Micro-simulation of Desired Speed for Temporary Work Zone with a New Calibration Method

Nowadays, the studies of parameter calibration for long-term work zones are limited to driver behaviour and car-following parameters, and no research was found related to calibration of the desired speed distributions during temporary work zones. Obtaining realistic results from simulations of temporary work zones is difficult. Thus, it would be valuable for gaining more valid simulation data if a method of calibrating the desired speed distribution could be applied for traffic simulation model of highway temporary work zones. The calibration method was proposed in five steps: (1) collect and analyse data, (2) plot the travel speed cumulative frequency curves and calibrate the desired speed distribution, (3) conduct simulation runs, (4) validate the simulation results, and (5) propose a new calibration method, which was assessed by T-tests, and the results are very promising. Finally, a simplified calibration method called “Five-Point Method” is presented and the recommended values of five-point are given.</p

Bis(2-chloro-1,10-phenanthroline-κ2 N,N′)(thio­cyanato-κN)zinc (2-chloro-1,10-phenanthroline-κ2 N,N′)tris­(thio­cyanato-κN)zincate

The asymmetric unit of the title compound, [Zn(NCS)(C12H7ClN2)2][Zn(NCS)3(C12H7ClN2)], contains two cations and two anions. In the cations, the ZnII ions have distorted trigonal–bipyramidal environments formed by four N atoms from two 2-chloro-1,10-phenanthroline (cphen) ligands and one N atom from a thio­cyanate ligand. The ZnII atoms in the complex anions also have distorted trigonal–bipyramidal environments, formed by two N atoms from a cphen ligand and three N atoms from three thio­cyanato ligands. The crystal packing exhibits π–π inter­actions between the rings of the cphen ligands [shortest centroid–centroid distance = 3.586 (5) Å] and short inter­molecular S⋯Cl [3.395 (5) Å] and S⋯S [3.440 (4) Å] contacts

Effects of currents on super-and sub-harmonic waves in a two-fluid system

Abstract Effects of currents on wave motions in a two-fluid system are theoretically studied in this paper. Since super-and sub-harmonic waves are naturally generated by the interaction of arbitrary linear waves, it is of theoretical and practical interest to investigate the influence of pure currents not only on linear waves, but also on second-order waves. Solutions are derived using the perturbation technique. Internal Stokes waves recovered from present solutions are firstly discussed. Analyses of the super-and sub-harmonic interactions are carried out for the deep-and shallow-water configurations, respectively. Conditions resulting in the elimination of second-order waves are determined. Present solutions include and unify most existing theories for two-and single-fluid systems, and are of great importance to the analysis of random internal waves

{4-[(Diphenyl­phosphino)methyl­amino]pyridinium-κP}bis­(nitrato-κO)silver(I)

In the title mononuclear complex, [Ag(C18H18N2P)(NO3)2], the metal centre is coordinated in a slightly distorted trigonal–planar geometry by the P atom of the phosphine ligand and the O atoms of the two monodentate nitrate anions. In the crystal structure, complex mol­ecules are connected by inter­molecular N—H⋯O hydrogen bonds, forming chains running parallel to the b axis

Aqua­[1-(1,10-phenanthrolin-2-yl-κ2 N,N′)-1H-pyrazol-3-amine-κN 2](sulfato-κO)copper(II) methanol monosolvate dihydrate

In the title compound, [Cu(SO4)(C15H11N5)(H2O)]·CH3OH·2H2O, the CuII ion is in a distorted square-pyramidal geometry, in which three N atoms from the chelating 1-(1,10-phenanthrolin-2-yl)-1H-pyrazol-3-amine ligand and one O atom from a sulfate anion define the basal plane and the O atom from the coordinating water mol­ecule is located at the apex. In the crystal, hydrogen-bonding inter­actions involving the coordinating and solvent water mol­ecules, the methanol solvent mol­ecule and the amine group (one with an intra­molecular inter­action to one of the sulfate O atoms) of the complex are observed. π–π inter­actions between symmetry-related phenantroline moieties, with a shortest centroid–centroid inter­action of 3.573 (2)°, are also present

