1,816 research outputs found
Strong efficiency improvement of SOI-LEDs through carrier confinement
Contemporary silicon light-emitting diodes in silicon-on-insulator (SOI) technology suffer from poor efficiency compared to their bulk-silicon counterparts. In this letter, we present a new device structure where the carrier injection takes place through silicon slabs of only a few nanometer thick. Its external quantum efficiency of 1.4 âą 10â4 at room temperature, with a spectrum peaking at 1130 nm, is almost two orders higher than reported thus far on SOI. The structure diminishes the dominant role of nonradiative recombination at the n+ and p+contacts, by confining the injected carriers in an SOI peninsula.\ud
With this approach, a compact infrared light source can be fabricated using standard semiconductor processing steps.\u
Inferring the effective thickness of polyelectrolytes from stretching measurements at various ionic strengths: applications to DNA and RNA
By resorting to the thick-chain model we discuss how the stretching response
of a polymer is influenced by the self-avoidance entailed by its finite
thickness. The characterization of the force versus extension curve for a thick
chain is carried out through extensive stochastic simulations. The
computational results are captured by an analytic expression that is used to
fit experimental stretching measurements carried out on DNA and single-stranded
RNA (poly-U) in various solutions. This strategy allows us to infer the
apparent diameter of two biologically-relevant polyelectrolytes, namely DNA and
poly-U, for different ionic strengths. Due to the very different degree of
flexibility of the two molecules, the results provide insight into how the
apparent diameter is influenced by the interplay between the
(solution-dependent) Debye screening length and the polymers' ``bare''
thickness. For DNA, the electrostatic contribution to the effective radius,
, is found to be about 5 times larger than the Debye screening length,
consistently with previous theoretical predictions for highly-charged stiff
rods. For the more flexible poly-U chains the electrostatic contribution to
is found to be significantly smaller than the Debye screening length.Comment: iopart, 14 pages, 13 figures, to appear in J. Phys.: Condens. Matte
Multi-band carrier-less amplitude and phase modulation for bandlimited visible light communications systems
Visible light communications is a technology with enormous potential for a wide range of applications within next generation transmission and broadcasting technologies. VLC offers simultaneous illumination and data communications by intensity modulating the optical power emitted by LEDs operating in the visible range of the electromagnetic spectrum (~370-780 nm). The major challenge in VLC systems to date has been in improving transmission speeds, considering the low bandwidths available with commercial LED devices. Thus, to improve the spectral usage, the research community has increasingly turned to advanced modulation formats such as orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing. In this article we introduce a new modulation scheme into the VLC domain; multiband carrier-less amplitude and phase modulation (m-CAP) and describe in detail its performance within the context of bandlimited systems
CONTAMINATION BY ARSENIC AND LEAD IN RESIDENTS FROM VIETNAM
Joint Research on Environmental Science and Technology for the Eart
Special Values of Generalized Polylogarithms
We study values of generalized polylogarithms at various points and
relationships among them. Polylogarithms of small weight at the points 1/2 and
-1 are completely investigated. We formulate a conjecture about the structure
of the linear space generated by values of generalized polylogarithms.Comment: 32 page
Investigating fragmentation of gas structures in OB cluster-forming molecular clump G33.92+0.11 with 1000 AU resolution observations of ALMA
We report new, 1000 AU spatial resolution observations of 225 GHz dust
continuum emission towards the OB cluster-forming molecular clump G33.92+0.11.
On parsec scales, this molecular clump presents a morphology with several
arm-like dense gas structures surrounding the two central massive (100
) cores. From the new, higher resolution observations, we identified
28 localized, spatially compact dust continuum emission sources, which may be
candidates of young stellar objects. Only one of them is not embedded within
known arm-like (or elongated) dense gas structures. The spatial separations of
these compact sources can be very well explained by Jeans lengths. We found
that G33.92+0.11 may be consistently described by a marginally centrifugally
supported, Toomre unstable accretion flow which is approximately in a face-on
projection. The arm-like overdensities are natural consequence of the Toomre
instability, which can fragment to form young stellar objects in shorter time
scales than the timescale of the global clump contraction. On our resolved
spatial scales, there is not yet evidence that the fragmentation is halted by
turbulence, magnetic field, or stellar feedback.Comment: 24 pages, 18 figures. Accepted to publish on December 04, 2018;
updated to arXiv on December 05, 201
Large scale grain mantle disruption in the Galactic Center
We present observations of C2H5OH toward molecular clouds in Sgr A, Sgr B2
and associated with thermal and non-thermal features in the Galactic center.
C2H5OH emission in Sgr A and Sgr B2 is widespread, but not uniform. C2H5OH
emission is much weaker or it is not detected in some molecular clouds in both
complexes, in particular those with radial velocities between 70 and 120 km/s.
While most of the clouds associated with the thermal features do not show
C2H5OH emission, that associated with the Non-Thermal Radio Arc shows emission.
The fractional abundance of C2H5OH in most of the clouds with radial velocities
between 0 and 70 km/s in Sgr A and Sgr B2 is relatively high, of few 1e-8. The
C2H5OH abundance decreases by more than one order of magnitude (aprox. 1e-9) in
the clouds associated with the thermal features. The large abundance of C2H5OH
in the gas-phase indicates that C2H5OH has formed in grains and released to
gas-phase by shocks in the last aprox. 1e5 years.Comment: In press in Astrophysical Journal Letters 7 pages, 1 table, 1 figur
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