Uticaj genotipa, oca, pola i trajanja bremenitosti na masu tela jagnjadi pri rođenju

The birth weight of lambs has an essential role in satisfying sheep production. Also reflected as primary factor later development of young organism. In the study included: gestation length, sire (two sires in each genotype during parenting), sex of lambs at birth, the birth weight of single lambs from well nourished mature ewes of the next genotypes: Miss (1), Wurttemberg (2) and Ile de France (3). The highest birth weight was obtained in genotype 3 with an average birth weight of 4.63 kg in sire 2 and 4.44 kg in sire 1 with a difference of 0.19 kg. Gestation length of genotype 1 ranged from 144 to 153 days; genotype 2, from 148 to 154 days and the genotype 3, from 144 to 151days. The highest average birth weight in genotype 1 with gestation length of 153 days weighed 5.10 kg. Average birth weights of male lambs in all genotypes were higher than the females. There were a very significant effect of genotype, sire, gestation length on birth weight of lambs (P (lt) 0.01), but sex have no significant effect on birth weight of lambs (0.065;P>0.05). The result achieved therefore can be explained that the effect of genotype, sire and gestation length and the interaction between subjects effects such as the next: Sire*Gestation length; Sire*Sex; Gestation length*Sex; Sire*Gestation length*Sex were highly and significantly affected the birth weight of lambs (P (lt) 0.01; P (lt) 0.05). The interactions between subjects' effects will be a good indicator to be acquainted more on their influence in a certain trait.Masa jagnjadi na rođenju ima bitnu ulogu u proizvodnji ovaca. Takođe se ogleda i kao primarni faktor kasnijeg razvoja mladog organizma. U radu su ispitivani sledeći faktori koji utiči na masu pri rođenju: genotip, otac, trajanje bremenitosti i pol. Istraživanje je obavljeno u populacijama Miss (1), Virtemberg (2) i Il de Frans (3). Najveća porođajna masa je dobijena kod genotipa 3 i to 4,63 kg od oca 2 i 4,44 kg od oca 1, sa razlikom od 0,19 kg. Trajanje bremenitosti genotipa 1 kretalo se u rasponu od 144 do 153 dana, genotipa 2 , od 148 do 154 dana i genotipa 3, od 144 do 151 dan. Najveća prosečna masa od 5,10 kg zabeležena je kod genotipa 1, sa trajanjem gestacije od 153 dana. Prosečne mase pri rođenju kod muških jagnjadi u svim genotipovima bile su veće od ženskih. Utvrđen je veoma značajan efekat genotipa, oca i trajanja bremenitosti na porođajnu masu jagnjadi (P (lt) 0,01), ali pol nije imao značajan uticaj na masu jagnjadi (0,065 ; P>0,05). Rezultati dobijeni u ovim istraživanjima pokazuju da su efekti genotipa, oca, trajanja bremenitosti i interakcije između efekata kao što su : otac *dužina bremenitosti; otac *pol; dužina bremenitosti *pol; otac *dužina bremenitosti *pol, vrlo značajno i značajno uticali na porođajnu masu jagnjadi (P (lt) 0,01, P (lt) 0,05) ispitivanih genotipova. Interakcije između efekata su dobar pokazatelj boljeg upoznavanja njihovog uticaja na masu tela jagnjadi pri rođenju, koja je od ključnog značaja za kasniji razvoj mladog organizma

Properties of some Late Season Plum Hybrids from Fruit Research Institute Čačak

Since 1979 to 2012 fifteen plum cultivars were named and released in Fruit Research Institute, Čačak. Some of these cultivars, such as Čačanska Lepotica, Čačanska Rodna and Čačanska Najbolja are grown in most important plum growing countries in Europe. Also, these cultivars are used as parent cultivars in many plum breeding programs. In addition to the cultivars, large number of promising hybrids are created in Fruit Research Institute, Čačak and some of them, in this moment, are candidates for new cultivars. Therefore, in 2014 and 2015, we investigated the most important properties of four promising late season hybrids and standard cultivar ‘Stanley’. All four hybrids were harvested since beginning of September (34/41/87) until the beginning of the third decade of September (10/23/87). The earliest flowering time was recorded in hybrid 34/41/87 and the latest in standard cultivar ‘Stanley’. Hybrids 10/23/87 and 26/54/87 generally had the highest fruit weight and all three fruit dimensions. Also these hybrids had the highest content of total sugars and sucrose and highest pH value, but poorest total acids content. The highest content of invert sugars and total acids was recorded in hybrid 22/17/87. This hybrid also, had the highest yield per tree and per hectare while the hybrid 34/41/87 had the lowest these values. Standard cultivar ‘Stanley’ had the largest stone weight and the highest amount of soluble solids

PROLACTIN AND HYPERPROLACTINAEMIA IN FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE ENDOCRINOLOGY – AN UPDATE

Hyperprolactinaemia is one of the most frequent causes of anovulation, resulting in infertility and hypoestrogenic  state with consequences on overall women’s health. Recent investigations on biological actions of prolactin, especially prolactin of extrapituitary origin, expand our knowledge  on prolactin role in the human organism and open new questions connected with female reproductive function and treatment of female infertility. This article represents the review of current knowledge on prolactin physiology, etiopathogenesis, clinical features, assessment , differential diagnosis ,and teatment of hyperprolactinaemia in the female patient

Activation of immune evasion machinery is a part of the process of malignant transformation of human cells.

