Etude de la faisabilité de condensateurs électrochimiques couplant des mécanismes de types capacitif et faradique

VERSAILLES-BU Sciences et IUT (786462101) / SudocSudocFranceF

Soft adsorption of densely packed layers of DNA-plasmid * 1,3-diaminopropane complexes onto highly oriented pyrolytic graphite designed to erode in water

International audienceIn this Article, we report a simple and effective method to build up self-assembled and well-calibrated layers of plasmid DNA*1,3-diaminopropane complexes onto highly oriented pyrolitic graphite (HOPG). The method is based on the self-assembly of the poly electrolytes onto HOPG in an excess of positively charged protonated diamines (Dap2+) in comparison to the negatively charged phosphate moieties of the DNA backbone in solution. Although short distortions in the helical parameters of DNA (maximum 12% hypochromicity) are revealed by UV-vis absorption spectrometry, the native B form of the plasmids is conserved. By fixing the excess of positive charges arising from Dap2+ cations, it is possible to construct assemblies of a well-defined thickness ranging typically from 1 monolayer (ML) of DNA to 10 ML; 1 ML has a thickness of 2.2 ± 0.5 nm. Adding TRIS-EDTA (TE) buffer lowers considerably the damage rate observed when plasmids are mixed with Dap2+ in pure water. The thickness of the first dense monolayer matches well the DNA cross-sectional dimensions, indicating that this layer is strongly anchored to the surface; it is insoluble in water. Conversely, thicker layers can be released in aqueous media, and the plasmids do not undergo dramatic damage. In the presence of TE buffer, condensation of the plasmids on the HOPG surface and a further release of the deposits in water yields a loss of supercoiling that ranges typically from 10% to 20% when the layer thickness varies from 22 to 12 nm. Such densely packed and releasable DNA plasmid layers with a very well-characterized and constant thickness constitute a substantial progress for biochemical and radiochemical experiments

Synthesis of polymer materials for use as cell culture substrates

Up to today, several techniques have been used to maintain cells in culture for studying many aspects of cell biology and physiology. More often, cell culture is dependent on proper anchorage of cells to the growth surface. Thus, poly-l-lysine, fibronectin or laminin are the most commonly used substrates. In this study, electrosynthesized biocompatible polymer films are proposed as an alternative to these standard substrates. The electrosynthesized polymers tested were polyethylenimine, polypropylenimine and polypyrrole. Then, the adhesion, proliferation and morphology of rat neuronal cell lines were investigated on these polymer substrates in an attempt to develop new and efficient polymer materials for cell culture. During their growth on the polymers, the evolution of the cell morphology was monitored using both confocal microscopy and immunohistochemistry, leading to the conclusion of a normal development. An estimation of the adhesion and proliferation rates of rat neuronal cell cultures indicated that polyethylenimine and polypropylenimine were the best substrates for culturing olfactory neuronal cells. A method to favour the differentiation of the neuronal cells was also developed since the final aim of this work is to develop a biosensor for odour detection using differentiated neuronal cells as transducers. Consequently, a biosensor was microfabricated using silicon technology. This microsystem allowed us to culture the cells on a silicon wafer and to position the cells on certain parts of the silicon wafer