A Study on Clinical Profile of Euvolemic Hyponatremia in Elderly Hospitalised patients

BACKGROUND: Hyponatremia is common in elderly people. The underlying cause in them is often multi-factorial, a clear history may be difficult to obtain and clinical examination is unreliable. Established treatment modalities are often ineffective and carry considerable risks, especially if the diagnosis of underlying causes is incorrect. Data regarding the incidence of hyponatremia in elderly in our country is limited. This study is done to know the common clinical features and etiology of hyponatremia in elderly hospitalized patients and study the morbidity and mortality of such patients. OBJECTIVES: 1. To study clinical features of euvolemic hyponatremia in elderly hospitalized subjects. 2. To study etiology of euvolemic hyponatremia in elderly hospitalized subjects. 3. To assess the morbidity and mortality due to hyponatremia. METHODS: A descriptive study was conducted in a tertiary care cente (Govt. Rajaji Hospital Madurai) during the period of april 2016 to september 2016. Patients aged > 60 years admitted with serum sodium < 135 meq/1 were included in the study. Fifty patients were selected randomly. These patients were evaluated for the underlying cause for hyponatremia by a detailed history and physical examination and followed by appropriate lab investigations. RESULTS: Fifty patients were included in the study. 58% were asymptomatic at time of presentation. Out of symptomatic cases 100% had lethargy, 76% had abnormalbehaviour, 14% had postural dizziness. There was wide range of etiologies, most common being SIADH (36%) followed by hypothyroidism (26%). There is significant association between serum sodium levels and symptoms and with outcome of the patients.Also study found out association between age of the patient and outcome. No complications were reported during treatment of patients with hyponatremia. CONCLUSION: Hyponatremia is the most common electrolyte disorder in hospitalised patients particularly in elderly. A systematic approach to the diagnosis of hyponatremia with the application of simple diagnostic algorithms, using history, clinical examination and laboratory findings to establish mechanism of hyponatremia can significantly improve the management and outcome of hyponatremia

Evidenced based decision making in public policy for innovating firms

Firms require policies that are supportive to their operating environment and competiveness. Few firms, however, interact with policy makers and it is suggested in the literature that they do so in a self-interested manner. Policy makers are faced with the challenge of ensuring positive sum outcomes in a highly politicised process. Innovative firms could possible request more value creating policies with noninnovative firms requesting value capturing policies. A firm that is more networked is more innovative, but this also increases the management complexity of the firm. The purpose of this study was to enable policy makers to make more informed political decisions in the public policy process. A secondary dataset focused on firms in the innovation context. Groups of firms were categorised by their innovativeness, involvement with policy and network richness through Chi-square tests, Exploratory Factor Analysis and Cluster Analysis. The policy requests of these firms were analysed through the Kruskal-Wallis test, with post hoc analyses using Mann-Whitney U tests. The study found that firms could be categorised based on their innovativeness and involvement, but that network richness played an important role in increasing both. Innovative and non-innovative firms had similar needs in policies. It is suggested that richly networked firms are not independently rent seeking as they request policies that are to the benefit of the broader innovation network in order to sustain and grow the collaborative relationships. Policy makers are advised to ensure the inclusion of network rich firms in the policy process.Dissertation (MBA)--University of Pretoria, 2012.Gordon Institute of Business Science (GIBS)unrestricte

A review of tazarotene in the treatment of photodamaged skin

Chronic sun exposure leads to photodamage, which is characterized clinically by fine and coarse wrinkles, dyspigmentation, telangiectasia, laxity, roughness and a sallow appearance. Many treatments claim to reduce the signs of photodamage, however evidence from randomized controlled trials (RCT) to support these claims is limited. The use of topical retinoids, particularly tretinoin, isotretinoin and tazarotene, has been shown to significantly reduce signs of photodamage both clinically and histologically. Over recent years a number of RCTs, have affirmed that topical tazarotene is an effective and safe treatment for photodamaged skin

"Au nom de l'État de droit" obs. sous Tribunal civil francophone Bruxelles (référés), 05/08/2020

peer reviewedCe commentaire revient sur l'ordonnance rendue en référé le 3 août 2020 par le Tribunal francophone de Bruxelles Dans le contexte de la crise sanitaire, cette décision a été relayée par différents médias et réseaux sociaux afin de mettre en évidence le « ras-le-bol » affiché par la juridiction en question à l’égard des normes prises en réaction à la pandémie

Zunehmende Augentrübung bei Trisomie13

peer reviewedThe power transfer efficiency of energy harvesting systems is strongly dependent on the power conditioning circuits, especially rectifiers. The voltage drop across rectifier and its leakage current can drastically influence the efficiency. The hybrid energy harvesters impose even more severe constraints on the rectifier. The low Vth transistors and bulk regulation technique are used in this work to mitigated the voltage drop and leakage current, respectively. It has been shown that the bulk regulation stops the current leakage through body of PMOS transistor. A near zero threshold cross connected CMOS rectifier is presented in this work using the standard 180nm UMC technology and experimental analysis are carried out to evaluate the circuit performance. © 2015 ICST