Field of Dreams: Sponsorship Opportunities in Sport Tourism

The perceived short- and long-term economic benefits of the World Cup, Olympic Games, Super Bowl, and the like have led businesses to develop joint bids with governmental units in effort to host such events. Increased competition has also created a need for businesses to find ways to differentiate their products in the market place, reach and influence new markets, and to get more return for their promotional dollars. For some, sport sponsorship has become an effective marketing strategy. This article describes the extent of sport tourism event sponsorship, why and how sponsorships are obtained, and issues involving sport sponsorship, including over-commercialization of sport, and tobacco sponsorships

Winning at all cost? Sport tourism financing by United States state and local governments

Sport wird einerseits wie jede andere Tätigkeit in der Gesellschaft mit öffentlichen Abgabelasten beschwert, andererseits im Vergleich zu ähnlichen Tätigkeiten steuerlich geschont und sogar öffentlich unterstützt. Diese Ambivalenz der steuerlichen Behandlung des Sports hat wiederholt Fragen nach der öffentlichen Finanzierung des Sportes aufgeworfen: Inwieweit sind Leistungen der öffentlichen Hände gerechtfertigt, inwieweit lösen Sportveranstaltungen den Tatbestand der Besteuerung aus? Dieser von Hans-Peter Büch, Wolfgang Maennig und Hans-Jürgen Schulke herausgegebene Band versucht, unter dem Motto „Science meets Practice“ ausgewählte Fragestellungen zu dieser Problematik aus wissenschaftlicher und sportpolitischer Sicht zu beantworten.On the one hand, sport like any other activity in society is burdened with public taxes, and on the other hand, in comparison to similar activities, is tax-free and even publicly supported. This ambivalence of tax treatment of sport has repeatedly raised questions about the public financing of sport: To what extent are services provided by the public sector justified, and to what extent do sporting events trigger taxation? This volume, edited by Hans-Peter Büch, Wolfgang Maennig and Hans-Jürgen Schulke, attempts to answer selected questions on this problem from a scientific and sports-political point of view under the motto "Science meets Practice"

Hydrological Effectiveness of an Extensive Green Roof in Mediterranean Climate

In urban water management, green roofs provide a sustainable solution for flood risk mitigation. Numerous studies have investigated green roof hydrologic effectiveness and the parameters that influence their operation; many have been conducted on the pilot scale, whereas only some of these have been executed on full-scale rooftop installations. Several models have been developed, but only a few have investigated the influence of green roof physical parameters on performance. From this broader context, this paper presents the results of a monitoring analysis of an extensive green roof located at the University of Calabria, Italy, in the Mediterranean climate region. To obtain this goal, the subsurface runoff coefficient, peak flow reduction, peak flow lag-time, and time to the start of runoff were evaluated at an event scale by considering a set of data collected between October 2015 and September 2016 consisting of 62 storm events. The mean value of subsurface runoff was 32.0% when considering the whole dataset, and 50.4% for 35 rainfall events (principally major than 8.0 mm); these results indicate the good hydraulic performance of this specific green roof in a Mediterranean climate, which is in agreement with other studies. A modeling approach was used to evaluate the influence of the substrate depth on green roof retention. The soil hydraulics features were first measured using a simplified evaporation method, and then modeled using HYDRUS-1D software (PC-Progress s.r.o., Prague, Czech Republic) by considering different values of soil depth (6 cm, 9 cm, 12 cm, and 15 cm) for six months under Mediterranean climate conditions. The results showed how the specific soil substrate was able to achieve a runoff volume reduction ranging from 22% to 24% by increasing the soil depth

Data modeling for museum collections

The relationship between cultural heritage, digital technologies and visual models involves an increasingly wide area of research, oriented towards the renewal of archives and museums for the preservation and promotion of culture. Recent research activities are the result of the progressive strengthening of digital technologies and the needs of a new generation of “digital” users, which requires museums to update their means of communication using Semantic Web languages and technologies shaped by a social conceptualization of a graph-based representation of information. The growth of several digitized heritage collections increases the necessity of proper methodologies to develop a structured system able to access to these collections and the large amount of data, metadata and paradata related to the digitized objects in a structured and organized way, defining a set of collection information models (CIM), that considers not only the digitizing process but also the data collection process, layered by an Upper Ontology level structure, based on CIDOC-CRM

