Effect of organically bound iodine in cattle feed on health indicators

Currently, the problem of iodine deficiency is actual in the world, which may cause a large number of diseases and disorders. The problem of iodine deficiency for humans may be partly solved by enriching agricultural products with iodine, i.e. by providing animals with an increased intake of iodine during their growth. Theoretically, the most effective way to use iodine is the form bound to tyrosine, since diiodotyrosine has been proven to be a thyroxine precursor. Taking it into account, a supplement was developed containing iodine organically bound to tyrosine and histidine. In this work, we studied the effect of this supplement introduced into the diets of cattle on biochemical parameters of animal blood. In the test group, which received the supplement with organically bound iodine, an improvement in nitrogen metabolism was noted compared to the control group. This was most clearly demonstrated by the content of urea, since in the test group, its content decreased by ≈15 percentage points, and by the content of creatinine, since its increase in the test group was more than 20 percentage points. Differences in the parameters of carbohydrate and lipid metabolism between treatments were also noted, as in the blood of animals from the test group, the content of cholesterol, triglycerides, phospholipids, glucose and malondialdehyde was lower than in the control group. In mineral metabolism and morphological parameters, there was no significant difference between treatments. Among the indicators of pigment and hormone metabolism, it is important to note the reduced content of cortisol in the blood of animals from the test group. Its level was lower by ≈17.23 percentage points compared to the control group. A decrease in cortisol levels indicated a lower stress load in the test group. In general, studies have shown that the use of a feed supplement containing organically bound iodine has a positive effect on the metabolism of animals.Currently, the problem of iodine deficiency is actual in the world, which may cause a large number of diseases and disorders. The problem of iodine deficiency for humans may be partly solved by enriching agricultural products with iodine, i.e. by providing animals with an increased intake of iodine during their growth. Theoretically, the most effective way to use iodine is the form bound to tyrosine, since diiodotyrosine has been proven to be a thyroxine precursor. Taking it into account, a supplement was developed containing iodine organically bound to tyrosine and histidine. In this work, we studied the effect of this supplement introduced into the diets of cattle on biochemical parameters of animal blood. In the test group, which received the supplement with organically bound iodine, an improvement in nitrogen metabolism was noted compared to the control group. This was most clearly demonstrated by the content of urea, since in the test group, its content decreased by ≈15 percentage points, and by the content of creatinine, since its increase in the test group was more than 20 percentage points. Differences in the parameters of carbohydrate and lipid metabolism between treatments were also noted, as in the blood of animals from the test group, the content of cholesterol, triglycerides, phospholipids, glucose and malondialdehyde was lower than in the control group. In mineral metabolism and morphological parameters, there was no significant difference between treatments. Among the indicators of pigment and hormone metabolism, it is important to note the reduced content of cortisol in the blood of animals from the test group. Its level was lower by ≈17.23 percentage points compared to the control group. A decrease in cortisol levels indicated a lower stress load in the test group. In general, studies have shown that the use of a feed supplement containing organically bound iodine has a positive effect on the metabolism of animals

ON ТНЕ ROLE OF EXOGENOUS AND EXOCEREBRAL FACTORS IN ТНЕ OCCURRENCE OF PSYCHOSES IN PRESENILE AGE AND SENILIТY

With the inсrеаsе of mеаn duration of life in mаn, аn ever increasing medical аnd social importance is attached to the problem of the psychoses in presenile and senile age. Prophylaxis of these disorders is closely соnnесtеd with the detection of exogenous аnd exocerebral injuries which take part in their geinesis.Clinical аnd dispensary observations (including an inquiry оn social coпditions) werе carried out in 155 individuals suffering from presenile аnd senile psychoses (of them 110 with involutive, 35 with vascular аnd 10 - with senile psychoses), as а control served the clinical iпvestigation аnd the inquiry on social conditions of 100 individuals (with nо psychotic traits) in 2 senility homes (48 of them displayed cerebral arteriosclerosis andblооd hypertension and 52 - without any vascular disorders). The females prevail among patients with psychoses (95:60); this difference is exclusively due to involutive psychoses. Соnсеrning the age at onset, 70% of the involutive psychoses have occurred in the age - under 60 years, whereas most of the vascular psychoses - ovеr 60 years

Integration of Static and Dynamic Analysis Techniques for Checking Noninterference