Malignant transformation of human cells is associated with their re-programming which results in uncontrolled proliferation and in the same time biochemical activation of immunosuppressive pathways which form cancer immune evasion machinery. However, there is no conceptual understanding of whether immune evasion machinery pathways and expression of immune checkpoint proteins form a part of the process of malignant transformation or if they are triggered by T lymphocytes and natural killers (NK) attempting to attack cells which are undergoing or already underwent malignant transformation. To address this fundamental question, we performed experimental malignant transformation of BEAS-2B human bronchial epithelium cells and RC-124 non-malignant human kidney epithelial cells using bracken extracts containing carcinogenic alkaloid called ptaquiloside. This transformation led to a significant upregulation of cell proliferation velocity and in the same time led to a significant upregulation in expression of key immune checkpoint proteins - galectin-9, programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1), indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO1). Their increased expression levels were in line with upregulation of the levels and activities of HIF-1 transcription complex and transforming growth factor beta type 1 (TGF-β)-Smad3 signalling pathway. When co-cultured with T cells, transformed epithelial cells displayed much higher and more efficient immune evasion activity compared to original non-transformed cells. Therefore, this work resolved a very important scientific and clinical question and suggested that cancer immune evasion machinery is activated during malignant transformation of human cells regardless the presence of immune cells in microenvironment

Search for MSSM Higgs bosons decaying to μ+μ− in proton-proton collisions at s=13TeV

A search is performed for neutral non-standard-model Higgs bosons decaying to two muons in the context of the minimal supersymmetric standard model (MSSM). Proton-proton collision data recorded by the CMS experiment at the CERN Large Hadron Collider at a center-of-mass energy of 13TeVwere used, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 35.9fb-1. The search is sensitive to neutral Higgs bosons produced via the gluon fusion process or in association with a bbquark pair. No significant deviations from the standard model expectation are observed. Upper limits at 95% confidence level are set in the context of the mmod+hand phenomenological MSSM scenarios on the parameter tanβas a function of the mass of the pseudoscalar Aboson, in the range from 130 to 600GeV. The results are also used to set a model-independent limit on the product of the branching fraction for the decay into a muon pair and the cross section for the production of a scalar neutral boson, either via gluon fusion, or in association with bquarks, in the mass range from 130 to 1000GeV

Measurement of quark- and gluon-like jet fractions using jet charge in PbPb and pp collisions at 5.02 TeV

The momentum-weighted sum of the electric charges of particles inside a jet, known as jet charge, is sensitive to the electric charge of the particle initiating the parton shower. This paper presents jet charge distributions in s NN $$\sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}}}$$ = 5.02 TeV lead-lead (PbPb) and proton-proton (pp) collisions recorded with the CMS detector at the LHC. These data correspond to integrated luminosities of 404 μb −1 and 27.4 pb −1 for PbPb and pp collisions, respectively. Leveraging the sensitivity of the jet charge to fundamental differences in the electric charges of quarks and gluons, the jet charge distributions from simulated events are used as templates to extract the quark- and gluon-like jet fractions from data. The modification of these jet fractions is examined by comparing pp and PbPb data as a function of the overlap of the colliding Pb nuclei (centrality). This measurement tests the color charge dependence of jet energy loss due to interactions with the quark-gluon plasma. No significant modification between different centrality classes and with respect to pp results is observed in the extracted quark- and gluon-like jet fractions.CMS Collaboration (ukupan broj autora: 2301

Study of central exclusive pi+pi- production in proton-proton collisions at √s=5.02 and 13TeV

Central exclusive and semiexclusive production of pairs is measured with the CMS detector in proton-proton collisions at the LHC at center-of-mass energies of 5.02 and 13TeV. The theoretical description of these nonperturbative processes, which have not yet been measured in detail at the LHC, poses a significant challenge to models. The two pions are measured and identified in the CMS silicon tracker based on specific energy loss, whereas the absence of other particles is ensured by calorimeter information. The total and differential cross sections of exclusive and semiexclusive central production are measured as functions of invariant mass, transverse momentum, and rapidity of the system in the fiducial region defined as transverse momentum and pseudorapidity . The production cross sections for the four resonant channels , , , and are extracted using a simple model. These results represent the first measurement of this process at the LHC collision energies of 5.02 and 13TeV.CMS Collaboration (ukupan broj autora: 2326

