Body posture in the sagittal plane and scoliotic variables in girls aged 7-18

ABSTRACTIntroduction. The aim of the study was to analyze the correlation between the variable posture in the sagittal plane and the scoliotic variables. Material and methods. The study involved 28 girls aged 7-18 years with scoliotic posture and scoliosis. Body posture as well as the spine were examined using Moiré’s spatial photogrammetry and the Exhibeon digital radiography method. Based on the size of the spinal curvature, the following were distinguished: scoliotic postures: 1-9° and scoliosis: ≥10°. Results. There were 21 (75%) with scoliotic posture and 7 (25%) with scoliosis. The size of the thoracic kyphosis and lumbar lordosis was normal. Conclusions. Between the body postural variables in the sagittal plane and the scoliotic variables, both positive (direct proportional) and negative (inversely proportional) correlations occurred. In the selection of scoliosis treatment method, the size of the postural variables in the sagittal plane should be taken into account, and each patient’s case should be individually considered

Deviations of the centre of feet pressure in girls with scoliosis and scoliotic posturę

Wilczyński Jacek, Paprocki Michał, Wilczyńska Katarzyna, Wilczyński Igor. Deviations of the centre of feet pressure in girls with scoliosis and scoliotic posturę. Journal of Education, Health and Sport. 2017;7(3):400-413. eISSN 2391-8306. DOI http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.344960 http://ojs.ukw.edu.pl/index.php/johs/article/view/4290 The journal has had 7 points in Ministry of Science and Higher Education parametric evaluation. Part B item 1223 (26.01.2017). 1223 Journal of Education, Health and Sport eISSN 2391-8306 7 © The Author (s) 2017; This article is published with open access at Licensee Open Journal Systems of Kazimierz Wielki University in Bydgoszcz, Poland Open Access. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Noncommercial License which permits any noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author(s) and source are credited. This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited. This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited. The authors declare that there is no conflict of interests regarding the publication of this paper. Received: 12.02.2017. Revised 23.02.2017. Accepted: 28.02.2017. Deviations of the centre of feet pressure in girls with scoliosis and scoliotic posture Wychylenia środka nacisku stóp u dziewcząt ze skoliozą i postawą skoliotyczną Jacek Wilczyński1, Michał Paprocki2, Katarzyna Wilczyńska3, Igor Wilczyński4 Instytut Fizjoterapii, Wydział Lekarski i Nauk o Zdrowiu, Uniwersytet Jana Kochanowskiego w Kielcach Doktorant, Instytut Fizjoterapii, Wydział Lekarski i Nauk o Zdrowiu, Uniwersytet Jana Kochanowskiego w Kielcach Ośrodek Rehabilitacji Dziennej Dla Dorosłych, PZOZ Starachowice Zakład Rehabilitacji Leczniczej, PZOZ w Starachowicach SUMMARY Introduction. The aim of the research was to analyze selected deviations of the centre of feet pressure (COP) in girls with scoliosis and scoliotic posture. Material and methods. 