[2,9-Bis(3,5-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-1-yl-κN 2)-1,10-phenanthroline-κ2 N,N′](methanol-κO)(nitrito-κ2 O,O′)cadmium(II) perchlorate

In the title complex, [Cd(NO2)(C22H20N6)(CH3OH)]ClO4, the CdII ion is in a distorted penta­gonal–bipyramidal CdN4O3 coordination geometry. The dihedral angles formed between the mean planes of the pyrazole rings and the phenanthroline ring system are 4.37 (19) and 5.84 (21)°. In the crystal, the anions and cations are connected by inter­molecular O—H⋯O hydrogen bonding, while pairs of weak inter­molecular C—H⋯O hydrogen bonds connect the cations into centrosymmetric dimers. In addition, there is a π–π stacking inter­action involving two symmetry-related benzene rings, with a centroid–centroid distance of 3.437 (3) Å

Monazite behaviour during isothermal decompression in pelitic granulites: a case study from Dinggye, Tibetan Himalaya

Monazite is a key accessory mineral for metamorphic geochronology, but interpretation of its complex chemical and age zoning acquired during high-temperature metamorphism and anatexis remains a challenge. We investigate the petrology, pressure–temperature and timing of metamorphism in pelitic and psammitic granulites that contain monazite from the Greater Himalayan Crystalline Complex (GHC) in Dinggye, southern Tibet. These rocks underwent isothermal decompression from pressure of >10 kbar to ~5 kbar at temperatures of 750–830 °C, and recorded three metamorphic stages at kyanite (M1), sillimanite (M2) and cordierite-spinel grade (M3). Monazite and zircon crystals were dated by microbeam techniques either as grain separates or in thin sections. U–Th–Pb ages are linked to specific conditions of mineral growth on the basis of zoning patterns, trace element signatures, index mineral inclusions (melt inclusions, sillimanite and K-feldspar) in dated domains and textural relationships with co-existing minerals. The results show that inherited domains (500–400 Ma) are preserved in monazite even at granulite-facies conditions. Few monazites or zircon yield ages related to the M1- stage (~30–29 Ma), possibly corresponding to prograde melting by muscovite dehydration. During the early stage of isothermal decompression, inherited or prograde monazites in most samples were dissolved in the melt produced by biotite dehydration-melting. Most monazite grains crystallized from melt toward the end of decompression (M3-stage, 21–19 Ma) and are chemically related to garnet breakdown reactions. Another peak of monazite growth occurred at final melt crystallization (~15 Ma), and these monazite grains are unzoned and are homogeneous in composition. In a regional context, our pressure–temperature–time data constrains peak high-pressure metamorphism within the GHC to ~30–29 Ma in Dinggye Himalaya. Our results are in line with a meltassisted exhumation of the GHC rocks

Discovering Chromatin Motifs using FAIRE Sequencing and the Human Diploid Genome

Background: Specific chromatin structures are associated with active or inactive gene transcription. The gene regulatory elements are intrinsically dynamic and alternate between inactive and active states through the recruitment of DNA binding proteins, such as chromatin-remodeling proteins. Results: We developed a unique genome-wide method to discover DNA motifs associated with chromatin accessibility using formaldehyde-assisted isolation of regulatory elements with high-throughput sequencing (FAIRE-seq). We aligned the FAIRE-seq reads to the GM12878 diploid genome and subsequently identified differential chromatin-state regions (DCSRs) using heterozygous SNPs. The DCSR pairs represent the locations of imbalances of chromatin accessibility between alleles and are ideal to reveal chromatin motifs that may directly modulate chromatin accessibility. In this study, we used DNA 6-10mer sequences to interrogate all DCSRs, and subsequently discovered conserved chromatin motifs with significant changes in the occurrence frequency. To investigate their likely roles in biology, we studied the annotated protein associated with each of the top ten chromatin motifs genome-wide, in the intergenic regions and in genes, respectively. As a result, we found that most of these annotated motifs are associated with chromatin remodeling, reflecting their significance in biology. Conclusions: Our method is the first one using fully phased diploid genome and FAIRE-seq to discover motifs associated with chromatin accessibility. Our results were collected to construct the first chromatin motif database (CMD), providing the potential DNA motifs recognized by chromatin-remodeling proteins and is freely available at http://syslab.nchu.edu.tw/chromatin

