Simultaneous determination of saccharin and aspartame in commercial noncaloric sweeteners using the PLS-2 multivariate calibration method and validation by capillary electrophoresis

A new method to determine a mixture for sweetener sodium saccharin and aspartame in commercial noncaloric sweeteners is proposed. A classical full factorial design for standards was used in the calibration step to build the partial least-squares (PLS-2) model. Instrumental data were obtained by means of UV-visible spectrophotometry. Salicylic acid was used as an internal standard to evaluate the adjustment of the real samples to the PLS model. The concentration of analytes in the commercial samples was evaluated using the obtained model by UV spectral data. The PLS-2 method was validated by capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE), finding in all cases a relative error of less than 11 % between the PLS-2 and the CZE methods. The proposed procedure was applied successfully to the determination of saccharin and aspartame in noncaloric commercial sweeteners.Fil: Cantarelli, Miguel Angel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de La Pampa. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Departamento de Química; ArgentinaFil: Pellerano, Roberto Gerardo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de San Luis. Facultad de Química, Bioquímica y Farmacia. Departamento de Química. Área de Química Analítica; ArgentinaFil: Marchevsky, Eduardo Jorge. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de San Luis. Facultad de Química, Bioquímica y Farmacia. Departamento de Química. Área de Química Analítica; ArgentinaFil: Camiña, José Manuel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de La Pampa. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Departamento de Química; Argentin

Simultaneous Determination of Amoxicillin and Diclofenac in Pharmaceutical Formulations Using UV Spectral Data and the PLS Chemometric Method

A new method for the simultaneous determination of amoxicillin trihydrate (AMT) and sodium diclofenac (DIC) in pharmaceutical formulations is proposed. The resolution of binary mixtures of these drugs has been accomplished by using partial least squares (PLS) regression analysis. The model was obtained from UV spectral data, validated by internal cross-validation and was used to find the concentration of analytes in the commercial samples. The method was applied in the concentration ranges of 0 -120.0 mg L-1 for AMT and 0 - 16.0 mg L-1 for DIC, allowing a rapid, accurate and precise simultaneous estimation of the concentration of both analytes of interest in the presence of small amounts of different, unmodelled, absorbing excipients, in spite of their important spectral overlapping. The accuracy, precision and figures of merit (FOM) for AMT and DIC were calculated. This new method proved to be useful for a fast and simultaneous determination of AMT and DIC in pharmaceutical formulations.Fil: Cantarelli, Miguel Angel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - San Luis. Instituto de Química de San Luis. Universidad Nacional de San Luis. Facultad de Química, Bioquímica y Farmacia. Instituto de Química de San Luis; ArgentinaFil: Pellerano, Roberto Gerardo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Nordeste. Instituto de Química Básica y Aplicada del Nordeste Argentino. Universidad Nacional del Nordeste. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Naturales y Agrimensura. Instituto de Química Básica y Aplicada del Nordeste Argentino; ArgentinaFil: Marchevsky, Eduardo Jorge. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - San Luis. Instituto de Química de San Luis. Universidad Nacional de San Luis. Facultad de Química, Bioquímica y Farmacia. Instituto de Química de San Luis; ArgentinaFil: Camiña, José Manuel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - San Luis. Instituto de Química de San Luis. Universidad Nacional de San Luis. Facultad de Química, Bioquímica y Farmacia. Instituto de Química de San Luis; Argentin

Quality of honey from argentina: study of chemical composition and trace elements