28 girls aged 7-18 years old were involved in the study. Spine research was made by Exhibeon digital radiography. Based on the size of the angle of spinal curvature there were identified scoliotic posture: 1-9° and scoliosis: ≥10°. The deviations of the centre of feet pressure were examined by static-dynamic Tecnobody’s ST 310 Plus Stability System platform. Results. Forward-Backward Standard Deviation Y was from 6,57 with opened eyes (OE) to 7,32 with closed eyes (CE). The difference in Romberg’s Test was 0,75. Medium-Lateral Standard Deviation X was from 3,89 with opened eyes (OE) to 5,54 with closed eyes (CE). The difference in Romberg’s Test was 1,65. Average Forward-Backward Speed Y was from 11,96 with opened eyes (OE) to 17,29 with closed eyes (CE). The difference in Romberg’s Test was 5,33. Average Medium-Lateral Speed X was from 9,96 with opened eyes (OE) to 13,89 with closed eyes (CE). The difference in Romberg’s Test was 3,93. Conclusion. In a study with closed eyes (CE) it has been observed a significant increase of the centre of feet pressure deviations for: Medium-Lateral Standard Deviation X (p=0,022162), Average Forward-Backward Speed Y (p=0,000071) and Average Medium-Lateral Speed X (p=0,000916). Correlation analysis of the centre of feet pressure deviations with age demonstrated an important connections only in case of Medium-Lateral Standard Deviation X (r= -0,38, p=0,043). Key words: Forward-Backward Standard Deviation Y, Medium-Lateral Standard Deviation X, scoliotic postures, idiopathic scoliosis STRESZCZENIE Wstęp. W etiologii skolioz coraz częściej zwraca się uwagę na dyskretne, trudne do zdiagnozowania zmiany neurologiczne. Celem badań była analiza wybranych wychyleń środka nacisku stóp (COP) u dziewcząt ze skoliozą i postawą skoliotyczną. Materiał i metody. Badaniami objęto 28 dziewcząt w wieku 7-18 lat. W badaniach kręgosłupa wykorzystano radiogramy cyfrowe Exhibeon. Na podstawie wielkości kąta skrzywienia kręgosłupa wyodrębniono postawę skoliotyczną: 1-9° i skoliozy: ≥10°. Wychylenia środka nacisku stóp badano statyczno-dynamiczną platformą ST 310 Plus Stability System firmy Tecnobody. Wyniki. Forward-Backward Standard Deviation Y wy­nosiła od 6,57 z oczami otwartymi (OE) do 7,32 z oczami zamkniętymi (CE). Medium-Lateral Standard Deviation X wynosiła od 3,89 z oczami otwartymi (OE) do 5,54 z oczami zamkniętymi (CE). Average Forward-Backward Speed Y wynosiła od 11,96 z oczami otwartymi (OE) do 17,29 z oczami zamkniętymi (CE). Average Medium-Lateral Speed X wynosiła od 9,96 z oczami otwartymi (OE) do 13,89 z oczami zamkniętymi (CE). Wniosek. W badaniu z oczami zamkniętymi (CE) zaobserwowano istotny wzrost wychyleń środka nacisku stóp dla: Medium-Lateral Standard Deviation X (p=0,022162), Average Forward-Backward Speed Y (p=0,000071) i Average Medium-Lateral Speed X (p=0,000916). Analiza korelacji wychyleń środka nacisku stóp z wiekiem wykazała istotne związki w jedynie w przypadku Medium-Lateral Standard Deviation X (r= -0,38, p=0,043). Zależność ta była odwrotnie proporcjonalna. Słowa kluczowe: średnie odchylenie Y, średnie odchylenie X, postawa skoliotyczna, skolioza idiopatyczn