Physicochemical and sensory characteristics of promising plum (Prunus domestica L.) genotypes bred at fruit research institute, Čačak

Five plum hybrids (38/62/70, IV/63/81, 32/21/87, 34/41/87 and 22/17/87) and newly released cultivar ‘Nada’, obtained by planned hybridisation and singled out within breeding programme at Fruit Research Institute, Čačak, were assessed for the main physical (fruit and stone weight and flesh percentage), chemical (soluble solids content, total and inverted sugars content, sucrose content, total acids content, pH value of fruit juice, ratio of soluble solids and total acids content and ratio of total sugars and total acids content) and sensorial (attractiveness, taste, aroma and consistency) traits compared with the standard cultivar ʻČačanska Lepoticaʼ. Results showed that the studied plum genotypes differed significantly in all of the assessed traits. Regarding the physical features, the best results were shown by hybrid 38/62/70, which had the highest fruit weight (56.92 g) and flesh percentage (96.91%), as well as by the new cultivar ‘Nada’, for which a larger fruit was observed in comparison to the standard (45.54 g and 42.24 g, respectively). Also, ‘Nada’ had better sensorial properties such as attractiveness, taste, aroma and consistency in relation to the other promising hybrids and the standard cultivar. From the aspect of all the studied sensorial characteristics, in addition to ‘Nada’, only hybrid 38/62/70 was aligned with the standard cultivar. Out of the studied genotypes, late ripening hybrid 22/17/87 had the best values of parameters of fruit chemical composition such as the soluble solids content (17.01%), total and inverted sugars contents (12.31% and 8.96%, respectively). The highest sucrose content (3.39%), pH value of fruit juice (3.51), as well as the highest ratio between soluble solids and total acids content (43.72) and ratio between total sugars and total acids content (32.58) were found in cultivar ‘Nada’. The highest total acids content (1.42%) was recorded in hybrid 32/21/87. Compared to ʻČačanska Lepoticaʼ, the same or better results in terms of the fruit chemical composition were determined in cultivar ‘Nada’ and hybrids 34/41/87 and 22/17/87. The study revealed existence of significant correlations between individual studied parameters of the fruit physical, chemical and sensorial properties

Measurement of the top quark forward-backward production asymmetry and the anomalous chromoelectric and chromomagnetic moments in pp collisions at √s = 13 TeV

The parton-level top quark (t) forward-backward asymmetry and the anomalous chromoelectric (d̂ t) and chromomagnetic (μ̂ t) moments have been measured using LHC pp collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV, collected in the CMS detector in a data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 35.9 fb−1. The linearized variable AFB(1) is used to approximate the asymmetry. Candidate t t ¯ events decaying to a muon or electron and jets in final states with low and high Lorentz boosts are selected and reconstructed using a fit of the kinematic distributions of the decay products to those expected for t t ¯ final states. The values found for the parameters are AFB(1)=0.048−0.087+0.095(stat)−0.029+0.020(syst),μ̂t=−0.024−0.009+0.013(stat)−0.011+0.016(syst), and a limit is placed on the magnitude of | d̂ t| < 0.03 at 95% confidence level.CMS Collaboration (ukupan broj autora: 2292

A search for the standard model Higgs boson decaying to charm quarks

A direct search for the standard model Higgs boson, H, produced in association with a vector boson, V (W or Z), and decaying to a charm quark pair is presented. The search uses a data set of proton-proton collisions corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 35.9 fb −1, collected by the CMS experiment at the LHC in 2016, at a centre-of-mass energy of 13 TeV. The search is carried out in mutually exclusive channels targeting specific decays of the vector bosons: W → ℓν, Z → ℓℓ, and Z → νν, where ℓ is an electron or a muon. To fully exploit the topology of the H boson decay, two strategies are followed. In the first one, targeting lower vector boson transverse momentum, the H boson candidate is reconstructed via two resolved jets arising from the two charm quarks from the H boson decay. A second strategy identifies the case where the two charm quark jets from the H boson decay merge to form a single jet, which generally only occurs when the vector boson has higher transverse momentum. Both strategies make use of novel methods for charm jet identification, while jet substructure techniques are also exploited to suppress the background in the merged-jet topology. The two analyses are combined to yield a 95% confidence level observed (expected) upper limit on the cross section σ VH ℬ H → c c ¯ $$\sigma \left(\mathrm{VH}\right)\mathrm{\mathcal{B}}\left(\mathrm{H}\to \mathrm{c}\overline{\mathrm{c}}\right)$$ of 4.5 2.4 − 0.7 + 1.0 $$\left({2.4}_{-0.7}^{+1.0}\right)$$ pb, corresponding to 70 (37) times the standard model prediction.CMS Collaboration (ukupan broj autora: 2300