Content of P, Fe, Al, Mn, Zn, Cu, Ca. Mg, Na and K trace elements, as well as moisture, pH, free acidity, lactone, reducing sugar, sucrose, diastase activity, ashes and hidroximethylfurfural, were analyzed in 38 samples of natural honey from different places of the centre of Argentina. The mean values for element content were (in µg g-1): P: 28.80; Fe: 3.91; Al: 2.57; Mn: 0.33; Zn: 1.08; Cu: 0.19; Ca: 56.35; Mg: 23.38; Na: 25.56; K: 482.75. Pr was used as an internal standard in order to evaluate the recovery percentage of the trace elements. Chemical content shows the following media results: moisture 16.24 %; pH 3.85; free acidity 30.15 mg g-1; total acidity 31.65 mg g-1; reducing sugar 68.08 %; sucrose 4.05 %; diastase number 19.73, ashes 0.11 % and hidroximethylfurfural: 8.98 mg kg-1.El contenido de elementos vestigio tales como P, Fe, Al, Mn, Zn, Cu, Ca, Mg, Na y K, así como la humedad, el pH, acidez libre, lactona, azúcares reductores, sacarosa, actividad de diastasa, cenizas y hidroximetilfurfural, fueron analizados en 38 muestras de miel natural de diferentes lugares del centro de Argentina. Los valores medios para el contenido elemental fueron (en µg g-1): P: 28.80; Fe: 3.91; Al: 2.57; Mn: 0.33; Zn: 1.08; Cu: 0.19; Ca: 56.35; Mg: 23.38; Na: 25.56; K: 482.75. Pr fue utilizado como estándar interno con el objetivo de evaluar el porcentaje de recuperación de los elementos trazas. El contenido químico las muestras analizadas fueron los siguientes: humedad 16.24%; el pH 3.85; la acidez libre 30.15 mg g-1; la acidez total 31.65 mg g-1; azucares reductores 68.08 %; sacarosa 4.05 %; el número del diastasa 19.73, cenizas 0.11 % y hidroximetilfurfural 8.98 mg kg-1.Fil: Cantarelli, Miguel Angel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de La Pampa. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Departamento de Química; ArgentinaFil: Pellerano, Roberto Gerardo. Universidad Nacional de San Luis. Facultad de Química, Bioquímica y Farmacia. Departamento de Química. Área de Química Analítica; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Marchevsky, Eduardo Jorge. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de San Luis. Facultad de Química, Bioquímica y Farmacia. Departamento de Química. Área de Química Analítica; ArgentinaFil: Camiña, José Manuel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de La Pampa. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Departamento de Química; Argentin

Simultaneous determination of aspartame and acesulfame-K by molecular absorption spectrophotometry using multivariate calibration and validation by high performance liquid chromatography

A new method to determine mixtures of two sweeteners, aspartame and acesulfame-K, in commercial sweeteners is proposed. A classical 52 full factorial design for standards was used for calibration in the concentration matrix. Salicylic acid was used as internal standard in order to evaluate the adjustment of the real samples in the PLS-2 model. This model was obtained from UV spectral data, validated by internal cross-validation and was used to find the concentration of analytes in the commercial samples. The PLS-2 method was validated externally by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), finding, in all cases, a relative error of less than 10% between the PLS-2 and the HPLC methods. The mean value of recovery degree in real samples was 99.2% with standard deviation of 3.2%. The proposed procedure was applied successfully to the determination of mixtures of aspartame and acesulfame-K in artificial sweeteners.Fil: Cantarelli, Miguel Angel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de La Pampa. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Departamento de Química; ArgentinaFil: Pellerano, Roberto Gerardo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - San Luis. Instituto de Química de San Luis. Universidad Nacional de San Luis. Facultad de Química, Bioquímica y Farmacia. Instituto de Química de San Luis; ArgentinaFil: Marchevsky, Eduardo Jorge. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - San Luis. Instituto de Química de San Luis. Universidad Nacional de San Luis. Facultad de Química, Bioquímica y Farmacia. Instituto de Química de San Luis; ArgentinaFil: Camiña, José Manuel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de La Pampa. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Departamento de Química; Argentin

Classification of Argentinean Sauvignon Blanc Wines by UV Spectroscopy and Chemometric Methods

Argentina is an important worldwide wine producer. In this country, there are several recognizable provinces that produce Sauvignon blanc wines: Neuquén, Río Negro, Mendoza, and San Juan. The analysis of the provenance of these white wines is complex and requires the use of expensive and time-consuming techniques. For this reason, this work discusses the determination of the provenance of Argentinean Sauvignon blanc wines by the use of UV spectroscopy and chemometric methods, such as principal component analysis (PCA), cluster analysis (CA), linear discriminant analysis (LDA), and partial least square discriminant analysis (PLS-DA). The proposed method requires low-cost equipment and short-time analysis in comparison with other techniques. The results are in very good agreement with results based on the geographical origin of Sauvignon blanc wines.Fil: Azcarate, Silvana Mariela. Universidad Nacional de la Pampa. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Departamento de Quimica; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas. Instituto de Ciencias de la Tierra y Ambientales de la Pampa; ArgentinaFil: Cantarelli, Miguel Angel. Universidad Nacional de la Pampa. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Departamento de Quimica; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas. Instituto de Ciencias de la Tierra y Ambientales de la Pampa; ArgentinaFil: Pellerano, Roberto Gerardo. Universidad Nacional del Nordeste. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Naturales y Agrimensura. Departamento de Química; ArgentinaFil: Marchevsky, Eduardo Jorge. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico San Luis. Instituto de Química de San Luis; ArgentinaFil: Camiña, José Manuel. Universidad Nacional de La Pampa. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas. Instituto de Ciencias de la Tierra y Ambientales de la Pampa; Argentin