Assessment of the progress of the therapy by the FED in patients with scoliosis idiopathic

Summarizing the result of x-rays and Diers Formetric III 4 D, it can be concluded that the girl received improved on as a result of the treatment method of F.E.D.. The angle of the original curvature was 56 ° in the thoracic region and 50 ° in the lumbar region measured by Cobb. After corrections were obtained curvature of the spine, which respectively in the thoracic region 46 °, and 45 ° lumbar. In addition, the method of opto-Diers Formetric III 4 D allows a constant control and evaluation of the progress of the therapy method F.E.D. is completely devoid of harmful x-rays.By comparing the results of the angles in the curve and the degree of rotation in all of the studies, it can be concluded that the results represent a significant correction of spine patients. In addition, was a link between the tests and X-RAY Diers Formetric 4 D. Angles in the curve in both studies were situated within the limits of the measurement errors which proves their correlation.So far, however, no studies have been conducted on a large research group in order to prove the direct correlation between the two diagnostic methods. This system can be presented to the various clinical issues an objective and quantitative analysis of body posture and scoliosis. This is currently the most modern non-invasive evaluation system

Optoelectronic Capillary Sensors in Microfluidic and Point-of-Care Instrumentation

This paper presents a review, based on the published literature and on the authors’ own research, of the current state of the art of fiber-optic capillary sensors and related instrumentation as well as their applications, with special emphasis on point-of-care chemical and biochemical sensors, systematizing the various types of sensors from the point of view of the principles of their construction and operation. Unlike classical fiber-optic sensors which rely on changes in light propagation inside the fiber as affected by outside conditions, optical capillary sensors rely on changes of light transmission in capillaries filled with the analyzed liquid, which opens the possibility of interesting new applications, while raising specific issues relating to the construction, materials and instrumentation of those sensors

Dokładnośc badania postawy ciała metodą optoelektroniczną Diers Formetric III 4D w porównaniu z wynikiem zdjęcia RTG = Accuracy of the optoelectronic test body posture Formetric Diers Method III 4D in comparison with the result of the x-ray pictures

Paprocki Michał, Rychter Paweł, Wilczyński Jacek. Dokładnośc badania postawy ciała metodą optoelektroniczną Diers Formetric III 4D w porównaniu z wynikiem zdjęcia RTG = Accuracy of the optoelectronic test body posture Formetric Diers Method III 4D in comparison with the result of the x-ray pictures. Journal of Education, Health and Sport. 2016;6(4):385-398. eISSN 2391-8306. DOI http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.50535 http://ojs.ukw.edu.pl/index.php/johs/article/view/3489   The journal has had 7 points in Ministry of Science and Higher Education parametric evaluation. Part B item 755 (23.12.2015). 755 Journal of Education, Health and Sport eISSN 2391-8306 7 © The Author (s) 2016; This article is published with open access at Licensee Open Journal Systems of Kazimierz Wielki University in Bydgoszcz, Poland Open Access. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Noncommercial License which permits any noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author(s) and source are credited. This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited. This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited. The authors declare that there is no conflict of interests regarding the publication of this paper. Received: 05.04.2016. Revised 25.04.2016. Accepted: 27.04.2016.   DOKŁADNOŚC BADANIA POSTAWY CIAŁA METODĄ OPTOELEKTRONICZNĄ DIERS FORMETRIC III 4D W PORÓWNANIU Z WYNIKIEM ZDJĘCIA RTG   Michał Paprocki, Paweł Rychter, Jacek Wilczyński   Instytut fizjoterapii, Uniwersytet Jana Kochanowskiego w Kielcach, Polska   mgr Michał Paprocki mgr Paweł Rychter dr hab. n o k.f. prof. UJK Jacek Wilczyński   Streszczenie Wstęp: Celem przeprowadzonych badań była ocena dokładności badania postawy ciała metodą Diers Formetric III 4D w porównaniu z wynikami zdjęć RTG. Dokonano analizy zdjęcia RTG pacjenta oraz porównano go z wynikiem uzyskanym metodą Diers Formetric III 4D. Materiał i metody: Materiał badawczy stanowił jeden pacjent. Był nim chłopak w wieku lat 16 o wzroście 171cm i wadze 52,5 kg. Pacjent został poddany dwóm badaniom. Pierwsze to zdjęcie RTG całego kręgosłupa natomiast drugie badania zostało wykonane metodą Diers Formetric III 4D. Przed przystąpieniem do leczenia został zebrany wywiad pacjenta. Wyniki: Podsumowując wynik badania Diers Formetric III 4D można stwierdzić, że chłopiec ten miał skoliozę idiopatyczną trzyłukową. Metoda optoelektroniczna Diers formetric III 4D umożliwia szybki, pozbawiony szkodliwego promieniowania i wielkopowierzchniowy optyczny pomiar pleców i kręgosłupa. Porównując wyniki kątów skrzywienia oraz stopnia rotacji w obu badaniach można stwierdzić iż wyniki mieszczą się w błędzie pomiarowym.   Słowa kluczowe: zdjęcie RTG, metoda Cobba, kąt skoliozy, postawa ciał.   Abstract   Introduction: The aim of the study was to assess the accuracy of the testing body posture Formetric Diers method III 4D in comparison with the results of X-RAY images. Analyses x-ray pictures of the patient and compares it with the result obtained by Formetric Diers III 4D. Material and methods: The research Material represented one patient. He is boy at the age of 16 years for growth 171cm and weight 52.5 kg. The patient was subjected to two tests. The first is a radiograph of the entire spine while the second test was done by Formetric Diers III 4D. Before attempting to treat the patient's interview has been harvested. Search results: summing up the result of the test Diers Formetric III 4Dd, it can be concluded that the boy had this three arcs idiopathic scoliosis. Optoelectronic method Diers Formetric III 4D provides fast, devoid of harmful radiation and measuring the optical centres of the back and spine. By comparing the results of the curvature of the angles and the degree of rotation in both studies, it can be concluded that the results are in the measuring error wrong.   Keywords: x-ray, Cobb method, the angle of the scoliosis, attitude