In this article, we present an overview of recent combinations of deductive program verification and automatic test generation on the one hand and static analysis on the other hand, with the goal of checking noninterference. Noninterference is the non-functional property that certain confidential information cannot leak to certain public output, i.e., the confidentiality of that information is always preserved. We define the noninterference properties that are checked along with the individual approaches that we use in different combinations. In one use case, our framework for checking noninterference employs deductive verification to automatically generate tests for noninterference violations with an improved test coverage. In another use case, the framework provides two combinations of deductive verification with static analysis based on system dependence graphs to prove noninterference, thereby reducing the effort for deductive verification

Adjusting the parameters of metal oxide gapless surge arresters' equivalent circuits using the harmony search method

The appropriate circuit modeling of metal oxide gapless surge arresters is critical for insulation coordination studies. Metal oxide arresters present a dynamic behavior for fast front surges; namely, their residual voltage is dependent on the peak value, as well as the duration of the injected impulse current, and should therefore not only be represented by non-linear elements. The aim of the current work is to adjust the parameters of the most frequently used surge arresters' circuit models by considering the magnitude of the residual voltage, as well as the dissipated energy for given pulses. In this aim, the harmony search method is implemented to adjust parameter values of the arrester equivalent circuit models. This functions by minimizing a defined objective function that compares the simulation outcomes with the manufacturer's data and the results obtained from previous methodologies. © 2017 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland

A Heuristic method for the reduction of the outage rate of high-voltage substations due to atmospheric overvoltages

The adequate protection against lightning surges and the limitation of the expected annual failure rate of high-voltage substations are critical issues, in an effort to secure the safety of the equipment and the personnel. Various factors affect the lightning performance of the substations, determining the developed lightning surges and the expected outage rate, i.e., the grounding resistance, the length of the underground cable between the connected overhead transmission line and the power transformer, and the installation position of the arresters. In the current work, a heuristic method is developed to adjust different parameters of high-voltage substations that upgrade their lightning performance. The proposed methodology can be useful to the studies of substations' designers and engineers, contributing effectively in the reduction or/and elimination of lightning failures. © 2018 by the authors

A novel genotoxin-specific qPCR array based on the metabolically competent human HepaRG™ cell line as a rapid and reliable tool for improved in vitro hazard assessment

&lt;p&gt;Although the value of the regulatory accepted batteries for in vitro genotoxicity testing is recognized, they result in a high&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;number of false positives. This has a major impact on society and industries developing novel compounds for pharmaceutical,&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;chemical, and consumer products, as afflicted compounds have to be (prematurely) abandoned or further tested on&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;animals. Using the metabolically competent human HepaRG&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;™ cell line and toxicogenomics approaches, we have developed&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;an upgraded, innovative, and proprietary gene classifier. This gene classifier is based on transcriptomic changes induced by&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;12 genotoxic and 12 non-genotoxic reference compounds tested at sub-cytotoxic concentrations, i.e., IC10 concentrations&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;as determined by the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. The resulting gene classifier&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;was translated into an easy-to-handle qPCR array that, as shown by pathway analysis, covers several different cellular&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;processes related to genotoxicity. To further assess the predictivity of the tool, a set of 5 known positive and 5 known negative&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;test compounds for genotoxicity was evaluated. In addition, 2 compounds with debatable genotoxicity data were tested&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;to explore how the qPCR array would classify these. With an accuracy of 100%, when equivocal results were considered&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;positive, the results showed that combining HepaRG&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;™ cells with a genotoxin-specific qPCR array can improve (geno)toxicological&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;hazard assessment. In addition, the developed qPCR array was able to provide additional information on compounds&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;for which so far debatable genotoxicity data are available. The results indicate that the new in vitro tool can improve human&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;safety assessment of chemicals in general by basing predictions on mechanistic toxicogenomics information.&lt;/p&gt;</p

Temporal Logics for Hyperproperties

Two new logics for verification of hyperproperties are proposed. Hyperproperties characterize security policies, such as noninterference, as a property of sets of computation paths. Standard temporal logics such as LTL, CTL, and CTL* can refer only to a single path at a time, hence cannot express many hyperproperties of interest. The logics proposed here, HyperLTL and HyperCTL*, add explicit and simultaneous quantification over multiple paths to LTL and to CTL*. This kind of quantification enables expression of hyperproperties. A model checking algorithm for the proposed logics is given. For a fragment of HyperLTL, a prototype model checker has been implemented