The Research of Product Graphical Information Sharing Technology of Virtual Manufacturing Enterprise in E-Commerce Environment

This paper has built a product model by UML and corresponding Product Schema. Then we have illuminated transmit mechanism of the product information by a dumbbell XML document. At last, we have pointed out the direction of the research. This research will provide a significative explore to the product data interchange between the members of virtual manufacturing enterprise in e-commerce environmen

MC^2: A Multilingual Corpus of Minority Languages in China

Large-scale corpora play a vital role in the construction of large language models (LLMs). However, existing LLMs exhibit limited abilities in understanding low-resource languages, including the minority languages in China, due to a lack of training data. To improve the accessibility of these languages, we present MC^2, a Multilingual Corpus of Minority Languages in China, which is the largest open-source corpus so far. It encompasses four underrepresented languages, i.e., Tibetan, Uyghur, Kazakh in the Kazakh Arabic script, and Mongolian in the traditional Mongolian script. Notably, two writing systems in MC^2 are long neglected in previous corpora. As we identify serious contamination in the low-resource language split in the existing multilingual corpora, we propose a quality-centric solution for collecting MC^2, prioritizing quality and accuracy while enhancing representativeness and diversity. By in-depth analysis, we demonstrate the new research challenges MC^2 brings, such as long-text modeling and multiplicity of writing systems. We hope MC^2 can help enhance the equity of the underrepresented languages in China and provide a reliable data foundation for further research on low-resource languages.Comment: Work in progres

Addressing preferred orientation in single-particle cryo-EM through AI-generated auxiliary particles

The single-particle cryo-EM field faces the persistent challenge of preferred orientation, lacking general computational solutions. We introduce cryoPROS, an AI-based approach designed to address the above issue. By generating the auxiliary particles with a conditional deep generative model, cryoPROS addresses the intrinsic bias in orientation estimation for the observed particles. We effectively employed cryoPROS in the cryo-EM single particle analysis of the hemagglutinin trimer, showing the ability to restore the near-atomic resolution structure on non-tilt data. Moreover, the enhanced version named cryoPROS-MP significantly improves the resolution of the membrane protein NaX using the no-tilted data that contains the effects of micelles. Compared to the classical approaches, cryoPROS does not need special experimental or image acquisition techniques, providing a purely computational yet effective solution for the preferred orientation problem. Finally, we conduct extensive experiments that establish the low risk of model bias and the high robustness of cryoPROS

Lawyer LLaMA Technical Report

Large Language Models (LLMs), like LLaMA, have exhibited remarkable performances across various tasks. Nevertheless, when deployed to specific domains such as law or medicine, the models still confront the challenge of a deficiency in domain-specific knowledge and an inadequate capability to leverage that knowledge to resolve domain-related problems. In this paper, we focus on the legal domain and explore how to inject domain knowledge during the continual training stage and how to design proper supervised finetune tasks to help the model tackle practical issues. Moreover, to alleviate the hallucination problem during model's generation, we add a retrieval module and extract relevant articles before the model answers any queries. Augmenting with the extracted evidence, our model could generate more reliable responses. We release our data and model at https://github.com/AndrewZhe/lawyer-llama.Comment: Work in progres

Dietary supplementation of exopolysaccharides from Lactobacillus rhamnosus GCC-3 improved the resistance of zebrafish against spring viremia of carp virus infection

Spring viremia of carp virus (SVCV) can cause high mortality of fish. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of Lactobacillus rhamnosus GCC-3 exopolysaccharides (GCC-3 EPS) on zebrafish (Danio rerio) infected with SVCV and elucidate the underlying mechanisms. Zebrafish were fed with a control diet or diet supplemented with 0.5% and 1% of GCC-3 EPS for 2 weeks. The results showed that supplementation of GCC-3 EPS significantly improved the survival rate of zebrafish compared with the control group. In addition, dietary 0.5% and 1% GCC-3 EPS significantly up-regulated the expression of genes related to type I interferon (IFN) antiviral immunity. Consistent with in vivo results, GCC-3 EPS significantly inhibited SVCV replication in zebrafish embryonic fibroblast (ZF4) cells while significantly increased the expression of type I IFN signaling pathway related genes. Furthermore, knocking down TANK-binding kinase 1 significantly blocked the antiviral effect of GCC-3 EPS. Dietary GCC-3 EPS improved gut microbiota, and the culture supernatant of GCC-3 EPS-associated microbiota significantly inhibited SVCV replication in ZF4 cells compared with the control-microbiota counterpart. In conclusion, our results indicate that dietary GCC-3 EPS can improve the resistance of zebrafish against SVCV infection, and the mechanism may involve enhanced type I interferon signaling. KEYW

Effects of nuclease-treated fermentation product of Lactobacillus rhamnosus GCC-3 on growth, hepatic health and gut microbiota of zebrafish (Danio rerio) fed a high-fat diet

