The Cannell Legacy

Charles Cannell engineered the study of Interviewer-respondent interaction. He created conceptual frameworks for understanding the interviewing process and its impact on data quality. He invented methods for observing and recording interview interaction. He pioneered the use of randomized experiments in the survey context. He amalgamated insights from clinical and social psychology, sociology, group dynamics, as well as research on verbal and nonverbal communication to inform his work. This interdisciplinary approach has broadly influenced both interviewing research and practice. In this paper, we review Cannell’s many contributions to the field and his enduring legacy

The Cannell Legacy

Charles Cannell engineered the study of Interviewer-respondent interaction. He created conceptual frameworks for understanding the interviewing process and its impact on data quality. He invented methods for observing and recording interview interaction. He pioneered the use of randomized experiments in the survey context. He amalgamated insights from clinical and social psychology, sociology, group dynamics, as well as research on verbal and nonverbal communication to inform his work. This interdisciplinary approach has broadly influenced both interviewing research and practice. In this paper, we review Cannell’s many contributions to the field and his enduring legacy

The Cannell Legacy

Charles Cannell engineered the study of Interviewer-respondent interaction. He created conceptual frameworks for understanding the interviewing process and its impact on data quality. He invented methods for observing and recording interview interaction. He pioneered the use of randomized experiments in the survey context. He amalgamated insights from clinical and social psychology, sociology, group dynamics, as well as research on verbal and nonverbal communication to inform his work. This interdisciplinary approach has broadly influenced both interviewing research and practice. In this paper, we review Cannell’s many contributions to the field and his enduring legacy

The Cannell Legacy

Charles Cannell engineered the study of Interviewer-respondent interaction. He created conceptual frameworks for understanding the interviewing process and its impact on data quality. He invented methods for observing and recording interview interaction. He pioneered the use of randomized experiments in the survey context. He amalgamated insights from clinical and social psychology, sociology, group dynamics, as well as research on verbal and nonverbal communication to inform his work. This interdisciplinary approach has broadly influenced both interviewing research and practice. In this paper, we review Cannell’s many contributions to the field and his enduring legacy

Equilibrium solutions of the shallow water equations

A statistical method for calculating equilibrium solutions of the shallow water equations, a model of essentially 2-d fluid flow with a free surface, is described. The model contains a competing acoustic turbulent {\it direct} energy cascade, and a 2-d turbulent {\it inverse} energy cascade. It is shown, nonetheless that, just as in the corresponding theory of the inviscid Euler equation, the infinite number of conserved quantities constrain the flow sufficiently to produce nontrivial large-scale vortex structures which are solutions to a set of explicitly derived coupled nonlinear partial differential equations.Comment: 4 pages, no figures. Submitted to Physical Review Letter

A biomechanical evaluation of taping and bracing in reducing knee joint translation and rotation

We used five randomly selected cadaver specimens to evaluate the Anderson Knee Stabler and the Lenox Hill Knee Brace, individually and in combination with an anterior cruciate ligament protective tape method. Re duction of total laxity, as well as a defined pathologic anterior-posterior translation and internal-external ro tation, was tested after the anterior cruciate and medial collateral ligaments of the specimens had been sec tioned. Displacements were produced pneumatically; loads were applied to the tibia with the knee in 50° of flexion. The tape and Lenox Hill Brace combination showed the greatest reduction in both anterior-posterior trans lation and internal-external rotation. The Lenox Hill Brace and the tape method used individually both re stricted anterior-posterior translation and internal-ex ternal rotation better than the Stabler Brace alone. This study provides objective evidence of the restraining capabilities of these protective systems that may prove to be beneficial in the clinical setting.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/67165/2/10.1177_036354659202000409.pd

Unconscious Neural Processing Differs with Method Used to Render Stimuli Invisible