Deviations of the centre of feet pressure in girls with scoliosis and scoliotic posture

Introduction. The aim of the research was to analyze selected deviations of the centre of feet pressure (COP) in girls with scoliosis and scoliotic posture. Material and methods. 28 girls aged 7-18 years old were involved in the study. Spine research was made by  Exhibeon digital radiography. Based on the size of the angle of spinal curvature there were identified scoliotic posture: 1-9° and scoliosis: ≥10°.  The deviations of the centre of feet pressure were examined by static-dynamic Tecnobody’s ST 310 Plus Stability System platform. Results. Forward-Backward Standard Deviation Y was from 6,57 with opened eyes (OE) to 7,32 with closed eyes (CE). The difference in Romberg’s Test was 0,75. Medium-Lateral Standard Deviation X was from 3,89 with opened eyes (OE) to 5,54 with closed eyes (CE). The difference in Romberg’s Test was 1,65. Average Forward-Backward Speed Y was from 11,96 with opened eyes (OE) to 17,29 with closed eyes (CE). The difference in Romberg’s Test was 5,33. Average Medium-Lateral Speed X was from 9,96 with opened eyes (OE) to 13,89 with closed eyes (CE). The difference in Romberg’s Test was 3,93. Conclusion. In a study with closed eyes (CE)  it has been observed a significant increase of the centre of feet pressure deviations for: Medium-Lateral Standard Deviation X (p=0,022162), Average Forward-Backward Speed Y (p=0,000071) and Average Medium-Lateral Speed X (p=0,000916). Correlation analysis of the centre of feet pressure deviations with age demonstrated an important connections only in case of Medium-Lateral Standard Deviation X (r= -0,38, p=0,043)

Evaluation of postural stability of people with Parkinson's disease with Biodex Balance System device

