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Petrogenesis of late Mesozoic high-Ba-Sr granites in the Qiushuwan Cu-Mo orefield: Implications for the distribution of porphyry Mo mineralization in the East Qinling area of Central China

The Qinling-Dabie orogenic belt of China is well known for its large Mo resources. There have been many studies of the genesis of the Mo deposits, but the reasons for the intensive mineralization during the late Mesozoic and the spatially uneven distribution of the resulting ore deposits are not fully understood. Deposits with reserves of >6 Mt. of Mo occur predominantly in the southern margin of the North China Craton (NCC) and are mostly late Mesozoic porphyry deposits. In comparison, a few relatively insignificant and Cu-dominated porphyry ore deposits have been identified in the North and South Qinling terranes. This study presents new whole-rock geochemical, isotopic, and zircon U-Pb age data for ore-bearing granites associated with the Qiushuwan Cu-Mo deposit, the largest porphyry deposit in the North Qinling (NQ) terrane, which provide insights into the asymmetric distribution of Mo mineralization in this region. The rocks display high-K calc-alkaline to shoshonitic affinities, and are metaluminous to weakly peraluminous with high Ba and Sr contents, low Rb, Nb, and Ta contents, and depletion in heavy rare earth elements and Y, which are features typical of high-Ba-Sr granites. Zircon U-Pb dating indicates that the granites crystallized at ca 145 Ma. Their narrow ranges of whole-rock initial Sr-87/Sr-86 ratios (0.7056-0.7069) and epsilon(Nd)(t) (-7.4 to -9.7), zircon epsilon(Hf)(t) (-2.49 to -5.13), and delta O-18 (+5.58 parts per thousand to +6.49 parts per thousand) values, together with the presence of significant Nd-Hf isotopic decoupling (Delta(Hf) = +7.61 to +11.3), indicate that the parent magma was derived from partial melting of enriched subcontinental lithospheric mantle with minor assimilation of the lower crust. In contrast, late Mesozoic granitic rocks in the southern margin of the NCC (including both mineralized and barren intrusions) are geochemically associated with the crust of the northern margin of the Yangtze Block (YB). The YB contains Mo-rich shales that are thought to have been subducted beneath the southern margin of the NCC during the Triassic. Melting of these Mo-rich black shales would have mobilized Mo, a process that enabled the formation of the extensive Mo mineralization associated with the late Mesozoic granites of the southern margin of the NCC. This indicates that the extensive Mo mineralization within the southern margin of the NCC is genetically related to a Mo-rich source that was generated by the stagnation of subducted YB continental crust beneath the southern margin of the NCC. In comparison, the less significant Mo mineralization within the East Qinling orogenic belt might reflect the variable removal of the subducted YB continental slab during post-collisional intracontinental orogenesis. (C) 2019 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved

Mo-rich source and protracted crystallization of Late Mesozoic granites in the East Qinling porphyry Mo belt (central China): Constraints from zircon U/Pb ages and Hf-O isotopes

In the East Qinling orogenic belt, central China, there are numerous Mo deposits with over 6 Mt Mo metal. The giant Nannihu, Shangfanggou and Yuchiling porphyry Mo deposits are hosted in porphyry stocks associated with the Heyu batholith, whereas the giant Donggou porphyry Mo deposit is hosted in a stock associated with the Taishanmiao batholith. Zircon grains from the Heyu batholith have concordant U-238/Pb-206 ages scattered from 150 +/- 3 to 130 +/- 2 Ma with an age interval of nearly 20 my., whereas ore-hosting granitic porphyry stocks from the Nannihu, Shangfanggou and Yuchiling deposits have Pb-206/U-238 ages ranging from 151 +/- 1 to 135 +/- 1 Ma, 143 +/- 1 to 132 +/- 1 Ma, and 143 +/- 5 to 131 +/- 5 Ma, respectively. It is likely that the Heyu batholith has a prolonged history of incremental assembly and the ore-bearing granitic porphyry stocks may have originated from the same magma reservoir and emplaced in different stages. Likewise, zircon grains from the Taishanmiao batholith have concordant U-238/Pb-206 ages spanning in a period from 130 +/- 2 to 111 +/- 3 Ma, whereas those from the Donggou granitic porphyry stock have U-238/Pb-206 ages ranging from 125 +/- 2 to 110 +/- 3 Ma, nearly coeval with the Taishanmiao batholith. The molybdenite Re-Os model ages for each deposit are coincident with relatively young zircon U-238/Pb-206 ages of the host stock, indicating that Mo mineralization is likely related to late-stage magmatism. Zircon grains from the batholiths and granitic porphyry stocks have epsilon(H)(f)(t) ranging from -10 to - 30, T-DM(2) ages from 1.6 to 2.5 Ga and delta O-18 from +5.0 to +8.7%s, which are taken to suggest the involvement of the subducted continental crust of the Yangtze Block in the source. We thus propose that the extensive Mo mineralization in the East Qinling porphyry Mo belt is genetically related to the prolonged granitic magmatism in the Late Mesozoic and a Mo-rich source that was related to the subducted continental crust of the Yangtze Block stagnating beneath the southern margin of the North China Craton

An Efficient Method of Approximate Particular Solutions Using Polynomial Basis Functions

© 2019 Elsevier Ltd The most challenging task of the method of approximate particular solutions (MAPS) is the generation of the closed-form particular solutions with respect to the given differential operator using various basis functions. These particular solutions have to be generated prior to the solution process of the partial differential equations. In this paper, we propose a different approach without the tedious and inefficient solution procedure using symbolic computation to produce the closed-form particular solutions. The proposed approach is introduced and extended to solve a large class of elliptic partial differential equations (PDEs) based on the method of approximate particular solutions (MAPS). Numerical results show the proposed approach is simple, efficient, accurate, and stable. Five different numerical examples are presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method

