Aplicabilidad de las diversas estrategias de análisis sísmico en puentes atirantados en rango elástico

En este trabajo se proponen estrategias de análisis y de modelado optimizadas para abordar el estudio sísmico de puentes atirantados que mantienen sus materiales en rango elástico, ofreciendo al diseñador un rango de errores esperables en cada caso en función del tipo de torre de atirantamiento, luz principal y terreno de cimentación, entre otras características. Para ello, se ha realizado un estudio comparativo de diferentes procedimientos de cálculo dinámico aplicados al análisis sísmico elástico de un gran número de puentes atirantados, y se han relacionado las desviaciones observadas con las simplificaciones introducidas en el planteamiento matemático de los mismos. Entre los métodos considerados se encuentra el cálculo modal espectral, el análisis modal dinámico y la integración directa del sistema acoplado de la dinámica. Además, el efecto del impacto del tablero contra las torres en dirección transversal ha sido analizado por medio de elementos de contacto. Se ha concluido que el cálculo modal espectral ofrece resultados que están del lado de la inseguridad, alrededor de de un 20%, respecto del cálculo modal dinámico de referencia, el cual es el más precis

Network coevolution drives segregation and enhances Pareto optimal equilibrium selection in coordination games

In this work we assess the role played by the dynamical adaptation of the interactions network, among agents playing Coordination Games, in reaching global coordination and in the equilibrium selection. Specifically, we analyze a coevolution model that couples the changes in agents' actions with the network dynamics, so that while agents play the game, they are able to sever some of their current connections and connect with others. We focus on two update rules: Replicator Dynamics (RD) and Unconditional Imitation (UI). We investigate a Pure Coordination Game (PCG), in which choices are equivalent, and on a General Coordination Game (GCG), for which there is a risk-dominant action and a payoff-dominant one. The network plasticity is measured by the probability to rewire links. Changing this plasticity parameter, there is a transition from a regime in which the system fully coordinates in a single connected component to a regime in which the system fragments in two connected components, each one coordinated on a different action (either if both actions are equivalent or not). The nature of this fragmentation transition is different for different update rules. Second, we find that both for RD and UI in a GCG, there is a regime of intermediate values of plasticity, before the fragmentation transition, for which the system is able to fully coordinate in a single component network on the payoff-dominant action, i. e., coevolution enhances payoff-dominant equilibrium selection for both update rules.Comment: 13 pages, 8 figures, submitted to Scientific Report

Caracterización de componentes magnéticos aplicados a la electrónica de potencia.

Este Trabajo de Fin de Grado se centra en la caracterización de materiales ferromagnéticos, especialmente ferritas. Se caracterizará mediante el uso de un banco de ensayos, el cual, entre otras funciones posibilite la determinación automática del mapa de pérdidas del cual se pueden extraer los parámetros de Steinmetz en régimen permanente sinusoidal, así como en condiciones de operación típicas de un convertidor electrónico de potencia.<br /

Physiology and Pathology of Immune Dysregulation: Regulatory T Cells and Anergy

The immune system is responsible for the defense of the organism. It controls what is introduced into it and identifies it as self from non-self. The defensive mechanisms activated by the immune system are directed against pathological microbes and toxic or allergenic proteins, and it must avoid responses that produce excessive damage of self-tissues, inducing tolerance to avoid autoimmunity and other immunopathologies. Regulatory T cells play an essential role in these active processes, using several distinct suppressive mechanisms. The immune dysregulatory diseases result from defects affecting regulatory T cell development and/or function, including the impact of essential genes mutations for T regulatory cell functions and the associated autoimmune syndromes

Immigrant Children and the Internet in Spain: Uses, Opportunities, and Risks

This article describes the use made of the Internet by immigrant children living in Spain and the opportunities and risks it involves. Specifically, it deals with children from the Maghreb, Ecuador, and Sub-Saharan Africa, three regions which account for a quarter of Spain’s foreign-born population. A qualitative methodology was used, based on in-depth interviews with 52 children from these countries and educators from their support centres. Immigrant minors usually access the Internet via their smartphones rather than via computers. They have a very high rate of smartphone use and access the Internet over public Wi-Fi networks. However, they make little use of computers and tablets, the devices most closely associated with education and accessing information. Internet usage is fairly similar among immigrant and Spanish teens, although the former receive more support and mediation from their schools and institutions than from their parents. The Internet helps them to communicate with their families in their countries of origin. As one educator puts it, “they have gone from sending photos in letters to speaking to their families every day on Skype”. Some teens, particularly Maghrebis, sometimes suffer from hate messages on social networks

Multicriteria decision analysis in opioid substitution treatment programs in opioid use disorders