Wilczyński Jacek, Kabała Magdalena, Paprocki Michał, Rychter Paweł, Wilczyński Igor. Evaluation of postural stability of people with Parkinson's disease with Biodex Balance System device. Journal of Education, Health and Sport. 2016;6(10):365-376. eISSN 2391-8306. DOI http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.163020 http://ojs.ukw.edu.pl/index.php/johs/article/view/3953       The journal has had 7 points in Ministry of Science and Higher Education parametric evaluation. Part B item 755 (23.12.2015). 755 Journal of Education, Health and Sport eISSN 2391-8306 7 © The Author (s) 2016; This article is published with open access at Licensee Open Journal Systems of Kazimierz Wielki University in Bydgoszcz, Poland Open Access. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Noncommercial License which permits any noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author(s) and source are credited. This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited. This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited. The authors declare that there is no conflict of interests regarding the publication of this paper. Received: 02.10.2016. Revised 02.10.2016. Accepted: 20.10.2016.     Evaluation of postural stability of people with Parkinson's disease with Biodex Balance System device   Jacek Wilczyński1, Magdalena Kabała, Michał Paprocki, Paweł Rychter, Igor Wilczyński   1 Head: Department of Neurology, Neurological Rehabilitation and Kinesitherapy, Institute of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Jan Kochanowski University, Kielce, Al. IX Wieków Kielc, 25-317 Kielce, 19, Tel. 603-703-926, e-mail: jwilczyń[email protected]     dr hab. n. o k.f. prof. UJK Jacek Wilczyński, licencjat Magdalena Kabała, mgr Michał Paprocki, mgr Paweł Rychter, licencjat Igor Wilczyński   Summary Parkinson's disease is an incurable disease of the CNS of progressive and chronic course. Postural Stability of people with Parkinson's is hindered what predisposes to falls. In a person standing seemingly motionless body performs small oscillatory movements caused by differences in antigravity muscle tension. This mechanism is called postural rocking and mobility associated with it is referred to as postural sway. The parameters of rocking are very sensitive indicator of balance control, and can be used to evaluate and detect pathological changes. The aim of the study was to evaluate the stability of posture of people with Parkinson's disease on the basis of posturographic examination.The age range of the patients was from 52 to 85 years (mean 71.8 years). In terms of age the patients were divided into two groups. The first group consisted of 9 people to 75 years old, while the other of 8 people over 75 years old. The postural stability was assessed with Biodex Balance System. The study was performed at the Laboratory of Posturology at the Institute of Physiotherapy at UJK in Kielce. Although Mann-Whitney U test showed no significant differences in postural stability between the sexes, its lower values are reported for men. A standing position of the subjects was characterized by greater deviation in the sagittal plane than in the frontal plane (A/P>M/L) with a tendency to tilt backwards. There were better postural stability results in the younger group (group 1), up to 75 years old. The subjects in this group obtained significantly lower values of postural stability (t°=2.2744, p<0.05).   Keywords: postural stability, Parkinson's disease, Biodex Balance System Streszczenie Zaburzenia stabilności posturalnej są istotnym objawem choroby Parkinsona jako chronicznej niesprawności neurologicznej. Utrzymanie pionowej postawy ciała oraz jej kontrola są procesami wielopłaszczyznowymi. Postępujące i przewlekłe zmiany zanikowe oraz zwyrodnieniowe zmysłu wzroku, czucia głębokiego i układu przedsionkowego zaburzają stabilność postawy. Decydują o występowaniu skłonności do upadków, szczególnie przy gwałtownych ruchach głową. To z kolei prowadzi do osłabienia aktywności ruchowej oraz innych, związanych z tym konsekwencji. W badaniu wzięło udział 17 chorych w tym 12 (70,59%) kobiet i 5 (29,41%) mężczyzn. Grupa badawcza dobrana została spośród członków Stowarzyszenia Chorych na Parkinsona w Kielcach. Przedział wiekowy chorych wynosił od 52 do 85 lat (średnia 71,8 lat). Celem pracy była ocena stabilności postawy osób chorych na chorobę Parkinsona na postawie badania posturograficznego. Do oceny stabilności posturalnej zastosowano platformę Biodex Balance System. Badania wykonano w Laboratorium Posturologii w Instytucie Fizjoterapii na UJK w Kielcach. Choć test U Mann-Whitney nie wykazał istotnych różnic w stabilności posturalnej pomiędzy płciami to niższe jej wartości wystąpiły u mężczyzn. Postawę stojącą badanych charakteryzowały większe wychwiania w płaszczyźnie strzałkowej niż czołowej (A/P>M/L) z tendencją do odchylania się do tyłu. Zaobserwowano lepsze wyniki stabilności posturalnej w grupie osób młodszych (grupa 1) do 75 roku życia. Badani tej grupy uzyskali istotnie niższe wartości stabilności posturalnej (t°= 2,2744, p<0,05).   Słowa kluczowe: stabilność posturalna, choroba Parkinsona, platforma Biodex Balance Syste

Korelacje porządku rang Charlesa Spearmana pomiędzy zmianami postawy w płaszczyźnie strzałkowej a reakcjami posturalnymi u dziewcząt w wieku 12-15 lat = Correlations of Charles Spearman rank order between changes of posture in a sagittal plane and postural reactions in girls aged 12-15 years