Miglioramento e Nota correttiva Proposta di soluzione congettura di Andrica

Nota correttiva agli articoli precedenti sullo stesso argoment

Neuropsychiatric performance and treatment of hepatitis C with direct-acting antivirals: a prospective study

Background: Since direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) have been approved for the treatment of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, a small series of patients with new-onset neuropsychiatric alterations have been referred to us. We therefore set out to study neuropsychiatric function in relation to DAAs prospectively. Methods: Ten patients with cirrhosis and 12 post-liver transplant (post-LT) patients were enrolled. All underwent wake electroencephalography (EEG) and a neuropsychological evaluation (paper and pencil battery, simple/choice reaction times, working memory task) at baseline, at the end of treatment with DAAs and after 6 months. At the same time points, full blood count, liver/kidney function tests, quantitative HCV RNA, ammonia and immunosuppressant drug levels were obtained, as appropriate. Results: Patients with cirrhosis were significantly older than post-LT patients (65\ub112 vs 55\ub17 years; P<0.05). Neuropsychological performance and wake EEG were comparable in the two groups at baseline. At the end of a course of treatment with DAAs, a significant slowing in choice reaction times and in the EEG (increased relative delta power) was observed in patients with cirrhosis, which resolved after 6 months. In contrast, no significant changes over time were observed in the neuropsychiatric performance of post-LT patients. No significant associations were observed between neuropsychiatric performance and stand-alone/combined laboratory variables. Conclusion: Some degree of neuropsychiatric impairment was observed in relation to treatment with DAAs in patients with cirrhosis, but not in post-LT patients, suggesting that the former may be sensitive to mild DAA neurotoxicity

Block Notes of Math - Goldbach, Twin Primes and Polignac - equivalent RH

In this work the authors will explain and prove three equivalent RH, which are obtained linking G(N)/N with Li and g(N)/N with Li. Moreover the authors will show a new step function for G(N)/N and, through the GRH, a generalization for Polignac

Micromorphometric analysis of bone blocks harvested with eight different ultrasonic and sonic devices for osseous surgery

OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to analyse in vitro the main features of osteotomies performed by means of different ultrasonic and sonic systems for bone surgery. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Six ultrasonic and two sonic devices for osseous surgery were evaluated during block harvesting on bovine bone. After measuring cutting speed, images of the blocks were acquired by light stereo-microscope and E-SEM, in order to measure the osteotomy thickness and to evaluate the presence of intra-trabecular bone debris and signs of thermal injuries on the bone. Roughness evaluation was performed using a profilometer. RESULTS: All the ultrasonic instruments required a shorter time than sonic systems to perform the block harvesting (p 0.05). K-Bisonic and Variosurg 3 showed the smallest percentage variance between tip thickness and osteotomy width. Intra-trabecular debris was found to occur in inverse proportion with the width of the osteotomy: the tighter the track, the higher the amount of debris. Sonicflex Bone, Piezotome 2 and Sonosurgery showed almost no signs of thermal injuries on the osteotomised surfaces. CONCLUSIONS: No single ultrasonic or sonic device combined all the best features of speed, precision and bone micro-architecture preservation

Il disegno narrato. Esplicitare algoritmi per insegnare la modellazione digitale | The Narrated Drawing. Explicating Algorithms for Teaching Digital Modelling

The tools for architectural design have rapidly evolved in recent years, integrating manual design with the use of the computer: through increasingly advanced tools the latest digital platforms, if wisely used, allow a deep and transversal control of the design and construction process, favoring the management of levels of complexity that the technical design does not allow to pursue. Without renouncing the expressive and ideative capacity of manual design, the new tools work efficiently on the relationships between logic and form, geometry, and attributes. The paradigm of design has changed, a change already underway in professional practice, which must be integrated within the academy; only in this way will digital procedures be fully dominated by future designers to obtain projects with an ‘ethical’ form. The present contribution aims at critically reasoning about these instances, between theory and technique, accompanying the narration with some interesting and original didactic experiences that explore the integration between different knowledge, investigating possible connections between a rigorous geometric/logical/formal approach typical of visual programming systems (VPL - Visual Programming Language) using explicit representation