Trastorno por consumo de opiáceos; Programas de tratamiento de sustitución opiáceos; Analisis de decisión multicriterio; Experimento de elecciones discretasTrastorn per consum d'opiacis; Programes de tractament de substitució opiacis; Anàlisi de decisió multicriteri; Experiment d'eleccions discretesOpioid use disorder; Opioid substitution treatment programs; Multi-criteria decision analysis; Discrete elections experimentLa utilización de nuevas intervenciones sanitarias con un innovador perfil de eficacia y seguridad, pero con mayor impacto presupuestario respecto a tratamientos utilizados anteriormente, se asocia con un aumento de los gastos sanitarios. Por tanto, en la toma de decisiones aparece la necesidad de utilizar criterios adicionales a los tradicionales de evidencia clínica, entre los que destaca la evaluación de la eficiencia, que establece la relación entre los costes y los resultados en salud de las nuevas opciones terapéuticas. En este sentido, los Sistemas Sanitarios basados en el Valor tienen como objetivo fundamental conseguir los mejores resultados en salud para los pacientes, a un coste aceptable y sostenible para estos sistemas. De ello, se deriva que resulte fundamental medir y comparar los resultados en salud de las estrategias utilizadas en una determinada patología (Porter, 2010; McMahon, 2012). Sin embargo, hay otros criterios adicionales en la toma de decisiones, como son la relevancia social, prevalencia e incidencia de las enfermedades, el grado de innovación, la efectividad comparada, las necesidades médicas no cubiertas, las decisiones individuales o preferencias de los pacientes, la satisfacción con el tratamiento, el número de pacientes afectados, el empoderamiento de los pacientes y los principios de equidad. Es decir, en muchos casos, considerando el importante número de aspectos a valorar, hay amplias diferencias de criterio en el abordaje de una enfermedad entre los profesionales sanitarios que la tratan, los decisores o gestores políticos que aportan recursos para ese tratamiento y los pacientes que la padecen.The adoption of new health care interventions offering innovative profiles regarding efficacy and safety but with a greater financial impact compared to previously used treatments is associated with increased health care costs. Other criteria alongside traditional clinical evidence are thus necessary for effective decision making. A prime example of this is health care efficiency assessment, with which the relationship between the health outcomes of new therapeutic options and their costs can be established. The fundamental aim of a value-based health system is to achieve the best health outcomes for patients at an acceptable and sustainable cost to the system. It is thus essential to measure and compare the health-related results of the strategies used with a given pathology (Porter, 2010, McMahon & Chopra, 2012). However, there are other additional criteria in decision making, such as social relevance, prevalence and incidence of the diseases, degree of innovation, comparative effectiveness, medical needs not covered, individual decisions or patient preferences, satisfaction with treatment, number of patients affected, empowerment of patients and principles of fairness. That is to say, considering the large number of criteria involved in any given disease and how to approach it, there will be substantial differences of opinion in many cases among the HCPs who treat it, the decision-makers or political actors who provide resources for its treatment, and the patients who suffer it.Para el desarrollo de este proyecto, Pharmacoeconomics & Outcomes Research Iberia (PORIB), una consultora independiente especializada en Evaluación de Intervenciones Sanitarias, ha recibido financiación no condicionada a resultados, por parte de Indivior España

Marcas de alfareros en terra sigillata en los yacimientos en torno a Martos (Jaén). Nuevos aportes al conocimiento del territorio de la Colonia Augusta Gemella Tuccitana en época alto imperial

El área de procedencia de los materiales de nuestro estudio no forma un conjunto homogéneo, ni tiene unos límites bien definidos, ya que existen yacimientos muy distantes entre si de los que revisaremos material. A pesar de ello, es en la comarca en torno a Martas donde se ubican la mayoría de los yacimientos tratados, siendo la zona sobre la que vamos a centrar nuestra atención. Al analizar algunos yacimientos, alejados de Martos, no hemos pretendido entrar en su problemática concreta, ni en la de su territorio, sino tan sólo facilitar una serie de información y apreciaciones sobre aspectos de su cultura material, que aportan nuevos datos a la hora de hacer valoraciones más definitivas y globales sobre ellos.The analysis of terra sigillata potters' stamps found on the surface of sites surrounding Martos (Jaén) enables us to devise an assignrnent chart of the pottery with regard to its corresponding production centres, as well as to make some assesrnents on borh chronological and commercial grounds. Conclusions thereof should shed some fresh light on the domain ruled by the Colonia Augusta Gemella Tuccitana at different stages of the Early Rornan Empire

National expert consensus on home-administered oncologic therapies in Spain

The diagnosis and treatment of cancer impose a significant emotional and psychological burden on patients, families, and caregivers. Patients undergo several interventions in a hospital setting, and the increasing number of patients requiring extended care and follow-up is driving the demand for additional clinical resources to address their needs. Hospital at Home (HaH) teams have introduced home-administered oncologic therapies that represent a new model of patient-centered cancer care. This approach can be integrated with traditional models and offers benefits to both patients and healthcare professionals (HCPs). Home-administered treatment programs have been successfully piloted globally, demonstrated as a preferred option for most patients and a safe alternative that could reduce costs and hospital burden. The document aims to establish the minimum recommendations for the home administration of oncologic therapies (ODAH) based on a national expert agreement. The expert panel comprised seven leading members from diverse Spanish societies and three working areas: clinical and healthcare issues, logistical and administrative issues, and economic, social, and legal issues. The recommendations outlined in this article were obtained after a comprehensive literature review and thorough discussions. This document may serve as a basis for the future development of home-administered oncologic therapy programs in Spain.