Wilczyński Jacek, Karolak Przemysław, Paprocki Michał, Rychter Paweł, Wilczyński Igor. Korelacje porządku rang Charlesa Spearmana pomiędzy zmianami postawy w płaszczyźnie strzałkowej a reakcjami posturalnymi u dziewcząt w wieku 12-15 lat = Correlations of Charles Spearman rank order between changes of posture in a sagittal plane and postural reactions in girls aged 12-15 years. Journal of Education, Health and Sport. 2016;6(5):38-54. eISSN 2391-8306. DOI http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.51100 http://ojs.ukw.edu.pl/index.php/johs/article/view/3509   The journal has had 7 points in Ministry of Science and Higher Education parametric evaluation. Part B item 755 (23.12.2015). 755 Journal of Education, Health and Sport eISSN 2391-8306 7 © The Author (s) 2016; This article is published with open access at Licensee Open Journal Systems of Kazimierz Wielki University in Bydgoszcz, Poland Open Access. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Noncommercial License which permits any noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author(s) and source are credited. This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited. This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited. The authors declare that there is no conflict of interests regarding the publication of this paper. Received: 05.04.2016. Revised 25.04.2016. Accepted: 05.05.2016.   KORELACJE PORZĄDKU RANG CHARLESA SPEARMANA POMIĘDZY ZMIANAMI POSTAWY W PŁASZCZYŹNIE STRZAŁKOWEJ A REAKCJAMI POSTURALNYMI U DZIEWCZĄT W WIEKU 12-15 LAT   CORRELATIONS OF CHARLES SPEARMAN RANK ORDER BETWEEN CHANGES OF POSTURE IN A SAGITTAL PLANE AND POSTURAL REACTIONS IN GIRLS AGED 12-15 YEARS   Jacek Wilczyński, Przemysław Karolak, Michał Paprocki, Paweł Rychter, Igor Wilczyński   Instytut Fizjoterapii, Wydział Lekarski i Nauk o Zdrowiu, UJK w Kielcach   dr hab. n. o k. f. Jacek Wilczyński, mgr Przemysław Karolak, mgr Michał Paprocki, mgr Paweł Rychter, licencjat Igor Wilczyński Instytut Fizjoterapii, Wydział Lekarski i Nauk o Zdrowiu, UJK w Kielcach   Słowa kluczowe: korelacje porządku rang Charlesa Spearmana, zmiany postawy w płaszczyźnie strzałkowej, reakcje posturalne.   Key words: correlations of Charles Spearman rank, changes of posture in a sagittal plane, postural reactions.   Streszczenie Celem pracy była analiza korelacji porządku rang Spearmana pomiędzy zmianami postawy w płaszczyźnie strzałkowej a reakcjami posturalnymi u dziewcząt w wieku 12-15 lat. W badaniach brało udział 247 dziewcząt w wieku 12-15 lat ze Szkoły Podstawowej Nr 13 i Gimnazjum Nr 4 w Starachowicach. Badania wykonano w listopadzie 2005 roku. W badaniach postawy zastosowano technikę fotogrametrii przestrzennej wykorzystującą efekt mory projekcyjnej. W badaniach reakcji równoważnych zastosowano platformę Cosmogamma by Emildue R 50300. Wykonywano standardowy test Romberga w staniu swobodnym. Do analizy statystycznej zastosowano średnią arytmetyczną (x) i odchylenie standardowe (s). Rozkłady zmiennych opisujących postawę analizowano testem Liliefors. Reakcje posturalne zweryfikowano