Evaluation of the operation of co-generation units with biogas combustion

Tato bakalářská práce se zabývá analýzou a hodnocením provozu bioplynové stanice. Úvodní část práce obsahuje základní informace týkající se kombinované výroby elektrické energie a tepla. Je zde uveden popis kogeneračních jednotek, druhy technologií i výhody spojené s využitím kogenerace. Další části se zaměřují na výrobu a využití elektrické energie a tepla na bioplynové stanici, a především na analýzu a hodnocení provozu. V poslední části jsou uvedeny metody pro vylepšení provozu bioplynové stanice.This thesis focuses on the analysis and evaluation of the operation of biogas plants. The introductory part contains basic information regarding the combined production of electricity and heat. There is a description of cogeneration units, types of technologies and benefits associated with the use of cogeneration. Another section focuses on the production and use of electricity and heat for the biogas plant, and especially analysis and evaluation of the operation. The last section provides methods for improving the operation of biogas plants.410 - Katedra elektroenergetikyvýborn

Dynamic Glycosylation Governs the Vertebrate COPII Protein Trafficking Pathway

The COPII coat complex, which mediates secretory cargo trafficking from the endoplasmic reticulum, is a key control point for subcellular protein targeting. Because misdirected proteins cannot function, protein sorting by COPII is critical for establishing and maintaining normal cell and tissue homeostasis. Indeed, mutations in COPII genes cause a range of human pathologies, including cranio-lenticulo-sutural dysplasia (CLSD), which is characterized by collagen trafficking defects, craniofacial abnormalities, and skeletal dysmorphology. Detailed knowledge of the COPII pathway is required to understand its role in normal cell physiology and to devise new treatments for disorders in which it is disrupted. However, little is known about how vertebrates dynamically regulate COPII activity in response to developmental, metabolic, or pathological cues. Several COPII proteins are modified by O-linked β-<i>N</i>-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc), a dynamic form of intracellular protein glycosylation, but the biochemical and functional effects of these modifications remain unclear. Here, we use a combination of chemical, biochemical, cellular, and genetic approaches to demonstrate that site-specific O-GlcNAcylation of COPII proteins mediates their protein–protein interactions and modulates cargo secretion. In particular, we show that individual O-GlcNAcylation sites of SEC23A, an essential COPII component, are required for its function in human cells and vertebrate development, because mutation of these sites impairs SEC23A-dependent <i>in vivo</i> collagen trafficking and skeletogenesis in a zebrafish model of CLSD. Our results indicate that O-GlcNAc is a conserved and critical regulatory modification in the vertebrate COPII-dependent trafficking pathway