operator equations in Banach spaces due to Wolfe (1978a) in which it is suggested that it may be possible, in certain circumstances, to use high-order iterative procedures rather than Newton's method, thereby obtaining computational advantages. In Chapter Three the Newton-type algorithm of Gill and Murray (1974) is described and the ideas contained in Chapter Two are used to construct some modifications of this algorithm. Chapter Four contains some algorithms for the numerical estimation of both full and b and-type Hessian matrices. These algorithms may be used in conjunction with the optimization algorithms which are described in Chapters Three and Five. In Chapter Five the least-squares algorithm of Gill and Murray (1976) is described and the ideas contained in Chapter Two are used to construct some modifications of this algorithm. Chapter Six contains the computational results which were obtained by using the algorithms which are described in Chapters Three, Four and Five to solve the test problems which are listed in Appendices One and Two

Comparison of the Efficacy of Three Natural Surfactants (Curosurf, Survanta, and Alveofact) in the Treatment of Respiratory Distress Syndrome Among Neonates: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Background: Although several different types of natural surfactants are available, including Alveofact, Curosurf, and Survanta, the preferred type and the magnitude of their effects are unknown. Objectives: This study was designed to compare the effects of these three surfactants on the gas exchange and clinical outcomes of neonates with respiratory distress syndrome (RDS). Methods: This triple-blind randomized clinical trial studied all preterm neonates 32 weeks. There were no significant differences for gender or demographic characteristics among the neonates in relation to the type of applied surfactant. According to the clinical parameters (BPD, IVH, ROP, hospital-stay length, and mechanical ventilation requirement), no significant differences were observed between the groups before and after surfactant administration, but the differences between the Survanta and Alveofact groups for the incidence rates of pneumothorax (P = 0.03) and pulmonary hemorrhage (P = 0.03) were statistically significant. Conclusions: Nosignificant differences were observed inmostof the clinical variables between the three types of natural surfactant, but in neonates 32 weeks, the incidences of PDA, mean hospital-stay length, and mean mechanical ventilation time were also significantly higher in the same group. It thus appears that Curosurf and Survanta replacement therapies among premature neonates with RDS perform better than Alveofact replacement therapy

Normal Equations for Singular Fuzzy Linear Systems

In this paper, normal equations for singular fuzzy linear systems is proposed. The principal application of the normal equations is to systems of equations that are inconsistent. The results are explained by solving some numerical example

A Smart Phone Application for the Mothers of Premature Infants

Background: Considering the large number of premature infants and the importance of providing health care, clinical examinations, and home care for them, mothers should be trained and necessary information should be given to them. The aim of this research was to develop a smart phone application to educate the mothers of premature infants. Methods: This research was completed in 2017 and carried out in two phases. In the first phase, the information needs of mothers (n=60)were investigated. In the second phase, a prototype of the smart phone application was developed based on the results derived from the first phase. Finally, the application was evaluated by using a standard questionnaire. Results: The mobile application covered four main areas, including �physical conditions and emotional needs�, �nutrition, sleep and hygiene�, �medical and nursing needs� and �vaccination and growth curve�. The results of the usability testing showed that the users were satisfied with the application. Conclusion: Mothers of premature infants tend to increase their knowledge about their infant's requirements. The application designed in the current study can help mothers to be informed about the premature infants' requirements. Further research is required to evaluate the effectiveness of using this mobile application. © 2019 AGB

SOLVING FUZZY LINEAR SYSTEMS BY USING THE SCHUR COMPLEMENT WHEN COEFFICIENT MATRIX IS AN M -MATRIX

Abstract. This paper analyzes a linear system of equations when the righthand side is a fuzzy vector and the coefficient matrix is a crisp M -matrix. The fuzzy linear system (FLS) is converted to the equivalent crisp system with coefficient matrix of dimension 2n × 2n. However, solving this crisp system is difficult for large n because of dimensionality problems . It is shown that this difficulty may be avoided by computing the inverse of an n × n matrix instead of Z −1

Cigarette smoke-induced toxicity consequences of intracellular iron dysregulation and ferroptosis

Despite numerous studies on the mechanisms of cigarette smoking toxicity over the past three decades, some aspects remain obscure. Recent developments have drawn attention to some hopeful indicators that allow us to advance our awareness of cigarette-induced cell death. Ferroptosis is considered a type of governed death of cells distinguished by the iron-dependent lipid hydroperoxide deposition to fatal concentrations. Ferroptosis has been linked with pathological settings such as neurodegenerative diseases, cancer, heart attack, hemorrhagic stroke, traumatic brain injury, ischemia-reperfusion injury, and renal dysfunction. This review tries to explain the causal role of ferroptosis cascade in cigarette smoke-mediated toxicity and cell death, highlighting associations on potential action mechanisms and proposing suggestions for its detoxifying and therapeutic interventions. © 202

The Relationship among Infection Intensity of Viscum album with some Ecological Parameters of Host Trees

ABSTRACT: We investigated the relations among infection intensity of European mistletoe (Viscum album L.) with host tree features in Nour Forest Park, located in Caspian Forests in North of Iran. The number of 30 circular plots with an area of 0.1 ha were sampled in all places have an aggregation of infested trees. Parameters including DBH, height, distance to stand edge, distance to conspecific tree, bark diameter and the number of adult mistletoe per tree for all infected individuals were recorded. Results showed that the mistletoe abundance and infection intensity in Parrotia persica was more than the other host species and also, have positive significant relation with DBH, distance to conspecific and locating in the stand edge, but no significant relation observed about height of host trees. Results of this study suggest that individual differences among host trees (specially DBH) play an important role in explaining local abundance and distribution of mistletoe plants

The Relationship among Infection Intensity of Viscum album with some Ecological Parameters of Host Trees

We investigated the relations among infection intensity of European mistletoe (Viscum album L.) with host tree features in Nour Forest Park, located in Caspian Forests in North of Iran. The number of 30 circular plots with an area of 0.1 ha were sampled in all places have an aggregation of infested trees. Parameters including DBH, height, distance to stand edge, distance to conspecific tree, bark diameter and the number of adult mistletoe per tree for all infected individuals were recorded. Results showed that the mistletoe abundance and infection intensity in Parrotia persica was more than the other host species and also, have positive significant relation with DBH, distance to conspecific and locating in the stand edge, but no significant relation observed about height of host trees. Results of this study suggest that individual differences among host trees (specially DBH) play an important role in explaining local abundance and distribution of mistletoe plants