Analysis of trace elements in multifloral Argentine honeys and their classification according to provenance

The concentrations of 14 trace elements Br, Ce, Co, Cr, Cs, Eu, Fe, La, Rb, Sb, Sc, Sm, Th and Zn) have been determined in 120 samples of light-coloured honeys from the provinces San Luis and La Pampa, middle Argentina, using instrumental neutronic activation analysis. The elemental composition was used in multivariate statistical analysis to discriminate the honeys according to geographical origin. Results indicated that element analysis provides a good prospect for discriminating honeys by regions, even if the element composition is not dependent on the year of harvest. Eight key variables (Ce, Cr, Cs, Fe, La, Sb, Sc and Zn) were identified by LDA as providing the maximum discrimination between samples according to their provenance. It was concluded that the methodology in its current state can be used to provide reliable origin information.Fil: Pellerano, Roberto Gerardo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - San Luis. Instituto de Química de San Luis. Universidad Nacional de San Luis. Facultad de Química, Bioquímica y Farmacia. Instituto de Química de San Luis; ArgentinaFil: Uñates, Maria Angelina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - San Luis. Instituto de Química de San Luis. Universidad Nacional de San Luis. Facultad de Química, Bioquímica y Farmacia. Instituto de Química de San Luis; ArgentinaFil: Cantarelli, Miguel Angel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - San Luis. Instituto de Química de San Luis. Universidad Nacional de San Luis. Facultad de Química, Bioquímica y Farmacia. Instituto de Química de San Luis; ArgentinaFil: Camiña, José Manuel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Ciencias de la Tierra y Ambientales de La Pampa. Universidad Nacional de La Pampa. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Ciencias de la Tierra y Ambientales de La Pampa; ArgentinaFil: Marchevsky, Eduardo Jorge. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - San Luis. Instituto de Química de San Luis. Universidad Nacional de San Luis. Facultad de Química, Bioquímica y Farmacia. Instituto de Química de San Luis; Argentin

Development of a prediction model for postoperative pneumonia A multicentre prospective observational study

BACKGROUND Postoperative pneumonia is associated with increased morbidity, mortality and costs. Prediction models of pneumonia that are currently available are based on retrospectively collected data and administrative coding systems. OBJECTIVE To identify independent variables associated with the occurrence of postoperative pneumonia. DESIGN A prospective observational study of a multicentre cohort (Prospective Evaluation of a RIsk Score for postoperative pulmonary COmPlications in Europe database). SETTING Sixty-three hospitals in Europe. PATIENTS Patients undergoing surgery under general and/or regional anaesthesia during a 7-day recruitment period. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE The primary outcome was postoperative pneumonia. Definition: the need for treatment with antibiotics for a respiratory infection and at least one of the following criteria: new or changed sputum; new or changed lung opacities on a clinically indicated chest radiograph; temperature more than 38.3 degrees C; leucocyte count more than 12 000 mu l(-1). RESULTS Postoperative pneumonia occurred in 120 out of 5094 patients (2.4%). Eighty-two of the 120 (68.3%) patients with pneumonia required ICU admission, compared with 399 of the 4974 (8.0%) without pneumonia (P < 0.001). We identified five variables independently associated with postoperative pneumonia: functional status [odds ratio (OR) 2.28, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.58 to 3.12], pre-operative SpO(2) values while breathing room air (OR 0.83, 95% CI 0.78 to 0.84), intra-operative colloid administration (OR 2.97, 95% CI 1.94 to 3.99), intra-operative blood transfusion (OR 2.19, 95% CI 1.41 to 4.71) and surgical site (open upper abdominal surgery OR 3.98, 95% CI 2.19 to 7.59). The model had good discrimination (c-statistic 0.89) and calibration (Hosmer-Lemeshow P = 0.572). CONCLUSION We identified five variables independently associated with postoperative pneumonia. The model performed well and after external validation may be used for risk stratification and management of patients at risk of postoperative pneumonia