pod względem normalności rozkładu testem Kołmogorowa-Smirnowa. W przypadku, gdy rozkład próby różnił się istotnie od normalnego dla wyznaczenia współzależności dwóch cech zastosowano nieparametryczny test korelacji Spearmana. W grupie dziewcząt dominowały korelacje wprost proporcjonalne, których było siedem: DELTA/SPOY (OE), DKP/GP (OE), DKP/DS (OE), DKP/PB (OE), GLL/SPOY (OE), DLL/SPOY (CE), DKP/PP (OE). Korelacje odwrotnie proporcjonalne wystąpiły w czterech przypadkach: RLL/PP (CE), DCK WZR/SPOX (OE), DLL/PP (CE), KLL/SPOY (OE). Korelacje istotne statystycznie częściej występowały, kiedy test Romberga odbywał się z oczami otwartymi (OE): DELTA/SPOY (OE), DKP/GP (OE), DKP/DS (OE), DKP/PB (OE), GLL/SPOY (OE), DKP/PP (OE), DCK WZR/SPOX (OE) KLL/SPOY (OE). Wśród korelacji z oczami otwartymi (OE) było sześć wprost proporcjonalnych: DELTA/SPOY (OE), DKP/GP (OE), DKP/DS (OE), DKP/PB (OE), GLL/SPOY (OE), DKP/PP (OE) i tylko dwie ujemne: DCK WZR/SPOX (OE), KLL/SPOY (OE). W teście Romberga z oczami zamkniętymi (CE) wystąpiła jedna istotna korelacja dodatnia: DLL/SPOY (CE) i dwie korelacje ujemne: RLL/PP (CE), DLL/PP (CE).   Summary The aim of this study was to analyze the correlation of the Spearman rank order between changes of posture in the sagittal plane and postural reactions in girls aged 12-15 years. The studies included 247 girls aged 12-15 years from the Primary School No. 13 and Grammar School No. 4 in Starachowice. The study was performed in November 2005. The research approach used photogrammetry technique that uses spatial projection moiré effect. The study of balance reaction sense study used the Cosmogamma platform by Emildue R 50300. Romberg test was performed in a standard free standing. For statistical analysis, the arithmetic mean (x) and standard deviation (s) were used. The distributions of variables describing the posture were analyzed by Liliefors test. Postural reactions were verified in terms of distribution normality with Kolmogorov-Smirnov test. If the distribution of the sample differed significantly from normal, for determining the correlation between two characteristics, nonparametric Spearman correlation test was used. In the group of girls dominated proportional correlations, in the number of seven: DELTA/SPOY (OE), DKP/GP (OE), DKP/DS (OE), DKP/PB (OE), GLL/SPOY (OE), DLL/SPOY (CE), DKP/PP (OE). Correlates inversely proportional occurred in four cases: RLL/PP (CE), DCK WZR/SPOX (OE), DLL/PP (CE), KLL/SPOY (OE). Statistically significant correlations were more frequent when the Romberg test was conducted with eyes open (EO): DELTA/SPOY (OE), DKP/GP (OE), DKP/DS (OE), DKP/PB (OE), GLL/SPOY (OE), DKP/PP (OE), DCK WZR/SPOX (OE) KLL/SPOY (OE). Among the correlation with eyes open (EO) was six directly proportional: DELTA/SPOY (OE), DKP/GP (OE), DKP/DS (OE), DKP/PB (OE), GLL/SPOY (OE), DKP/PP (OE) and only two negative: DCK WZR/SPOX (OE), KLL/SPOY (OE). In the Romberg test with eyes closed (CE) there was one significant positive correlation: DLL/SPOY (CE) and two negative correlations of: RLL/PP (Z), DLL/PP (CE)