Visual stimuli can be kept from awareness using various methods. The extent of processing that a given stimulus receives in the absence of awareness is typically used to make claims about the role of consciousness more generally. The neural processing elicited by a stimulus, however, may also depend on the method used to keep it from awareness, and not only on whether the stimulus reaches awareness. Here we report that the method used to render an image invisible has a dramatic effect on how category information about the unseen stimulus is encoded across the human brain. We collected fMRI data while subjects viewed images of faces and tools, that were rendered invisible using either continuous flash suppression (CFS) or chromatic flicker fusion (CFF). In a third condition, we presented the same images under normal fully visible viewing conditions. We found that category information about visible images could be extracted from patterns of fMRI responses throughout areas of neocortex known to be involved in face or tool processing. However, category information about stimuli kept from awareness using CFS could be recovered exclusively within occipital cortex, whereas information about stimuli kept from awareness using CFF was also decodable within temporal and frontal regions. We conclude that unconsciously presented objects are processed differently depending on how they are rendered subjectively invisible. Caution should therefore be used in making generalizations on the basis of any one method about the neural basis of consciousness or the extent of information processing without consciousness

Shotgun ion mobility mass spectrometry sequencing of heparan sulfate saccharides

Despite evident regulatory roles of heparan sulfate (HS) saccharides in numerous biological processes, definitive information on the bioactive sequences of these polymers is lacking, with only a handful of natural structures sequenced to date. Here, we develop a “Shotgun” Ion Mobility Mass Spectrometry Sequencing (SIMMS2) method in which intact HS saccharides are dissociated in an ion mobility mass spectrometer and collision cross section values of fragments measured. Matching of data for intact and fragment ions against known values for 36 fully defined HS saccharide structures (from di- to decasaccharides) permits unambiguous sequence determination of validated standards and unknown natural saccharides, notably including variants with 3O-sulfate groups. SIMMS2 analysis of two fibroblast growth factor-inhibiting hexasaccharides identified from a HS oligosaccharide library screen demonstrates that the approach allows elucidation of structure-activity relationships. SIMMS2 thus overcomes the bottleneck for decoding the informational content of functional HS motifs which is crucial for their future biomedical exploitation

Shear and thermal effects in boundary film formation during sliding

A prerequisite for understanding mechano- and tribochemical reaction pathways is that the interface be in thermodynamic equilibrium and that the temperature be well defined. It is suggested that this occurs in two regimes: when the surfaces are only slightly perturbed during sliding, leading to negligible frictional heating, and when the surface temperatures are very high (1000 K), in the so-called extreme pressure regime. The tribochemistry occurring in each regime is discussed in terms of the elementary steps leading to tribofilm formation, namely (i) a reaction of the additive or gas-phase lubricant on the surface to form an adsorbed precursor, (ii) decomposition of the molecular precursor, (iii) a process that causes the formation of a tribofilm that (iv) regenerates a clean surface that allows this tribochemical cycle to continue to form a thicker film. These steps are thermally driven in the extreme-pressure regime, while under milder conditions, they are induced by interfacial shear. In intermediate situations, the processes are likely to be a combination of those occurring at the extrema.Fil: Furlong, Octavio Javier. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico San Luis. Instituto de Física Aplicada; ArgentinaFil: Miller, Brendan Paul. Chevron Oronite Company LLC; Estados UnidosFil: Kotvis, Peter V.. University Of Wisconsin; Estados UnidosFil: Adams, Heather. University Of Wisconsin; Estados UnidosFil: Tysoe, Wilfred T.. University Of Wisconsin; Estados Unido

X-ray variability during the quiescent state of the neutron-star X-ray transient in the globular cluster NGC 6440

The globular cluster NGC 6440 is known to harbor a bright neutron-star X-ray transient. We observed the globular cluster with Chandra on two occasions when the bright transient was in its quiescent state in July 2000 and June 2003 (both observations were made nearly 2 years after the end of their preceding outbursts). The quiescent spectrum during the first observation is well represented by a two component model (a neutron-star atmosphere model plus a power-law component which dominates at energies above 2 keV). During the second observation (which was roughly of equal duration to the first observation) we found that the power-law component could no longer be detected. Our spectral fits indicate that the effective temperature of the neutron-star surface was consistent between the two observations. We conclude that the effect of the change in power-law component caused the 0.5-10 keV flux to be a factor of ~2 lower during the second observation compared to the first observation. We discuss plausible explanations for the variations, including variable residual accretion onto the neutron star magnetosphere or some variation in the interaction of the pulsar wind with the matter still outflowing from the companion star.Comment: 18 pages, 3 color figs, 1 b&w figures, 3 tables; discussion expanded; accepted for publication in Ap