A Transformer Architecture for Online Gesture Recognition of Mathematical Expressions

The Transformer architecture is shown to provide a powerful framework as an end-to-end model for building expression trees from online handwritten gestures corresponding to glyph strokes. In particular, the attention mechanism was successfully used to encode, learn and enforce the underlying syntax of expressions creating latent representations that are correctly decoded to the exact mathematical expression tree, providing robustness to ablated inputs and unseen glyphs. For the first time, the encoder is fed with spatio-temporal data tokens potentially forming an infinitely large vocabulary, which finds applications beyond that of online gesture recognition. A new supervised dataset of online handwriting gestures is provided for training models on generic handwriting recognition tasks and a new metric is proposed for the evaluation of the syntactic correctness of the output expression trees. A small Transformer model suitable for edge inference was successfully trained to an average normalised Levenshtein accuracy of 94%, resulting in valid postfix RPN tree representation for 94% of predictions.Comment: 12 pages, 3 Figures, 4 Table

Ricostruire 2. Architettura - Storia - Rappresentazione

Dall'editoriale di Marco Rosario Nobile: "Il 2014 è stato l’anniversario (bicentenario della nascita) di un grande architetto come Eu- gène Viollet-le-Duc. Per noi, associarsi al ricordo significa anche rilevarne le scomode pre- ferenze (espresse da un ventenne), che farebbero indispettire molti colleghi: «Je le dis peut-être à ma honte, mais je trouve Palladio, Sansovino, Vignole, plus qu’ennuyeux» (lettera da Venezia, estate 1837). Forse questo impietoso giudizio si giustifica con la perfezione delle opere del Cinquecento del centro-nord Italia, nell’assenza di stimoli a rielaborare mentalmente e poi graficamente completamenti, ricostruzioni che comportino qualche difficolta' suppletiva, opere che nella migliore circostanza delineano di per sé la soluzione di un rebus troppo facile, “noioso” per un esperto enigmista. Ricostruire racconta, per esempi di studio, il ridisegno per la storia, ovvero presenta contributi che contemplano il desiderio di prefigurare i casi falliti, quelli sospesi, le vicende in- 5 terrotte o sommerse dai detriti del tempo. Negli ultimi anni, i campi di attività che comportano l’intreccio tra ipotesi storiche e la loro verifica di attendibilità si sono amplificati grazie a strumenti di rappresentazione sempre più sofisticati. Naturalmente si tratta di esercizi, il cui valore non è comunque da derubricare semplicemente alla voce “speculazioni”. Questo gioco ha coinvolto anche storici del Cinquecento di altissima levatura, da Arnaldo Bruschi a Manfredo Tafuri, e con precedenti di questa portata, cercare giustificazioni non serve. Esistono però spiegazioni: si tratta forse di un fascino che gli architetti conoscono bene, quel processo mentale che in passato poteva debordare anche in opere di comple- tamento, mentre, per chi come noi ha assimilato la passione di Ruskin, consente la soprav- vivenza di un angolo per continuare a coltivare le logiche complesse di Viollet-le Duc. Questo numero è stato curato dai dottori Giuseppe Antista e Mirco Cannella"

Diffusion weighted imaging in cystic fibrosis disease: beyond morphological imaging

To explore the feasibility of diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) to assess inflammatory lung changes in patients with Cystic Fibrosis (CF) METHODS: CF patients referred for their annual check-up had spirometry, chest-CT and MRI on the same day. MRI was performed in a 1.5 T scanner with BLADE and EPI-DWI sequences (b = 0-600 s/mm(2)). End-inspiratory and end-expiratory scans were acquired in multi-row scanners. DWI was scored with an established semi-quantitative scoring system. DWI score was correlated to CT sub-scores for bronchiectasis (CF-CTBE), mucus (CF-CTmucus), total score (CF-CTtotal-score), FEV1, and BMI. T-test was used to assess differences between patients with and without DWI-hotspots

A survey experiment on information, inattention and online privacy

Personal data lie at the forefront of different business models and constitute the main source of revenue of several online companies. In many cases, consumers may have incomplete information or may be inattentive about the digital transactions of their data. This paper investigates whether highlighting positive or negative aspects of online privacy policies, thereby mitigating the informational problem, can affect consumers’ privacy actions and attitudes. Results of an online survey experiment indicate that participants adopt a more conservative stance on disclosing sensitive and identifiable information, even when positive attitudes of companies towards their privacy are made salient, compared to when privacy is not mentioned. On the other hand, they do not change their attitudes and social actions towards privacy. These findings suggest that privacy behavior is not necessarily sensitive to exposure to objective threats or benefits of disclosing personal information. Rather, people are inattentive and their dormant privacy concerns may manifest only when consumers are asked to think about privacy.publishersversionpublishe

Prognostische Relevanz der Cytokeratin-Expression oraler Leukoplakien und Plattenepithelkarzinome

Die vorliegende Arbeit untersucht die prognostische Relevanz der Cytokeratin-Expression von oralen Leukoplakien und Plattenepithelkarzinomen verschiedener Lokalisation. Es wurde immunohistologisch die Expression von Cytokeratin (CK) 5/6, 8/18, 1, 10, 14, 19 in 144 oralen Leukoplakien (OL) und 201 oralen Plattenepithelkarzinomen (OSCC) untersucht. Die Tumoren zeigen einen signifikanten Expressionsverlust von CK 1. Die Expression von CK 8/18 und CK 19 ist in OSCC signifikant höher als in OL. Die Expression von CK 8/18 und CK 19 ist in OL mit Dysplasie signifikant höher als bei nichtdysplastischen OL. Bei der CK-Expression in OL, Dysplasien und OSCC zeigte sich eine signifikante Steigerung der CK 8/18- und CK 19 Expression, sowie einen signifikante Senkung der CK 1 Expression, mit steigendem Grad der malignen Transformation des pathologisch veränderten Epithels

Contaminant fluxes across ecosystems mediated by aquatic insects

Metals and organic contaminants in aquatic systems affect the coupling of aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems through two pathways: contaminant-induced effects on insect emergence and emergence-induced contaminant transfer. Consequently, the impact of aquatic contaminants on terrestrial ecosystems can be driven by modifications in the quantity and quality of adult aquatic insects serving as prey or contaminants entering terrestrial food webs as part of the diet of terrestrial predators. Here, we provide an overview of recent advances in the field, separating metals from organic contaminants due to their differential propensity to bioaccumulate and thus their potential contribution to either of the two pathways. Finally, this review highlights the knowledge gap in the relative impact of these pathways on terrestrial insectivores

Variability in the characteristics of fresh meat and thighs in relationship to genetic type of the heavy pig

The variability in the characteristics of fresh meat and thighs in relationship with genetic type was studied on 22 lots of heavy pigs, comprising 615 female and castrated males, randomly chosen during slaughtering in groups of 20 to 30 animals per lot. Four different genetic types reared for the production of the San Daniele dry-cured ham PDO were considered: two traditionals (Large White or Duroc x (Landrace x Large White) and two industrial hybrids (GOLAND and DANBRED). Fresh meat samples from longissimus dorsi muscle were collected to perform chemical and physical analysis. The right trimmed thighs were used to evaluate some morphological parameters along with weight losses during seasoning. The genetic type confirmed its important influence on pig carcass, meat and ham quality. The two industrial types, DANBRED in particular, tended to present a lower back fat values and a leaner carcass than the two Italian genetic types. Within the most important characteristics for the production of dry cured hams (subcutaneous fat thickness and seasoning losses) the highest differences were found among the industrials genetic types, which cannot be simply considered as an undifferentiated homogenous group