Learning Modified Gated Recurrent Units for Information Feedback in Unfolded Turbo VEP MU-MIMO Receivers

International audienceMulti-User Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MU-MIMO) communication systems have gained significant attention due to their potential to enhance spectral efficiency and improve overall system performance. Soft-Input Soft-Output (SISO) detectors and decoders for iterative algorithms are commonly employed for the estimation of transmitted bits in such system. Message passing SISO detectors such as Vector Expectation Propagation (VEP) have demonstrated significant superiority over linear detectors such as Linear Minimum Mean Square Error (LMMSE) at the cost of higher computational complexity. SISO receivers rely on different hyper-parameters that can be optimized. In this article, we propose a modification of Gated Recurrent Unit (GRU), a type of neural network architecture from the Recurrent Neural Networks (RNN) field, suitable to learn hyperparameters of unfolded SISO iterative algorithms for multi-user MIMO communications. Our proposed algorithm outperforms both non-learned and state-of-the-art unfolded algorithms with a fair complexity increase

Graph Neural Networks versus Gated Recurrent Units Only for approximate bayesian MU-MIMO detectors

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Oedèmes, ecchymoses et anémie : un diagnostic au poil. Edema, ecchymoses and anemia

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Extrinsic Versus App Information Feedback in Turbo Vep Mu-Mimo Receivers: Optimization Via Deep Unfolding.

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Role of Periostin and Nuclear Factor-κB Interplay in the Development of Diabetic Nephropathy

International audienceDiabetic nephropathy (DN) remains the most common reason for end-stage renal disease and a leading cause of kidney replacement therapy. Multifactorial pathophysiological mechanisms underlie the development of DN. Among the signalling pathways involved, nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) plays a key role in pathogenesis triggering inflammation, oxidative stress and fibrosis. Recent evidence shows that periostin, a matricellular protein, is involved in the development of renal glomerular diseases through interaction with NF-κB signalling. The aim of the present study is to investigate the contribution of periostin and its interaction with NF-κB in DN development. To this end, we used the BTBR ob/ob mice model of diabetes type 2, and we applied transcriptomic analysis, immunostaining and methods quantifying protein and mRNA expressions. We found that increased periostin expression was correlated with decreased renal function, advanced stage renal damage and fibrosis, and NF-κB activation. Subsequently, we identified novel pathways and genes regulated by the NF-κB-periostin interaction which are involved in the mechanisms of progression of DN. Some of these genes, such as FGF1 and GDF15, have the potential to be new biomarkers and/or targets for the therapy of DN

Hydration for Adult Patients with Nephrolithiasis: Specificities and Current Recommendations

Nephrolithiasis affects around 10% of the population and is frequently associated with impaired dietary factors. The first one is insufficient fluid intake inducing reduced urine volume, urine supersaturation, and subsequently urinary lithiasis. Kidneys regulate 24 h urine volume, which, under physiological conditions, approximately reflects daily fluid intake. The aim of this study is to synthesize and highlight the role of hydration in the treatment of nephrolithiasis. Increasing fluid intake has a preventive effect on the risk of developing a first kidney stone (primary prevention) and also decreases the risk of stone recurrence (secondary prevention). Current guidelines recommend increasing fluid intake to at least at 2.5 L/day to prevent stone formation, and even to 3.5–4 L in some severe forms of nephrolithiasis (primary or enteric hyperoxaluria or cystinuria). Fluid intake must also be balanced between day and night, to avoid urinary supersaturation during the night. Patients should be informed and supported in this difficult process of increasing urine dilution, with practical ways and daily routines to increase their fluid intake. The liquid of choice is water, which should be chosen depending on its composition (such as calcium, bicarbonate, or magnesium content). Finally, some additional advice has to be given to avoid certain beverages such as those containing fructose or phosphoric acid, which are susceptible to increase the risk of nephrolithiasis

Arteriovenous fistulas thrombosis in hemodialysis patients with COVID-19

International audienceBackground: The current Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak is associated with significant mortality, especially in patients suffering from end stage renal disease (ESRD) and hemodialysis patients. Several previous studies reported an over-risk of arterial and venous thrombosis, in particular pulmonary embolism and venous thrombosis of catheter in COVID19 patients in intensive care unit. However, arteriovenous fistula (AVF) thrombosis has rarely been reported yet in these patients. AVF thrombosis is a serious complication that impacts significantly patients outcome. Here, we aim to describe characteristics and prognosis of a cohort of COVID-19 hemodialysis (HD) patients presenting with AVF thrombosis. Methods: In the Ile de France region (Paris area) during the March 11th–April 30th 2020 period, fistula thrombosis cases were collected among COVID-19 hemodialysis patients in seven dialysis units and in interventional vascular departments. These patients’ characteristics were analyzed through a review of the patient’s medical records. Results: Seventeen patients were included in our study (median age 69 years). Ten patients (59%) were men. Ten patients (59%) were diabetic and 88% had a high blood pressure. The mortality rate in these patients was 47%. All thrombosis treated with a declotting procedures (64%) were successfully cleared, but with early relapse in 36%. Conclusion: Our study highlights AVF thrombosis as a severe complication in COVID-19 hemodialysis patients that contributed to the severity and accelerated death