A Lightweight Efficient Person Re-Identification Method Based on Multi-Attribute Feature Generation

Person re-identification (re-ID) technology has attracted extensive interests in critical applications of daily lives, such as autonomous surveillance systems and intelligent control. However, light-weight and efficient person re-ID solutions are rare because the limited computing resources cannot guarantee accuracy and efficiency in detecting person features, which inevitably results in performance bottleneck in real-time applications. Aiming at this research challenge, this study developed a lightweight framework for generation of the person multi-attribute feature. The framework mainly consists of three sub-networks each conforming to a convolutional neural network architecture: (1) the accessory attribute network (a-ANet) grasps the person ornament information for an accessory descriptor; (2) the body attribute network (b-ANet) captures the person region structure for a body descriptor; and (3) the color attribute network (c-ANet) forms the color descriptor to maintain the consistency of the color of the person(s). Inspired by the human visual processing mechanism, these descriptors (each “descriptor” corresponds to the attribute of an individual person) are integrated via a tree-based feature-selection method to construct a global “feature”, i.e., a multi-attribute descriptor of the person serving as the key to identify the person. Distance learning is then exploited to measure the person similarity for the final person re-identification. Experiments have been performed on four public datasets to evaluate the proposed framework: CUHK-01, CUHK-03, Market-1501, and VIPeR. The results indicate that (1) the multi-attribute feature outperforms most of the existing feature-representation methods by 5–10% at rank@1 in terms of the cumulative matching curve criterion; and (2) the time required for recognition is as low as O(n) for real-time person re-ID applications

A Lightweight Efficient Person Re-Identification Method Based on Multi-Attribute Feature Generation

Person re-identification (re-ID) technology has attracted extensive interests in critical applications of daily lives, such as autonomous surveillance systems and intelligent control. However, light-weight and efficient person re-ID solutions are rare because the limited computing resources cannot guarantee accuracy and efficiency in detecting person features, which inevitably results in performance bottleneck in real-time applications. Aiming at this research challenge, this study developed a lightweight framework for generation of the person multi-attribute feature. The framework mainly consists of three sub-networks each conforming to a convolutional neural network architecture: (1) the accessory attribute network (a-ANet) grasps the person ornament information for an accessory descriptor; (2) the body attribute network (b-ANet) captures the person region structure for a body descriptor; and (3) the color attribute network (c-ANet) forms the color descriptor to maintain the consistency of the color of the person(s). Inspired by the human visual processing mechanism, these descriptors (each “descriptor” corresponds to the attribute of an individual person) are integrated via a tree-based feature-selection method to construct a global “feature”, i.e., a multi-attribute descriptor of the person serving as the key to identify the person. Distance learning is then exploited to measure the person similarity for the final person re-identification. Experiments have been performed on four public datasets to evaluate the proposed framework: CUHK-01, CUHK-03, Market-1501, and VIPeR. The results indicate that (1) the multi-attribute feature outperforms most of the existing feature-representation methods by 5–10% at rank@1 in terms of the cumulative matching curve criterion; and (2) the time required for recognition is as low as O(n) for real-time person re-ID applications

HRS plays an important role for TLR7 signaling to orchestrate inflammation and innate immunity upon EV71 infection

<div><p>Enterovirus 71 (EV71) is an RNA virus that causes hand-foot-mouth disease (HFMD), and even fatal encephalitis in children. Although EV71 pathogenesis remains largely obscure, host immune responses may play important roles in the development of diseases. Recognition of pathogens mediated by Toll-like receptors (TLRs) induces host immune and inflammatory responses. Intracellular TLRs must traffic from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) to the endolysosomal network from where they initiate complete signaling, leading to inflammatory response. This study reveals a novel mechanism underlying the regulation of TLR7 signaling during EV71 infection. Initially, we show that multiple cytokines are differentially expressed during viral infection and demonstrate that EV71 infection induces the production of proinflammatory cytokines through regulating TLR7-mediated p38 MAPK, and NF-κB signaling pathways. Further studies reveal that the expression of the endosome-associated protein hepatocyte growth factor-regulated tyrosine kinase substrate (HRS) is upregulated and highly correlated with the expression of TLR7 in EV71 infected patients, mice, and cultured cells. Virus-induced HRS subsequently enhances TLR7 complex formation in early- and late-endosome by interacting with TLR7 and TAB1. Moreover, HRS is involved in the regulation of the TLR7/NF-κB/p38 MAPK and the TLR7/NF-κB/IRF3 signaling pathways to induce proinflammatory cytokines and interferons, respectively, resulting in the orchestration of inflammatory and immune responses to the EV71 infection. Therefore, this study demonstrates that HRS acts as a key component of TLR7 signaling to orchestrate immune and inflammatory responses during EV71 infection, and provides new insights into the mechanisms underlying the regulation of host inflammation and innate immunity during EV71 infection.</p></div

The sub-cellular localization of HRS during TLR7 signaling activation.

<p><b>(A–G)</b> Macrophages were stimulated without or with R848 for 15 min, and then probed with HRS or organelles markers antibodies against clathrin (<b>A</b>), EEA1 (<b>B</b>), Rab7 (<b>C</b>), Rab11 (<b>D</b>), LAMP1 (<b>E</b>), Calnexin (<b>F</b>) or Rcas1 (<b>G</b>) before confocal microscopy, Bar = 20 μm. <b>(H)</b> The intensity of colocalization was calculated by using Image J software analysis. +++, >80% colocalization; ++, 60%~80% colocalization; +, 40%~60% colocalization; -, < 40% colocalization.</p