Scoliosis compensation and postural responses in school girls

Introduction. The aim of the study was to analyze the relationship between scoliosis compensation and postural responses in school girls. Material and Methods. Spinal testing was carried out using the photogrammetric Moiré method. Based on the angle size of the spinal curvature, scoliosis posture was distinguished: 1-9° and scoliosis: ≥10°. Postural reactions were examined using the ST 310 Plus Stability System, Tecnobody platform. Results. There were 21 (75%) children with scoliotic posture and 7 (25%) with scoliosis (25%). In primary spinal clavicular, both during tests with open and closed eyes, there were significant direct proportional correlations between clavicular and postural responses. Higher values of clavicular variables were accompanied by increased postural responses. In secondary claviculars, both during tests conducted with open and closed eyes, there were significant but inversely proportional correlations between scoliotic variables and postural responses. Higher values of the sclerotic variables were accompanied by a decrease in postural responses. Conclusion. In compensated scoliosis, by alignment of primary and secondary claviculars, lower postural amplitudes of postural responses were observed. Scoliosis therapy should be directed towards the correction of the primary deflection. Levelling secondary deflections must be subordinated to this. Reducing secondary deflections without simultaneous compensation of the primary deflections is detrimental

The effect of cold-water bath on postexercise activity of α1-antitrypsin and selected lysosomal enzymes in healthy men’s blood – preliminary study

Wstęp. Celem pracy było określenie wpływu kąpieli w zimnej wodzie zastosowanej po wysiłku fizycznym na aktywność α1-antytrypsyny (AAT) oraz wybranych enzymów lizosomalnych: arylosulfatazy (ASA), kwaśnej fosfatazy (AcP) i katepsyny D (CTS D) we krwi zdrowych mężczyzn. Materiał i metody. 22 mężczyzn poddano dwóm sesjom 30-min. aerobowego wysiłku fizycznego. Po jednym z nich mężczyźni odpoczywali w temperaturze pokojowej, podczas gdy po drugim poddano ich kąpieli w zimnej wodzie (3 min, 8ºC; doświadczenie 2). W każdym z etapów krew pobrano trzykrotnie z żyły odłokciowej: przed wysiłkiem fizycznym oraz 2 i 20 min. po zakończeniu wysiłku. W surowicy krwi oznaczono aktywności AAT, ASA, AcP i CTS D. Uzyskane wyniki poddano analizie statystycznej za pomocą testu ANOVA. Zmiany na poziomie p<0,05 uznano za istotne statystycznie. Wyniki. Wykazano istotny statystycznie wzrost aktywności AcP i CTS D oraz obniżenie aktywności AAT po wysiłku fizycznym i odpoczynku w temperaturze pokojowej w porównaniu do aktywności oznaczanych parametrów przed wysiłkiem fizycznym. Nie odnotowano natomiast istotnych statystycznie różnic aktywności inhibitora proteaz (AAT) oraz oznaczanych enzymów lizosomalnych po wysiłku fizycznym i kąpieli w zimnej wodzie w porównaniu z ich aktywnością przed 30-minutowym wysiłkiem. Wnioski. Kąpiel w zimnej wodzie zastosowana po wysiłku fizycznym zwiększa stabilność błon lizosomalnych i może skutkować zmniejszeniem powysiłkowych uszkodzeń mięśni.Background. The aim of the study was to determine the effect of winter bath after physical exercise on the activity of α1-antitrypsin (AAT) and selected lysosomal enzymes: arylsulfatase (ASA), acid phosphatase (AcP) and cathepsin D (CTS D) in healthy males’ blood. Material and methods. 22 males participated in two session of aerobic physical exercise. After one session the subjects rested in room temperature while after the other session they bathed in cold water (3 minutes, 8ºC; experiment 2). During each stage they had blood taken from the basilic vein prior to physical exercise and 2 and 20 minutes after the exercise. The activity of AAT, ASA, AcP and CTS D was assayed in blood serum. The obtained results were subjected to statistical analysis using ANOVA test. The changes at the level p<0.05 were regarded as statistically significant. Results. A statistically significant increase in AcP and CTS D activity was found as well as a decrease in AAT activity following physical exercise and resting at room temperature as compared with the activity of the assayed parameters prior to physical exercise. Conversely, no statistically significant differences in protease inhibitor activity (AAT) and lysosomal enzyme activity were noted after physical exercise and cold water bath as compared with their activity measured prior to 30-minute long physical exercise. Conclusions. Hot water bath applied after physical exercise increases the stability of lysosomal membranes and may result in a decrease of post-exercise muscle damage