Extensive hepatic infarction in severe preeclampsia as part of the HELLP syndrome (hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes, and low platelets): Evolution of CT findings and successful treatment with plasma exchange therapy

AbstractObjectiveWe describe the serial computed tomography (CT) findings of extensive hepatic infarction and successful plasma exchange therapy in a severe preeclamptic woman with postpartum HELLP syndrome.Case ReportA 38 year-old woman presented with elevated blood pressure of 140–180/90–120 mmHg and 3+ proteinuria at 28 weeks of gestation. Two days after admission, the patient suddenly complained of severe epigastric pain and headache. Her blood pressure rose sharply to 195/120 mmHg. A 980 g female was delivered by emergency cesarean section. Following delivery, the patient's clinical condition and laboratory values deteriorated, with progressive liver insufficiency (peak AST level = 4246 IU/L, ALT = 3685 IU/L, LDH = 6237 IU/L, platelets = 72,000/mm3). Two consecutive plasma exchanges (PEX) were undertaken on the 3rd and 4th postpartum day. A contrast-enhanced CT of the abdomen performed 8 days postpartum showed geographically wedge-shaped areas of low attenuation, with a mottled appearance in the right hepatic lobe. Shortly thereafter, the patient recovered and all laboratory parameters gradually normalized 3 weeks after delivery. Follow-up CT-scan of the liver 2 months postpartum showed no evidence of infarction, with complete recovery.ConclusionWe recommend that severely ill patients with HELLP syndrome having epigastric pain should undergo CT imaging of the liver. A trial of postpartum PEX therapy should be considered for treatment of the HELLP syndrome complicated with hepatic infarction, which is recalcitrant to conventional medical management, and fails to abate within 72–96 hours of delivery

Relationship between Carotid Artery Sclerosis and Blood Pressure Variability in Essential Hypertension Patients

Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between the presence of carotid arteriosclerosis (CAS) and blood pressure variability (BPV) in patients with essential hypertension. Methods: One hundred and forty four essential hypertension patients underwent ambulatory BP monitoring for 24 hours after hospitalization. Common BPV metrics were calculated. General clinical parameters, including age, gender, height, weight, history of coronary heart disease, stroke, diabetes, hypertension, smoking and drink, were recorded. Biochemical indices were obtained from a blood test. Carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) and carotid plaques were assessed to separate patients into a non-CAS group (IMT≤0.9 mm; n=82) and a CAS group (IMT>0.9 mm; n=62). BPV metrics and clinical parameters were analyzed and compared between the two groups. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to determine the associated risk factors of CAS. Results: Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that two BPV metrics, the standard deviation of daytime systolic blood pressure (SSD) (OR: 1.587, 95%CI: 1.242–2.028), the difference between average daytime SBP and nighttime SBP (OR: 0.914, 95%CI: 0.855-0.977), as well as three clinical parameters (age, OR: 1.098, 95%CI: 1.034-1.167; smoking, OR: 4.072, 95%CI: 1.466–11.310, and fasting blood glucose, OR: 2.029, 95%CI: 1.407–2.928), were significant factors of CAS in essential hypertension patients. Conclusion: SSD, in combination with the ageing, smoking and FBG, has been identified as risk factors for CAS in patients with essential hypertension