Bridge on the I/42 road in Brno

Předmětem bakalářské práce je návrh mostní konstrukce na silnici I/42 v Brně mezi městskými částmi Královo Pole - Pisárky.Práce obsahuje statický výpočet mostní konstrukce o jednom poli,který je navržen ve třech variantách.Zvolená varianta je z železového betonu konstantního průřezu o délce 13,2 m.Výpočet účinků zatížení je proveden počítačovým softwarem a porovnán s ručním výpočtem metodou spolupůsobící šířky desky.Posuzování konstrukce je počítáno ručně dle Nrmy ČSN EN 1992-1-1.Výpočet je proveden bez časové analýzy.The subject work is to design bridge construction on the road I/42 in Brno between neighborhoods Kralovo Pole - Pisarky. The work includes construction of bridge structural analysis of one field, which is designed in three versions. The selected option is of constant cross-section of reinforced concrete with a length of 13.2 m load effects calculation is made by computer software Scia Engineer for study and compared with manual calculation method of co-latitude records. Assessing the structure is calculated by hand according to EN 1992-1-1. The calculation is performed without time analysis.

Multifunctional building - Construction technology project

Diplomová práce obsahuje technologický projekt Objektu občanské vybavenosti s byty v Brně. Práce je zaměřena na vybrané části technologického projektu, jež spoluutváří podrobný popis jednotlivých pracovních činností a jejich návaznost při výstavbě.This diploma thesis contains the technological project of a multifunctional building with apartments located in Brno and. Thesis is focused on a selected part of a technology project that co-creates detailed description of work activities and their relation during construction.

Roots of angiosperm formins: The evolutionary history of plant FH2 domain-containing proteins

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Shuffling of modular protein domains is an important source of evolutionary innovation. Formins are a family of actin-organizing proteins that share a conserved FH2 domain but their overall domain architecture differs dramatically between opisthokonts (metazoans and fungi) and plants. We performed a phylogenomic analysis of formins in most eukaryotic kingdoms, aiming to reconstruct an evolutionary scenario that may have produced the current diversity of domain combinations with focus on the origin of the angiosperm formin architectures.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>The Rho GTPase-binding domain (GBD/FH3) reported from opisthokont and <it>Dictyostelium </it>formins was found in all lineages except plants, suggesting its ancestral character. Instead, mosses and vascular plants possess the two formin classes known from angiosperms: membrane-anchored Class I formins and Class II formins carrying a PTEN-like domain. PTEN-related domains were found also in stramenopile formins, where they have been probably acquired independently rather than by horizontal transfer, following a burst of domain rearrangements in the chromalveolate lineage. A novel RhoGAP-related domain was identified in some algal, moss and lycophyte (but not angiosperm) formins that define a specific branch (Class III) of the formin family.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>We propose a scenario where formins underwent multiple domain rearrangements in several eukaryotic lineages, especially plants and chromalveolates. In plants this replaced GBD/FH3 by a probably inactive RhoGAP-like domain, preserving a formin-mediated association between (membrane-anchored) Rho GTPases and the actin cytoskeleton. Subsequent amplification of formin genes, possibly coincident with the expansion of plants to dry land, was followed by acquisition of alternative membrane attachment mechanisms present in extant Class I and Class II formins, allowing later loss of the RhoGAP-like domain-containing formins in angiosperms.</p

Experimental study on the optimization of the autoclave curing cycle for the enhancement of the mechanical properties of prepreg carbon-epoxy laminates

In this study, the influence of the technological parameters of autoclave curing on the resulting mechanical properties of laminates was investigated. The main criterion for optimizing the curing was to extend the processing window with a lower prepreg viscosity. At the same time, the issue of setting the pressure level before the heat ramp to the final cure temperature was also addressed. An experimental method of measuring the indentation viscosity of the prepreg was used to determine the viscosity profile. Despite the experimental nature of the method, the reliability of this method for rapid approximate identification of the processing window of the prepreg was verified by the results of the study. Several laminates with the same ply orientation were produced using the selected cure cycles, from which test specimens were cut with a water jet and inspected by confocal microscopy. The mechanical properties of tension and flexure were measured within the individual curing cycles using tests according to ISO standards. The data reported demonstrate that the experimental method of optimizing the curing parameters has successfully increased the selected mechanical properties. The resulting mechanical properties of the laminates were enhanced by up to 20% compared to the non-optimized cure cycle. The influence of the type of cure cycle on the resulting thickness of the cured laminate was evaluated in this study.Tomas Bata University in Zlín, TBU; Univerzita Tomáše Bati ve Zlíně, UTB, (IGA/FT/2023/004

A Short-Term Response of Soil Microbial Communities to Cadmium and Organic Substrate Amendment in Long-Term Contaminated Soil by Toxic Elements

Two long-term contaminated soils differing in contents of Pb, Zn, As, Cd were compared in a microcosm experiment for changes in microbial community structure and respiration after various treatments. We observed that the extent of long-term contamination (over 200 years) by toxic elements did not change the total numbers and diversity of bacteria but influenced their community composition. Namely, numbers of Actinobacteria determined by phylum specific qPCR increased and also the proportion of Actinobacteria and Chloroflexi increased in Illumina sequence libraries in the more contaminated soil. In the experiment, secondary disturbance by supplemented cadmium (doses from double to 100-fold the concentration in the original soil) and organic substrates (cellobiose or straw) increased bacterial diversity in the less contaminated soil and decreased it in the more contaminated soil. Respiration in the experiment was higher in the more contaminated soil in all treatments and correlated with bacterial numbers. Considering the most significant changes in bacterial community, it seemed that particularly Actinobacteria withstand contamination by toxic elements. The results proved higher resistance to secondary disturbance in terms of both, respiration and bacterial community structure in the less contaminated soil

Evolution of the Land Plant Exocyst Complexes

Exocyst is an evolutionarily conserved vesicle tethering complex functioning especially in the last stage of exocytosis. Homologs of its eight canonical subunits – Sec3, Sec5, Sec6, Sec8, Sec10, Sec15, Exo70, and Exo84 – were found also in higher plants and confirmed to form complexes in vivo, and to participate in cell growth including polarized expansion of pollen tubes and root hairs. Here we present results of a phylogenetic study of land plant exocyst subunits encoded by a selection of completely sequenced genomes representing a variety of plant, mostly angiosperm, lineages. According to their evolution histories, plant exocyst subunits can be divided into several groups. The core subunits Sec6, Sec8, and Sec10, together with Sec3 and Sec5, underwent few, if any fixed duplications in the tracheophytes (though they did amplify in the moss Physcomitrella patens), while others form larger families, with the number of paralogs ranging typically from two to eight per genome (Sec15, Exo84) to several dozens per genome (Exo70). Most of the diversity, which can be in some cases traced down to the origins of land plants, can be attributed to the peripheral subunits Exo84 and, in particular, Exo70. As predicted previously, early land plants (including possibly also the Rhyniophytes) encoded three ancestral Exo70 paralogs which further diversified in the course of land plant evolution. Our results imply that plants do not have a single “Exocyst complex” – instead, they appear to possess a diversity of exocyst variants unparalleled among other organisms studied so far. This feature might perhaps be directly related to the demands of building and maintenance of the complicated and spatially diverse structures of the endomembranes and cell surfaces in multicellular land plants