Probiotics are reported to improve the nutrition, immunity, and health of fish. Nuclease can hydrolyze nucleic acids of probiotics to produce nucleotides. The present study investigated the effect of stabilized fermentation product of nuclease-treated Lactobacillus rhamnosus GCC-3 (GCC-3 NT) on growth, non-specific immunity, liver health, and gut microbiota of zebrafish (Danio rerio). Compared to the high-fat diet (HFD) group, GCC-3 NT did not affect the growth performance of zebrafish. However, GCC-3 NT treatment can significantly increase the lysozyme activity and the total antioxidant capacity of body surface mucus. In addition, dietary GCC-3 NT significantly reduced the content of hepatic triglycerides (TAG) in zebrafish while significantly increased the expression of acyl-coenzyme A oxidases 3 (ACOX3) and proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator 1α (PGC1α) compared with the HFD group. The 16S rRNA gene sequencing showed that GCC-3 NT reduced the relative abundance of Actinobacteria while increased Firmicutes at the phylum level. The relative abundance of Rhodococcus was significantly decreased and Lactobacillus and Staphylococcus abundance were significantly increased in the GCC-3 NT group compared to the HFD group. Furthermore, PCoA analysis showed GCC-3 NT diet had a significant effect on the autochthonous microbiota compared to the HFD diet. Together, our results showed that nuclease-treated L. rhamnosus fermentation product can improve the immunity, liver health and gut microbiota of zebrafish, suggesting that it can be potentially used as a functional feed additive for aquaculture

Unveiling precipitation behavior in Mg-Y based alloys

Mg-Y based alloys exhibit a promising combination of strength and deformability through tuning precipitation and solute strengthening mechanisms and tailoring the activity of non-basal dislocations. Understanding the precipitation sequence of Mg-Y based alloys and its dependence on Yttrium concentration in the matrix will provide a guideline for fine tuning structure, morphology and distribution of precipitates in Mg-Y based alloys. In this paper, we explore the precipitation behaviors of Mg-11Y (wt%) and Mg-11Y-1Al (wt%) alloys using aberration-corrected scanning transmission electron microscopy, and rationalize the experimental observations based on first-principles density functional theory calculations. The precipitation sequence during ageing at 225 °C is identified to be SSSS → clusters/G.P. Zones →β′ (Mg7Y) → β′′/βt′′ (Mg3Y). A novel βt′′ phase forms through in-situ transformation from the β′ phase, which shares the same Mg3Y composition with D019-β′′ phase and exhibits the same cbco-structure as β′ phase in Mg-Y based alloys

Comprehensive analysis of the aldehyde dehydrogenase gene family in Phaseolus vulgaris L. and their response to saline–alkali stress

BackgroundAldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) scavenges toxic aldehyde molecules by catalyzing the oxidation of aldehydes to carboxylic acids. Although ALDH gene family members in various plants have been extensively studied and were found to regulate plant response to abiotic stress, reports on ALDH genes in the common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) are limited. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effects of neutral (NS) and basic alkaline (AS) stresses on growth, physiological and biochemical indices, and ALDH activity, ALDH gene expression of common bean. In addition, We used bioinformatics techniques to analyze the physical and chemical properties, phylogenetic relationships, gene replication, collinearity, cis-acting elements, gene structure, motifs, and protein structural characteristics of PvALDH family members.ResultsWe found that both NS and AS stresses weakened the photosynthetic performance of the leaves, induced oxidative stress, inhibited common bean growth, and enhanced the antioxidative system to scavenge reactive oxygen species. Furthermore, we our findings revealed that ALDH in the common bean actively responds to NS or AS stress by inducing the expression of PvALDH genes. In addition, using the established classification criteria and phylogenetic analysis, 27 PvALDHs were identified in the common bean genome, belonging to 10 ALDH families. The primary expansion mode of PvALDH genes was segmental duplication. Cis-acting elemental analysis showed that PvALDHs were associated with abiotic stress and phytohormonal responses. Gene expression analysis revealed that the PvALDH gene expression was tissue-specific. For instance, PvALDH3F1 and PvALDH3H1 were highly expressed in flower buds and flowers, respectively, whereas PvALDH3H2 and PvALDH2B4 were highly expressed in green mature pods and young pods, respectively. PvALDH22A1 and PvALDH11A2 were highly expressed in leaves and young trifoliates, respectively; PvALDH18B2 and PvALDH18B3 were highly expressed in stems and nodules, respectively; and PvALDH2C2 and PvALDH2C3 were highly expressed in the roots. PvALDHs expression in the roots responded positively to NS–AS stress, and PvALDH2C3, PvALDH5F1, and PvALDH10A1 were significantly (P < 0.05) upregulated in the roots.ConclusionThese results indicate that AS stress causes higher levels of oxidative damage than NS stress, resulting in weaker photosynthetic performance and more significant inhibition of common bean growth. The influence of PvALDHs potentially modulates abiotic stress response, particularly in the context of saline–alkali stress. These findings establish a basis for future research into the potential roles of ALDHs in the common bean

Enhanced γ-Glutamyltranspeptidase Imaging That Unravels the Glioma Recurrence in Post-radio/Chemotherapy Mixtures for Precise Pathology via Enzyme-Triggered Fluorescent Probe

Accurate pathological diagnosis of gliomas recurrence is crucial for the optimal management and prognosis prediction. The study here unravels that our newly developed γ-glutamyltranspeptidase (GGT) fluorescence probe (Figure 1A) imaging in twenty recurrent glioma tissues selectively recognizes the most malignant portion from treatment responsive tissues induced by radio/chemo-therapy (Figure 1B). The overexpression of GGT in recurrent gliomas and low level in radiation necrosis were validated by western blot analysis and immunohistochemistry. Furthermore, the ki-67 index evaluation demonstrated the significant increase of malignancy, aided by the GGT-responsive fluorescent probe to screen out the right specimen through fast enhanced imaging of enzyme activity. Importantly, our GGT-targeting probe can be used for accurate determination of pathologic evaluation of tumor malignancy, and eventually for guiding the following management in patients with recurrent gliomas